Objective: To observe the effect of 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) on long term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain, so as to explore the central mechanisms of the antinociceptive effects of 2 Hz electroacupuncture on neuropathic pain. Methods: The neuropathic pain models were produced by tight ligation of the L5/L6 spinal nerves in Sprague Dawley rats. The C fiber evoked field potentials in the spinal dorsal horn were recorded with extracellular recording techniques. The parameters of the electroacupuncture were as follows: frequency of 2 Hz, wavelength of 0.6 ms, intensity of 1,2,3 mA lasting 10 min for each intensity, stimulation time of 30 min. The positive stimulating electrode was placed in acupoint “sanyinjiao” and the negative electrode in “zusanli”. Results: (1) 2 Hz electroacupuncture significantly decreased the amplitudes of C fiber evoked field potentials in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain to (49.4?0.6)% of the control, compared with that (100.1?1.2) % of the control before EA (unpaired t test, P

Objective To explore the surgical techniques and effects of one-stage reconstruction surgery for pediatric comminuted and depressed fractures of frontal bone and anterior skull base.Methods The clinical data of 13 pediatric cases with one-stage reconstruction surgery for comminuted and depressed fractures of the frontal bone and anterior skull base were reviewed retrospectively,including 8 male and 5 female,aged from 4 to 14 years,with a mean age of 8 years.Admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was as follows:3 to 8 scores in 2 cases,9 to 11 scores in 4 cases,and 12 to 15 scores in 7 cases.The intraoperative one-stage osseous and vascular pedicle membranous reconstruction of frontal bone and anterior skull base had been performed in all patients.The periosteum-bone fragments-periosteum had been used in 4 cases whose bony defect diameter of anterior cranial fossa was over 1 cm,multimodality therapy were carried out postoperatively.The follow-ups were regularly executed after discharge.Results GCS at discharge was as follows:3 to 8 scores in 1 case,9 to 11 scores in 2 cases,and 12 to 15 scores in 10 cases.No significant difference was found in GCS between those on admission and at discharge(χ2=3.02,P>0.05).Eleven cases had a phenomenon of nasal hemorrhage and the duration was not exceeding 48 hours.No intracranial infection and cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in all patients.All patients received an acceptable appearance without obvious frontal depre-ssion or proptosis.Postoperative computed tomography image showed normal cranial volume,well reset of fracture pieces,no fracture pieces existing in intracerebral tissue,satisfactory hematoma evacuation,and orbital contents without compression.The complications like cerebrospinal fluid leakage,poor incision healing,brain abscess or mucous cyst had not been found in all patients from 3 months to 6 years follow-up period.Conclusions The one-stage reconstruction surgery for pediatric comminuted and depressed fractures of frontal bone and anterior skull base suggests a better prognosis,effectively less complications,which helps to avoid secondary surgery,but regular follow-ups are absolutely necessary.This procedure is worth applying and spreading to pediatric patients and medical institutions if necessary.

Objective To explore the effects of aging on ventricular remodeling and cardiac rupture after acute myocardial infarction in mice. Methods　Male C57BL/6 mice of 3 months and 12 months old were randomly divided into sham operation group and myocardial infarction(MI)group.Following acute myocardial infarction(AMI)modeling induced by open-chest surgery,the events of cardiac rupture were monitored and the echocardiography and hemodynamics were performed on the 7th day after surgery.Zymography,immunohistochemical method and pathological staining were used to measure the activity of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),the content of collagen and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration on the 3rd and 7th days after surgery,respectively. Results　The incidence of cardiac rupture was higher in elderly group than that in young group(38.0% vs.16.0%,X2=6.139,P＜0.05).Compared with young group,significant infarct expansion,left ventricular (LV)remodeling and hemodynamic deterioration were showed in elderly group on the 7th day after surgery(t=5.754,P＜0.05).The degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of MMP-9 were significantly increased in elderly group on the 3rd day following AMI modeling(P＜0.05),and the collagen content and the expression of type Ⅲ collagen were significantly increased (P＜0.05)compared with young group. Conclusions　Aging is a risk factor for post-infarct cardiac rupture in the mice model.The mechanisms which are responsible for this age-related difference of cardiac rupture are related to increasing degree of inflammatory cell infiltration, overexpression of MMP-9 and type Ⅲ collagen and aggravated early LV remodeling.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of surgical treatment for the congenital coronary artery anomaly.Methods 15 patients with coronary artery anomaly,congenital coronary artery fis-tulas were 11 patients,including 1 patient associated with Fallot,5 patients underwent ligation of isolated fistula and 1 patient's fistula was performed tangent suture though off-pump cardiopulmonary bypass,4 pa-tients'fistulas were repaired by endocardiac way and 1 patient was mended through dissection of fistula under Oil-pump cardiopulmonary bypass.Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from pulmonary artery were 4 patients and 1 patient associated with rheumatoid valve disease.Operative methods included ligation of left circumflex (1 case),anastomosis of left subclavian artery-left artery-left main (1 case) and transplantation of left main(2 cases).Results There was 1 death becaused severe low cardiac output syndrome,and the there was good prognosis and no clinical symptoms found in 14 patients during follow-up.Conclusion The feasible operation for the coronary artery anomaly should be performed as early as possible once diagnosed correctly.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; methods ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Paraffin Embedding ; methods ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism

