BACKGROUND: We have paid more attention on the effects of growth factors on tendon healing and adhesion formation, especially on the correlation of transforming growth factor with tissue adhesion and scar formation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in the zone Ⅱ flexor tendon of wound-healing rabbit models. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University. MATERIALS: Sixty clean adult New Zealand white rabbits weighting 4.0-4.5 kg, of either sex, were provided by Qingdao Animal Experimental Center. Left forelimbs of each animal were as experimental side, and right forelimbs of each animal were as control. There were 6 time points, namely at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56, 10 rabbits in each time point. Of the 10 rabbits, 6 rabbits received the in situ hybridization and 4 rabbits received the immunohistochemical staining. Animal intervention met the animal ethical standard. METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Qingdao University from September 2005 to July 2006. After anesthesia, each rabbit underwent complete transection of the profundus middle flexor tendon in zone Ⅱ, and then the tendon was repaired by the Kessler method. Rabbits in the control group did not receive any intervention. Rabbits were anesthetized and killed 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days after the surgery. Skin was incised along the original incision at the experimental sides to obtain tendons and tendon sheaths. The same measurements were performed in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Tenocytes and tendon sheath cells were detected with the in situ hybridization and the immunohistochemical staining to observe the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1. RESULTS: Sixty rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①The in situ hybridization results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was increased at day 1 after tendon injury in the experimental group, reached a peak at days 14-21 after tendon injury, reduced at day 28 and was still in a high level at day 56. Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was high in tendon sheath cells around the repaired region. At the same time point, the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was higher in tendon sheath cells than in tenocytes. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was found in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells in the control group. The expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05). ②Immunohistochemical staining results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was elevated at day 1 after the surgery, reached the peak at days 14-21 and was still in a high level at day 56 in the experimental group. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: The normal uninjured tenocytes and tendon sheath cells produce transforming growth factor beta-1. The cytokine is activated in the injured tendon. The increase of this cytokine in both tenocytes and tendon sheath fibroblasts are coincidence with both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms for tendon repair.

In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer shows rising trend and higher mortality. Pancreatic cancer lacks early diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and the surgical resection rate is 10 %-20 % with high operation mortality, poor long-term curative effect and less than 5 %survival rate within 5 years. At present, researchers indicate that radiotherapy can improve the quality of life, increase tumor local control rate and prolong the overall survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer in different levels. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), as a functional imaging technology of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is the only way to react cell levels. This paper will summarize the application of DWI in radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

[Objective]To evaluate the effect of bone cement oscillator on increasing bone cement-bone interface binding intensity.[Method]Sixty fresh femoral bones of adult pig were randomly divided into experiment group and control group under the 30%,50%,70% ultimate shear strengh of the cement/bone.There were 10 samples in each subgroup.Mechanics test was performed by MTS-810 material testing machine,and the binding intensity of bone cement-bone interface in oscillating cement-bone interface binding intensity in experiment group was compared with control group.[Result]Mechanics test showed bone cement group were significantly stronger than control group under the 30%,50% ultimate shear strengh of the cement-bone(P 0.05).[Conclusion]Bone cement oscillator can increase binding intensity of bone-cement interface,and effectively reduce long-term aseptic loosening of artificial prostheses.

Objective: To explore the feasible methods for item selection of TCM syndrome scale.Methods:Elderly hypertension with syndrome of kidney qi deficiency was selected as example.The symptoms and signs of elderly hypertension patients were statistically analyzed with clinical epidemiological investigation on the basis of discussion among focus group and expert consultation.Six selection methods were used,such as correlation coefficient method,dispersion tendency method,factor analysis method,etc.Results:18 Items were selected in the end and constituted the preliminary scale of kidney qi deficiency of elderly hypertension.Conclusion:Only if combine subjective and objective selection methods,use kinds of proper statistical methods and master the scale of preserving items,can we acquire good reliability and validity of scale.

Zoonoses are a class of infectious diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. More than 200 known types of zoonoses have been reported across the world until now. Among 1 400 pathogens of human infectious diseases, approximately 61% are zoonotic origin, and 75% human emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses. These zoonoses pose a great threat to human and animal health and decrease livestock production. To effectively tackle the persistent challenges resulting from zoonoses, WHO collaborates with member governments, academia, non-governmental and charitable organizations, and regional and international partners to prevent and manage zoonotic threats and their public health, social and economic impacts. Although great success has been achieved in the management of zoonoses, there are still multiple challenges for zoonoses control in China due to environmental, climate, socioeconomic factors and antimicrobial resistance. Based on the One Health concept, the integration of modern biological, information, artificial intelligent and big data tools through multidisciplinary and multi-sectorial collaborations may facilitate the containment and elimination of zoonoses.

