AIM: To study the clinical effect of implantation of multifocal intraocular lens ( lOL ) combined with cataract extraction and lOL in cataract patients.
●METHODS:A total of 86 cases ( 86 eyes ) of cataract patients admitted to our hospital from Feb. 2014 to Mar. 2015 were divided into two groups according to the order of admission, each of 43 cases. The 43 patients with cataract extraction combined with non spherical astigmatism correction type monofocal lOL implantation for the treatment as the control group, the other 43 patients with cataract extraction combined with aspheric toric multifocal lOL implantation were treated as the observation group. After 1y of follow- up, the visual acuity, astigmatism and the contrast sensitivity of the two groups were observed.
●RESULTS: There was no difference in visual acuity between two groups (P>0. 05). Postoperative observation group of uncorrected near visual acuity ( UCNVA ) was significantly better than the control group (P<0. 05), and the other indexes were not different (P>0. 05). There was no difference in astigmatism between the two groups before and after operation ( P> 0. 05 ). There was no difference in contrast sensitivity between two groups ( P>0. 05). The contrast sensitivity of the control group was better than that of the observation group (P<0. 05), and the rest had no difference (P>0. 05).
● CONCLUSION: Astigmatism correction multifocal intraocular lens on corneal astigmatism after surgery has a good effect, the naked eye near visual effect is better, the rest of the visual acuity is stable, good visual quality, worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Objective To study the macrophage immune response after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) under the ultrasound guide. Methods Eighty-nine cases of primary hepatic carcinoma patients were treated by PMCT. At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT, the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guide. And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods. Then the infiltration of macrophage on local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment. Moreover the function of immunocytes were observed by electronic microscope. Results The infiltration of macrophage increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with that in pre-PMCT. And there were more protuberance from the macrophage and much more lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium observed by electronic microscope. Conclusion The local macrophage cellular immunity can be more improved after the primary hepatic carcinoma treated by PMCT.

Background and purpose:Tumour cell is recognized and rejected by immunocytes.The local infiltration of immunocytes and the clinical curative effect after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT) is worthy of further study.We investigated the local immune response after PMCT under ultrasound guidance and evaluated if the local immune response had any influence on the prognosis of patients.Methods:89 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated by PMCT.At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT,the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guidance.And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods.Then the infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ of local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment of PMCT.Meanwhile,the patients underwent follow-up to survey the possibility of recrudescence.Moreover,the authors analyzed the relation between the infiltration of immunocytes and recrudescence.Results:A few CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were observed in the cancer stoma and tissues surroundings the liver before PMCT.After PMCT,the immunocytes of CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were significantly increased both in the cancer and the adjacent liver tissue.These immunocytes were enlarged in size.The infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with those of pre-PMCT(P

85 cm) before 65 years old and descended after 65 (P

Professor YU Ren-cun believes that the responsibility of cough and asthma of lung cancer patients not only lies in the lungs, but also relates with spleen, kidney, heart and liver. Treatment should focus on the whole body and overall conditioning. Syndrome can be divided into 4 types: qi deficiency with phlegm resistance, yin deficiency with toxic heat, qi stagnation with blood stasis, and lung and kidney deficiency. Clinical treatment should pay attention to the combination of disease and syndrome, which can achieve satisfactory efficacy.

Objective To explore the mechanism of endotoxemic injury in kidneys and protective effect of dexamethasone on renal cells.Methods Fifty-four eighteen-day Wistar rats were divided into control,endotoxemic(LPS)and dexamethasone groups randomly,18 rats in every group.Rats in control group were injected intraperitoneally with the same volume(0.1 mL)of 9 g/L sodium chloride as other two groups.All rats in LPS group were injected with a single bolus of LPS(4 mg/kg).The rats in dexamethasone group received LPS(4 mg/kg)and dexamethasone(5 mg/kg).Then they were sacrificed at 6,24 and 72 hours after injection.The ultrastructure was observed by electron microscope.Results In LPS group,glomerular basement membrane became thick and foot processes had coalescent partly,mitochondrial cristae became dissolved in proximal tubular endothelial cells and microvillus of distal tubular diminished at 6,24 hours after LPS injection.The morphological changes of apoptosis were found in the proximal tubular at 72 hours after LPS injection.These changes were in dexamethasone group.Conclusion Apoptosis participates in LPS injury of kidneys and dexamethasone have protective effect on injuried renal cells.

