Objective To study the therapeutically effect of rAAV-TIE model in vivo. Meth-ods Cell suspensions of T24 cells were injected into the subcutaneously of right scapular region of nude mice. The nude mice were raised under SPF condition and the xenograft tumor growth was ob-served. Bearing tumor nude mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: rAAV-MCS group, rAAV-Tk group, rAAV-ES group, rAAV-TIE group and control group. Four weeks later of treatment, the nude mice were sacrificed. The xenografts tumors were fixed for HE staining. The liver tissue and ne-phridial tissue were also fixed for HE stain. The blood sample and endostatin concentration was as-sayed by ELISA. Results After 3 weeks of injected with T24 cells on nude mice, 25 showed visible tumor on the injected location. The rate of tumor formation was 93%. After 9 days injected by rAAV-ES, rAAV-TK, rAAV-TIE, the tumor volume were: rAAV-ES group(0.75±0.08)cm3 , rAAV-TK group(0.71±0.11)cm3 , rAAV-TIE group(0.52±0.09)cm3 , rAAV-MCS group(1.27±0.13)cm3 and control group (1.24±0.17)cm3. The microvessel density in the different groups were as follow-ings: rAAV-ES group(18.72±2.53)/HP, rAAV-TK group(21.74±4.62)/HP, rAAV-TIE group (12.73±1.78)/HP, rAAV-MCS group(52.38±6.46)/HP and control group(49.94±7.17)/HP. The endostatin concentration in the diffcrent groups were as followings: rAAV ES group(38.52 6.53)μg/L and rAAV-TIE group(40.33±7.48)μg/L. HE staining confirmed the tumor. The liver tissue and kidncy tissue of each group had no obviously cell degeneration or necrosis. Conclusion The rAAV-TIE could inhibit tumor induced angiogenesis and suppress both the initiation and the subse-quent growth of human bladder cancer in nude mice model.

The mode of action of V-type organophosphate poisons on acetylcholinesterase has been studied. It shows that the leaving group of V-type poisons is dialkylamino-ethyl-thio radical,and the phosphonyla-ting site on the enzyme molecule is similar to that of the G-type poison soman, as shown by the competition experiments.

Objective To compare the diagnostic ability of triple-phase CT and multiple-phase dynamic MR for patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Triple-phase CT and multiple-phase dynamic MR scan were performed in 60 patients. Fifty-nine HCC lesions were confirmed in 39 patients. MR was performed with LAVA technique, the images included masks, dual-artery phases, dual-portal phases, dual-venous phases and delayed phase. Three observers separately evaluated the CT and MR imaging, and the results were compared with alternative-free-response ROC(AFROC)curve, the area under ROC (Az) was calculated to compare the diagnostic ability. Results The mean Az value of CT for the diagnosis of HCC was 0.8120±0.0118, of MR was 0.9093±0.0072 (P>0.05). In the group of HCC less than 1 cm in the diameter, the sensitivity of CT and MR was 63.89% and 80.55%(P＝0.013). In the groups HCCs of 1-3 cm and >3 cm, the sensitivity of CT and MR appeared no significant difference (P>0.05). Of all HCCs, the sensitivity of CT was lower than MR (83.62% vs 88.70%), but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The positive predict value (PPV) of CT was also lower than MR (93.07% vs 96.31%, P>0.05). Conclusion The diagnostic ability of multiple-phase dynamic-enhancement MR scan for HCCs is similar to that of triple-phase enhancement CT. For HCC less than 1 cm in diameter, dynamic-enhancement MR is superior to that of contrast-enhancement CT scan, while for the larger ones, the difference is not significant.

Objective To evaluate the detectability of dual-arterial phase of MRI and single-artery phase of CT scan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 39 patients with HCC underwent CT and MR scan, and 59 lesions of HCC were confirmed definitely. According to lesion size, the lesions were divided into 3 groups: >3 cm group (n=20), 1-3 cm group (n=27) and <1 cm group (n=12). CT was performed with 25 seconds delaying for artery phase. MR imaging was performed with liver accelerate volume acquisition (LAVA) technique, dual-artery phases included early artery phase of 17 seconds delaying and a mid-artery phase of 24 seconds delaying. The detectability of dual-artery phase of MR was compared with that of single-artery phase of CT. Results In <1 cm group, the sensitivity of CT single-artery phase images and MR dual-artery phase images in detecting HCC lesions was 50.00% (6/12) and 75.00% (9/12), respectively;the later showed a higher sensitivity (P=0.04). In groups of 1-3 cm and ＞3 cm, the sensitivity of the two technique had no statistical difference (66.67% vs 81.48% and 95.00% vs 95.00%). Conclusion For the detection of <1 cm HCC, dual-artery phase MRI has higher detectability than single artery phase enhancement CT.