Objective To detect the levels of serum bilirubin and uric acid as well as their relationship with cognitive function in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD).Methods Serum direct bilirubin (DBIL),indirect bilirubin (IBIL),total bilirubin (TBIL),uric acid (UA) and vascular risk factors were analyzed in 238 individuals comprising 161 patients with SIVD and 77 controls with normal cognitive function.SIVD patients were divided into two subgroups:those with cognitive impairment (SVMCI) and those with dementia (SVaD).All of them were subject to the cognitive assessment including Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),the Cambridge Cognitive Examination-Chinese Version (CAMCOGC) and Clinical Demential Rating (CDR).Leukoaraiosis was graded according to the severity by their MRI scan appearances.Results MMSE and CAMCOG scores were significant lower in SVMCI and SVaD groups (17.9 ± 5.01,59.87 ± 12.89 ; 24.84 ± 1.57,83.66 ± 4.79) when compared to those in the controls (28.19 ± 1.03,91.66-± 4.93 ; Z =197.63,P =0.000 ; Z =186.54,P =0.000).In comparison with the controls,serum levels of DBIL,IBIL,and TBIL in SVaD group were significant lower ((2.85 ± 1.09) μmol/L vs (3.24 ± 1.30) iμmol/L; (7.50 ±3.27) μmol/L vs (9.06 ±3.52) μmol/L; (10.37 ±4.10) μ mol/L vs (12.31 ±4.64) μmol/L; P =0.035,P =0.005,P =0.006).Also,serum IBIL level was significant lower in SVMCI group compared to the controls ((7.86 ± 3.28) μmol/L vs (9.06 ± 3.52) μmol/L,P =0.034).While serum level of UA was significantly higher in SVMCI ((341.47 ± 92.80) μmol/L) and SVaD ((356.34 ±80.89) μmol/L) groups as compared to those in controls((310.52 ±79.85) μmol/L;P =0.025 ;P =0.001).The UA level was negatively correlated with MMSE scores and CAMCOG-C scores (r =-0.180,P =0.005; r =-0.203,P =0.002),while the bilirubin level was positively correlated with language (r =0.130,P =0.045) and recent memory (r =0.160,P =0.014) scores in CAMCOG-C.The UA level remained associated with MMSE after controlling for age,sex,education,hypertension,diabetes,smoking,and BMI (β =-0.121,P =0.044).While,after adjusting grading of a leukoaraiosis,UA has no significant association with MMSE.Conclusions The bilirubin level is decreased while the UA level is elevated in SIVD patients.The serum TBIL is negatively correlated with cognition dysfunction,while UA is strongly related to cognition dysfunction in SIVD patients.Cognitive dysfunction resulting from UA might have close association with leukoaraiosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of types of human papillomavirus(HPV)in cervical cancer Xinjiang Uyghur women.MethodsFrom june 2008 to April 2010,patients in the gynecological departmen of people's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,who was gidiagnosed cervical cancer and came from southern of Xinjiang.Cervical cells of these patients were collected,HPV genotyping DNA chip was used to detect HP-DNA of each collected sample.ResultsTotally 120 wommen were screened,the infecton rationof HPV was 95.8%(115/120).The positive rate of HPV-16 infection was 69.6%(80/115);other highrisk HPV infection rates were ranked from high to low as HPV-56,HPV-33,HPV-18,HPV-45,HPV-58,HPV-51,HPV-59,HPV-31,HPV-52,HPV-39,HPV-68,HPV-73,low-risk HPV infection rates were ranked from high to low as HPV-11,HPV-42,HPV-43,HPV-6.However,HPV-35,HPV-53,HPV-66,HPV83,HPV-MM4 and HPV-44 were not detected.Single infection of HPV16 or HPV56 was 53.9%(62/115)and 17.4(20/115)respectively,ultiple infection rate was 29.6%(34/115).ConclusionHPV-16 is the most common types in cervical cancer of Xinjiang Uyghur women.HPV56 maybe susceptible to the Xinjiang Uyghur women,reflecting the specificity of HPV infection in cervical cancer of Xinjiang Uygur women.It needs deep study to development a suitable HPV vaccines.