Metabolic engineering provide powerful tools for the systematic manipulation of cellular metabolic activities. The ptsG gene for glucose-specific transporter Enzyme II CBGlc of the phosphotransferase system was knock-out so as to reduce the accumulation of acetic acid in the high cell-density culture of Escherichia coli on excess glucose. The chloramphenicol-resistant cassette with short shared sequences on both ends generated by PCR was electroporated into Escherichia coli DH5alpha and JM109. Recombination between linear DNA cassettes and Escherichia coli chromosomes took place by Red recombinase functions. Therefore, the ptsG gene was disrupted to construct the mutants called DH5alphaP and JM109P. There was no difference between the mutants and parent strains in LB media.However, in LB media supplemented with glucose, the mutants of Escherichia coli deficient in ptsG showed greater biomass, together with exploiting more glucose. The maximal cell density obtained with DH5alphaP was approximately 3 times more than that of DH5alpha, then the result of JM109P increased fourfold. The products of recombinant protein TNF respectively accounted for 24.3% of total cellular protein in DH5alphaP with A600 8.28 and 20.8% of total cellular protein in JM109P with A600 7.62. The specific volume expression amount of TNF was greater in the ptsG mutant than in its parent strain. These results demonstrate that the ptsG-mutant strains will be available for high cell-density culture.
Culture Media ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; growth & development ; Fermentation ; Mutation ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference of efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy on different age patients with allergic rhinitis. METHODS 229 patients with dermatophagoides farina drops allergic rhinitis who have finished SLIT at least 2 years were enrolled and analyzed by retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into different age groups: pre-adolescence(n=107), adolescence(n=53), adulthood(n=69). Indexes for therapeutic effects of SLIT visual analogue scale(VAS) score, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoreintra- and inter groups were assessed during different stage of treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years). Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS Compared with prior treatment, after the SLIT for 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, VAS scores, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoresof all the patients with allergic rhinitis are significantly decreased; Differences of rhinitis symptom scores(H=0.844, 4.153, 2.669, P>0.05), VAS score(H=1.356, 3.720, 0.313, P >0.05), medication scores(H=1.044, 5.841, 3.399, P>0.05) between groups had no statistical significance at different stage after treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years); The differences between 2 years and 1 year of SLIT treatment showed statistical significance in the VAS scores(Z=1.635, P =1.635). CONCLUSION SLIT with dust mites drops had good curative effect and security in patients with allergic rhinitis, which hadno obvious difference between different age groups.

Objective: To observe the role of rmh-TNF in enhancing the anti-angiogenesis effect of cisplatin on Lewis lung carcinoma in the mice.Methods: Lewis lung carcinoma model was established in C57BL/6 mice.Sixty model mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group,rmh-TNF group(1500000 U/kg),cisplatin group(6.15 mg/kg), and rmh-TNF plus cisplatin group.Twelve days after implantation of cancer cells,different drugs were injected intra- tumorallv for 3d.The expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)gene in the tumor was identified by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry(IHC)image analysis was performed to determine the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and kinase domain region receptor(KDR)expression and the microvessel density(MVD).Expression of matrix metallo- proteinase-2(MMP-2)was detected by flow cytometry.Results: The MVD values in the control group,the rmh-TNF group,the DDP group and the combination group were(24.76?1.28),(18.95?1.22),(19.53?1.15),(10.43?1.05),respectively,with those of the rmh-TNF and DDP groups significantly lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the combination group(all P

Cannula ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Duodenal Diseases ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/surgery*

The fine structure of enoxaparin sodium samples with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives were analyzed with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A further study of anticoagulation activity of enoxaparins was performed, including those on their inhibition activities of coagulation factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin (FIIa). The results showed that the anti-FXa and -FIIa activities of enoxaparins with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives (20.0%-39.7%) with similar structure characteristics, had decreasing tendency when the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives increased. Especially, the anti-FXa activity was sensitive to the change of the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives.
Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; Enoxaparin ; chemistry ; Factor Xa Inhibitors ; chemistry ; Thrombin ; antagonists & inhibitors