Angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia iS increasingly receiving attention.The expression of angiogenesis growth factor increases after cerebral ischemia.It promotes endothelial proliferation and neovascularization,and thus improves blood supply in ischemic regions and decreases the volume of infarction.The combination of exogenous angiogenesis growth factor.stem cell transplantation and therapeutic angiogenesis to promote angiogenesis was mainly achieved by promoting the expression of angiogenesis growth factor."Ihe further study of the mechanism of angiogenesis after ischernia will provide theoretical basis for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

Objective To study the reliability and validity of US School Social Behavior Scale at middle and primary school students in China. Methods Under the guidance of the psychologists,teachers of the primary and middle schools fill on the School Social Behavior Scale and to evaluate the social adaptability of their students. Totally 7516 subjects are interviewed. Results The Scale has pretty split-half reliability and internal consistency because all the split-half reliability coefficient and Cronbach’s ? coefficient of six dimensions and two subscales are above 0.9. Two common factors resulted by factor analysis can explain 93.60% of the total variance. The social adaptability of female,high-grade and good study achievement’s students is better than others. Therefore,the construct validity and discriminant validity are satisfactory. Conclusion The School Social Behavior Scale is applicable for social adaptability research of primary and middle school students in China.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and outcome of cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection in infants.Methods All data including time of infection,clinical characteristics,laboratory tests and outcome of CMV infections in hospitalized infants were collec-(ted) and analyzed from January,1994 to July,2004.Results In 87 infected infants,congenitally infected newborns,perinatal infection in infants and postnatal infection in infants accounted for 27.6%,62.0%,16.6%,respectively.CMV hepatitis was the most frequent type of disease with the incidence of 41.3%,in which the incidence of splenomegaly was 10.3%.Most of CMV hepatitis infants had a good prognosis with the improved rate 80.5%.Central nervous system abnormality(including abnormal intension of muscle,convulsion,ocular and hearing abnormalities) occurred only in congenital and perinatal infection with the incidence of 20.4%.Generalized infection,the incidence of congenital infection and perinatal infection was 16.7%,1.8%,respectively.It did not occur in postnatal infection.The mortality rate of congenital infection and perinatal infection were 12.5% and 1.85%,respectively.Conclusions CMV infection is the main cause of infant hepatitis and it can also cause neurologic sequelae.The outcome of generalized infection in congenital infection is bad and the mortality rate is high.

Objective To compare the effects of different opportunity internal fixation in treatment of trau-matic flail chest.Methods Clinical data of 53 cases of patients with traumatic flail chest were selected,in which 28 patients were given internal fixation treatment in 72h after injury (early surgery group),25 patients were given sur-gery after 72h(late surgery group),recovery situation(postoperative ventilation time,chest improve time,ICU stay time,extubation time,hospitalization time)of the two groups were observed,respiratory function changes and compli-cations were compared before and after treatment.Results Postoperative ventilation time,chest X -ray improvement time,ICU stay time,extubation time and hospitalization time of the early operation group were (27.4 ±4.8)h, (88.6 ±7.5)h,(3.8 ±0.7)d,(3.2 ±0.8)d,(13.2 ±5.0)d,which were significantly shorter in the late operation group of (40.7 ±5.2)h,(195.3 ±8.0)h,(5.6 ±1.4)d,(5.2 ±1.3)d,(19.8 ±6.4)d,with significant difference (t =7.389,11.204,3.837,3.916,5.261,all P <0.05 ).After treatment,PaO2 ,PaCO2 ,PaO2 /FiO2 ,RR and HR were all significantly improved (early surgery group t =12.497,6.205,4.136,7.381,14.327,all P <0.05;late sur-gery group t =11.976,5.813,4.649,6.892,14.627,all P <0.05),but the indexes between the two groups were not significantly different(t =0.126,0.013,0.002,0.010,0.215,all P >0.05 ).There was no dead case in the two groups,and the incidence of atelectasis,ARDS and thoracic deformity had no significantly different between two groups (P >0.05 ).Conclusion In treatment of traumatic flail chest,early surgical treatment can rapidly improve the respiratory and circulatory function,it can shorten the postoperative recovery time,and does not increase complica-tions.So,when conditions permit,patients should be given early surgical fixation.