Objective To discuss how to use the core elements of international classification of functioning,disability and health(ICF) as a guide in stroke operation treatment to develop targeted,effective therapy plan and rehabilitation goals,establish individualized treatment of rehabilitation,and to observe the effect of limb movement function in stroke patients. Methods Sixty cases patients with stroke and aged from 40 to 65 years old were selected. The body function and structure of all stroke patients were marked by comprehensive evaluation scores of The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ( NIHSS ) and Fugl?Meyer assessment. And then they were randomly divided into two groups,30 cases in each group. The observation group used the Chinese version of brief ICF Core Sets for evaluation, and set individualized treatment according to the results of the assessment;The control group, according to the conventional rehabilitation process, involved in training routine physical therapy. Again 8 weeks after treatment for patients with evaluation,the assessment results was compared with the results of the first assessment. Results Before treatment, the NIHSS, Fugl?Meyer assessment and Chinese version of brief ICF core elements scale scores for the observation group were 7. 95±2. 37,34. 5±4. 0 and 82. 15±17. 96,for the control group were 7. 58±2. 25,34. 8±4. 0 and 81. 55±18. 78. After treatment,the above three rating scale scores, for the observation group were improved to 4. 78 ± 1. 63, 56. 3 ± 4. 2, 60. 45 ±11. 04,for the control group were improved to 5. 13±1. 75,48. 1±3. 8,73. 56±16. 89. The two groups were significantly improved ( observation group:t=4. 94, 15. 51, 18. 59, P<0. 05;control group:t=3. 17, 14. 66, 12. 33,P<0. 05). After treatment,compared with the control group of three rating scale scores(5. 13±1. 75,48. 1
±3. 8 and 73. 56±16. 89),the observation group(4. 78±1. 63,56. 3±4. 2 and 60. 45±11. 04) improved more apparently(t=3. 15,14. 54,15. 45,P<0. 05) . Conclusion Guided by the idea of ICF and scale,with the demand of the patients as the center,to develop personalized physical therapy,can achieve more productive and more targeted rehabilitation goals.

Objective To investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome and its components on imaging of brain impairment in subcortical ischemic vascular disease.Methods 120 patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) including 25 cases without metabolic syndrome,25 cases with the risk of metabolic syndrome,70 cases with metabolic syndrome.The diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome was the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ (NCEP-ATP Ⅲ).Brain MRI was assessed by the Scheltens scale,and divided into 3 regions:periventricular hyper intensities (PVH),leukoaraiosis (LA),basal ganglia hyper-intensities (BG).Results The assessment scores of PVH,LA,BG and Scheltens scores were higher in patients with the risk of metabolic syndrome and patient with metabolic syndrome than in patient without metabolic syndrome [(3.75±1.60),(4.21±1.09) us.(2.76±1.62),(10.67±5.26),(13.79±5.25) us.(6.36±3.93),(3.21±2.62),(6.90±4.25) us.(1.52±1.50),(17.62±8.32),(24.90±9.25)vs.(10.58± 5.89),respectively,all P＜0.05].Waist circumference had positive correlations with LA and Scheltens scores (r=0.185,P=0.046; r=0.488,P＜0.001).Positive correlation was found between triglyceride (TG) and LA,BG scores (r=0.188,P=0.042; r=0.311,P =0.001).The positive correlations of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) with LA,BG and Scheltens scores were found (r=0.235,P=0.011; r=0.229,P=0.013; r=0.206,P=0.027).High density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) was correlated negatively with LA,BG and Scheltens scores (r=-0.238,P=0.010;r=-0.189,P=0.042; r=-0.335,P＜0.001).The further multivariate linear regression analysis showed that IGT,HDL-C had significant correlations with LA assessment score (both P＜0.05),TG had significant correlation with BG assessment score (P＜0.05),and waist circumfernce,IGT,HDL-C had significant correlations with Scheltens scores (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Metabolic syndrome and its components correlate with the imagings of cerebral damage in SIVD.Abdominal obesity,TG,IGT,HDL-C are the important risk factors for SIVD.

Objective To study the Val247Leu and Trp316Ser polymorphisms of β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ(β2GPⅠ) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and their associations with antiphospholipid antibodies and thrombotic complications.Methods We used DNA sequencing to detect the polymorphisms of Val247Leu and Trp316Ser in 378 SLE patients and 240 normal controls.Anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibodies and anticardiolipin (ACA) were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Lupus-type anticoagulants(LAC) was performed by diluted Russell's Viper Venom Test.Then the patient group was further analyzed according to APLs (Anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody,LAC and ACA),thrombosis and obstetrical complications using Logistic regression analysis to confirm whether there are associations between β2GPⅠpolymorphism and those factors.Results For Va1247Leu,the predominant genotype was LL in healthy controls which accounted for 57.08％,while it was VL in SLE patients which accounted for 59.5％ (x2=45.01,P=0.000).Frequency of VV genotype was significantly higher in patients with thrombosis,anti-β2GP Ⅰ,ACA and obstetrical complications (OR=6.79,3.75,2.12 and 3.85,respectively;P=0.000,0.001,0.044 and 0.017,respectively).Those patients with VL genotype tended to have positive anti-β2GPI,LAC,ACA,thrombosis and also obstetrical complications (OR=2.95,1.88,2.47,2.97 and 2.74,respectively;P=0.000,0.007,0.000,0.001 and 0.016,respectively) than those negative ones.The predominant genotype of Trp316Ser was TT,then TS.No correlations could be found between Trp316Ser polymorphism and APLs,neither relation to thrombosis complications.Conclusion The polymorphism of Val247Leu is significantly associated with the presence of APLs,thrombosis and obstetrical complications.Both VV and VL genotype are risk factors for the generation of APLs,occurrence of thrombosis and obstetrical complications.The VV genotype is a high risk factor for thrombosis.Trp316Ser polymorphism does not contribute to the APLs production and also have no correlations with thrombotic complication.