To solve separating problem of natural soda, fifty-seven strains screened from soil, floul water and activated mud were of flocculating activity. Two strains of bacteria, which were screened from above mentioned strains have higher activity and better steady than the whole culture liquid of bacteria was observed that its flocculating use to natural soda was strong and the mean flocculating rate of two strains were 79.80% and 87.% respectively.

Objective To prepare 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) hydrogel suppositories and to evaluate their photosensitizer transfer efficiencies in rectal tumor tissue.Methods The BALB/c mice implanted SW837 rectal cancer cells subcutaneously were randomly divided into four groups:intrarectal suppository administration group,cutaneous administration group,intratumoral injection group and intravenous injection group.Fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to measure the concentration of protoporphyrin Ⅸ (PpⅨ) and HMME in rectal wall,skin and tumor tissue.The distribution of photosensitizer was determined by a fluorescence spectroscopy system.Results The concentration of PpⅨ in the ALA suppository administration group was 9.76 times (1 h) and 5.80 times (3 h) higher than that in the cutaneous administration group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The maximal penetration depth of ALA in tumor tissue was about 3-6 mm at 2 h after the cutaneous administration.After the HMME suppository administration,the concentration of HMME in the rectal wall was very low.The maximal penetration depth of HMME in tumor tissue was less than 2 mm after the cutaneous administration.Conclusions ALA is more likely to penetrate mucosal barrier compared to skin tissue.The hydrogel suppository based rectal administration is expected to be a new administration method for the rectal cancer photodynamic therapy using ALA.

Objective To investiagte the serum adiponectin concentration in preeclampsia and its relationship with serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels.Method The level of adiponectin,leptin and soluble leptin receptor in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in 38 patients with preeclampsia and 42 patients as control.The relationship of free leptin index(leptin/soluble leptin receptor) to preeclampsia was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in maternal age,gestational age and body mass index(BMI)between two groups.But the gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in preeclampsia than in control.The patients with preeclampsia had significantly higher levels of serum adiponectin, leptin and free leptin index(1691.7?g/ml,37.5 ng/ml and 0.95 respectively)than the control(689.4?g/ml, 19.3 ag/ml and 0.49,respectively).But there was no significant difference in serum level of soluble leptin receptor between the groups(35.0 ng/ml vs 42.2 ng/ml).Serum adiponectin was not significantly correlated with the level of leptin,soluble leptin receptor and free leptin index.Area of serum adiponectin,leptin and free leptin index in preeclampsia under the ROC curve were less than 0.5.Conclusions The patients with preeclampsia have paradoxical higher serum levels of adiponecfin and more bioavailability of leptin,suggesting these may be important factom of this complication.

Objective To investigate the thermal effects on tissue structures during microwave endometrial ablation(MEA)and seek a feasible method of endometrial thinning and a fitting mode of applicator radiating microwaves.Methods Operations were performed between the group of thorough uterine curettage and the group of early follicular phase in in vitro or in vivo uterus.The former was treated with MEA after thorough uterine curettage;while the latter was treated with MEA in the early follicular phase directly.The applicator radiating microwaves were moved in "Z" or "Z+W" shape inside uterine cavity.At the same time the serosal temperature was measured in the uterine fundus,tael cornua uteri,the posterior wall and the lower part of anterior wall.After operations the uterine specimens were stained by hematoxylin- eosin,and respiratory enzyme dehydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADH-d) methods.The morphologic changes and the depth of tissue thermal damage were evaluated using an optical microscope and electron microscope.Results(1)Under the optical microscope the endometrial glands became distorted,the cell boundaries disappeared,the nucleoli turned condensed and were stained darker. A large number of acute inflammatory cells appeared in fibrous tissue.In the shallow muscle layer cells were arrayed thickly,nucleoli were solidified and condensed,and cellular plasm were concentrated.The endometrial and the superficial muscle layers were damaged and colorless with NADH-d staining.The scope of the tissue thermal damage was clearly seen.Under an electron microscope,some smooth muscle ceils, chromatin,karyotheca and cellular membranes were destroyed.The mitochondria were swollen,membranes were ruptured,and the crista disappeared.Many organelles were destroyed.The chromatin was lightly wrecked in the transitional area between putrescence and the normal smooth muscle tissue.Karyotheca and cellular plasm still existed,the mitochondria were highly edematous and the crista were disappeared,and the granular endoplasmic reticula were slightly expanded and degranulated.(2)The serosal temperature in in vitro uterus was significantly higher than that in in vivo uterus(P0.05).The injury depth of the "Z+ W" radiation group increased significantly than that of the " Z" radiation group(P