Phospholipase D(PLD) is ubiquitous in bacteria,fungi,and mammal.In pathogenic microorganisms,PLD can be pathogenic determinant and play a role in spore generation.In mammalian cells,PLD functions in several signal transduction pathways,such as membrane transportation,mitosis regulation,and actin cytoskeleton regulation.In the process of pathogens invasion host cells,both of the pathogen and host cells’ PLD will be activated and a series of cascade reaction will be generated.During this process,pathogen’s PLD can regulate the polymerization and reorganization of its own actin filaments and induce the polymerization or reorganization of the host cell actin filaments near the foci,thus to promote the phagocytosis of the pathogen by host cell.Investigating the role of PLD activation in the infection will be significance for further understanding the molecular mechanism of pathogen-host cell interaction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of MRI follow-up in pediatric patients with spinal tuberculosis.

METHODSFrom February 2004 to April 2013, MRI imaging data in 21 children with spinal tuberculosis by pathologically and clinically proven were retrospectively analysed. There were 11 males and 10 males, with an average age of 9.4 years old ranging from 2 to 14 years old. Eighteen patients were received conservative treatment, 3 patients were treated by surgical operation. The course of disease ranged from 2 months to 3 years. All cases underwent two or more MRI examinations for follow-up. MRI findings of the first and second examination were comparatively analyzed,including signal changes of vertebral body and intervertebral, paraspinal abscess and the change of kyphosis angle.

RESULTSIn the 21 cases with tuberculosis, 85 vertebral bodies were affected in total, including 10.6%(9/85), 49.4%(42/85) and 40%(34/85) vertebral bodies separately in the cervical,thoracic, lumbosacral spine. Follow-up MRI showed vertebral body shape and signal had no obvious change during or after treatment, 15 cases with vertebral bodies changed flat or cuneate, 10 cases with disc involvement,and intervertebral space became narrowing at different level. Among 13 patients with kyphosis angle greater than 0°, 7 were located on thoracic, 2, 3, 1 were on thoracolumbar, lumbar and cervical spine, respectively. Among 18 cases with conservative treatment,kyphosis angle were 0° on the first and the follow up MRI of 8 patients. One case of mild (<10°) kyphosis,follow-up MRI during therapy showed the angle slightly increased; 5 cases with moderate (10° to 30°), follow-up MRI during therapy showed no obvious change; 4 cases with severe (>30°), follow-up MRI during and after therapy showed kyphosis increased in varying degrees.

CONCLUSIONFollow-up MRI can make a big difference in the spinal tuberculosis of children; it can clearly show the change of the vertebral body and intervertebral space, paraspinal abscess and the kyphosis angle after the treatment,which can provide reference for clinical treatment and estimating prognosis.

Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Monitoring ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; surgery