Objective Adenosine receptor agonist NECA has a certain myocardial protection, but the specific mechanism is not clear.This paper aimed to study the effect and mechanism of NECA inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress to against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 56 Wistar rats of SPF grade were selected and divided into Sham group, I/R group, NECA group and TUDCA group through random number table method.We established the isolated rat heart ischemia reperfusion model by using the Langendorff device.Sham group: heart threaded but not ligated, Kerb-Henseleit buffer continuous infusion 170min;I/R group: heart stability 20min, ischemia 30min, reperfusion 2h;NECA group and TUDCA group: heart stability 20min, ischemia 30min, reperfusion 2h, perfusion solutions containing 0.1μmol/L NECA and 30μmol/L TUDCA were respectively given at 5min before reperfusion, and ended at 30min after reperfusion.Transmission electron microscope was used to evaluate alterations of the myocardial ultrastructures.Western blot analysis was used to detected the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress IREl-XBPl signaling pathway marker protein IRE1α, XBP1s.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of IRE1α.Results The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that most of the myofilament ruptured, sarcomere contracture deformation, visible mitochondrial vacuoles degeneration in I/R group, and injury in NECA group and TUDCA group were less than the I/R group, appeared as the filaments arranged more neat, sarcoma only had mild contracture.Immunohistochemical results showed that IRE1αpositive staining was not found in the sham group, and the area of positive staining of IRE1α in I/R group was significantly increased, while the NECA group and TUDCA group were significantly decreased.Compared to the Sham group, the expression level of IRE1α and XBP1s was significantly increased in I/R group(P<0.05);but compared with the expression level of IREα and XBP1s in I/R group(1.72±0.27, 0.97±0.19), the NECA group(1.14±0.16, 0.6±0.13) and the TUDCA(1.07±0.27, 0.58±0.15) group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion NECA can reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress through inhibiting IREl-XBPl pathway to protect the myocardium.

Objective To establish the biological reference interval of procalcitonin(PCT) applicable for children in Chongqing.Methods Serum PCT level were detected in 120 healthy children with age from 0 to 16 years, including 73 cases of male and 47cases of female children, by using by Maglumi2000 plus PCT analysis system.All data was evaluated according to EP28-A3c document to establish the biological reference interval.Results Data of PCT levels were with non-normal distribution, and without statistical difference between children of different ages and genders(P>0.05).The biological reference interval of PCT was less than or equal to 0.038 μg/L.Conclusion It might be important to establish a usefully biological reference interval in different laboratories with relative detection system, especially for children.

The clinical features of 17 patients with benign urachal masses and 30 patients with urachal carcinoma treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were analyzed retrospectively.Univariate analysis indicated that seven parameters differed significantly between the two groups.Binary logistic regression analyses showed that the rate of gross hematuria was significantly higher (P =0.042,Exp[B] =7.889) and the rate of fatty infiltration of the Retzius space was significantly lower (P =0.006,Exp[B] =0.028) in patients with urachal carcinoma than in those with benign urachal masses.Gross hematuria and fatty infiltration of the Retzius space may be indications of malignant and benign urachal masses,respectively.

White spot lesions (WSLs), due to enamel demineralization, occur frequently in orthodontic treatment. We recently developed a novel rechargeable dental composite containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) with long-term calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion release and caries-inhibiting capability. The objectives of this study were to develop the first NACP-rechargeable orthodontic cement and investigate the effects of recharge duration and frequency on the efficacy oftion re-release. The rechargeable cement consisted of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA). NACP was mixed into the resin at 40% by mass. Specimens were tested for orthodontic bracket shear bond strength (SBS) to enamel, Ca and P ion initial release, recharge and re-release. The new orthodontic cement exhibited an SBS similar to commercial orthodontic cement without CaP release (P>0.1). Specimens after one recharge treatment (e.g., 1 min immersion in recharge solution repeating three times in one day, referred to as"1 min 3 times") exhibited a substantial and continuous re-release of Ca and P ions for 14 days without further recharge. The ion re-release did not decrease with increasing the number of recharge/re-release cycles (P>0.1). The ion re-release concentrations at 14 days versus various recharge treatments were as follows:1 min 3 times>3 min 2 times>1 min 2 times>6 min 1 time>3 min 1 time>1 min 1 time. In conclusion, although previous studies have shown that NACP nanocomposite remineralized tooth lesions and inhibited caries, the present study developed the first orthodontic cement with Ca and P ion recharge and long-term release capability. This NACP-rechargeable orthodontic cement is a promising therapy to inhibit enamel demineralization and WSLs around orthodontic brackets.

Flammulin, an anti-tumor protein, was purified from the aqueous extract of basidiomes of Flammulina Velutipes. Purified flammulin emulsified with Freund's adjuvant was injected subcutaneously into New Zealand white rabbits. After several immune enhancements, these animals were bled and sera were separated. Antiserum against flammulin in Western blots were applied to determine if flammulin be present in the liquid state culture or fruiting body. The result showed that anti-flammulin serum could recognize the aqueous extract of fruiting body in SDS-PAGE gels under the reducing conditions, no flammulin was detected in mycelia of Flammulina Velutipes.

Objective:To develop and evaluate the improved Chinese hearing questionnaire for school children(CHQS)for mass epidemiology study on hearing impairment in China.Method:Using the probability proportion to size(PPS) method, 8 412 residents were investigated in 40 clusters in Jiangsu province with the WHO ear diseases and hearing disorders survey protocol.87.9% of the residents aged 7 years and over answered the questionnaire and accepted the pure tone audiometry.Result:The prevalence of hearing impairment was 12.9% by the questionnaire. Compared with golden standard(pure tone audiometry), Sen=58.5%, Spe=96.7%, PV+=78.9%, PV-=91.7%, overall accuracy=90.0% . The sensitivity for women was higher than men.Conclusion:The questionnaire produced high efficiency and specificity values.It could be used in mass hearing screening, particularly in remote and rural area, although the sensitivity was as low as most questionnaires.