Objective To investigate the gender differences of coronary heart disease secondary prevention status in patients post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease from 31 tertiary hospitals were enrolled for a baseline survey. Medical history and laboratory tests were taken. Analysis was done for outpatient or inpatient with the history of at least one PCI treatment. Status of smoking cessation, weight management, blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L), and use of antiplatlet drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and statins were collected and compared. Results Women (n=1151) accounted for 25.4% of all PCI patients (n=4532). Proportion of female with history of smoking was signiifcantly lower than male, but the proportion of quitting was similar between female and male, 53%(n=98) vs. 53.7%(n=1344), P=0.849. The average body mass index, mean waist circumference and proportion of overweight were higher in man than women, P=0.000. However, the proportion of abdominal obesity in women is higher than men, 75.2%vs. 52.8%, P=0.000. More female were comorbid with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes than male and the differences were signiifcant, P=0.000. Control rate of blood pressure, LDL-C and fasting glucose were lower in women than in man, the differences were 66.2% vs 73.4% for blood pressure, 47.8%vs. 57.0%for LDL-C and 57.5%vs. 62.7%for fasting glucose, P=0.000. There was no signiifcant difference in medication usage between different genders. Conclusions In patients post pecutaneous coronary intervention, female patients had more risk factors than male while risk factor control rate was lower comparing with male. Medication usage for coronary heart disease secondary prevention was similar between different genders.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate biological characteristics of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore the possibility of hepatocyte-like cells differentiation.METHODS: The umbilical cord was provided by healthy term birth woman in Tianjin Third Central Hospital. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human umbilical cord by enzyme digestion method. Cells were passaged at 80%-90% confluent. The ninth passage of cells at a density of 5×10~(10)/L were seeded in 12-well culture plate and incubated with DMEM containing hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-4 and oncostatin for 28 days. Cell growth activity was detected by MTT method; cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry; surface immunological marker in MSC was detected by immunocytochemical stain and flow cytometry; specific surface phenotype of hepatocyte was detected by immunocytochemical staining. Function characteristic of hepatocyte was determined by staining for glycogen.RESULTS: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord and presented with fibroblastic morphology. 80% of cells were at G_0/G_1 phase with good growth activity and stably passaged over 20 times. These cells were positive for CD29, CD105, and Vimentin, but negative for CD34 and CD31. MSCs were induced to hepatocyte-1 ike cells that were positive for alpha fetoprotein, CK18, CK19 at 1 week and albumin at 3 weeks. At 4 weeks, induced cells were positive for glycogen staining.CONCLUSION: MSCs isolated from human umbilical cord can be cultured in a long periods time in vitro and are able to differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells.

BACKGROUND:Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) serve as a major cell source for smooth muscle cells,but the heterogeneity of cells derived from ESCs result in difficulty to obtain high purity smooth muscle cells.OBJECTIVE:To construct a double expression vector of puromycin resistance (pac) gene and enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene driven by smooth muscle specific SM22α promoter (pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP),in addition,to detect its availability and specificity in ESCs.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The observational experiment of gene level was performed at the Cardiovascular Institute,General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region from April 2007 to September 2008.MATERIALS:ESCs line R1 with number SCRC-1011TM was purchased from American ATCC Company.The pSM22α-EGFP vector was constructed by our laboratory.And the pIRES2-EGFP,pSM2C and pSuper.basic vectors were purchased from Invitrogen Company.METHODS:SM22α promoter was cloned from pSM22α-EGFP by polymerase chain reaction.CMV promoter of pIRES2-EGFP vector was replaced by SM22 promoter to establish pSM22α-IRES2-EGFP.Pac gene,excised from pSM2C by HindⅢ/Clal digestion,was sub-cloned into pSuper.basic to establish pSuper-PAC.After BgⅢ/Accl enzyme digestion of pSuper-PAC,pac gene fragment was obtained,which was further sub-cloned into pSM22α-IRES2-EGFP to produce pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP.ESCs were transfected with pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP using lipofectamine.Positive clones were selected by G418 and induced to differentiate and further identified by amplification of pac gene by RT-PCR.Differentiated cells were immunostained by SM α-actin,and expression of SM α-actin and EGFP was observed simultaneously under fluorescence microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Sequencing result of pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP;Amplification of pac gene;EGFP expression;as well as SM α-actin immunostaining.RESULTS:Three segments of 261 bp,664 bp,and 5000 bp were obtained by HindⅢ/Clal digestion,which was coincident with expectation,and the sequencing results showed that pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP vector was successfully constructed.Amplification of pac gene identified 4 ESCs clones successfully transfected.After induction of differentiation,partial portion of differentiated cells expressed EGFP,accompanied by positively stained by SM α-actin antibody.CONCLUSION:pSM22α-PAC-IRES2-EGFP vector was successfully constructed.ESCs clones transfected with this vector expressed pac gene and EGFP gene,and the expression of EGFP is smooth muscle specific.