Objectives To observe the expressions ofα-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) and type III collagen (Col-III) of tubuloin-terstitial ifbrosis(TIF) induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rat and the intervention effect of supplemental hydrogen sul-ifde (H2S). Methods Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, sham-operated group, UUO model group, NaHS low-dose group and high-dose group. TIF rat model was established via UUO. After UUO operation, low-dose and high-dose group were intraperitoneally injected twice a day with 1.4μmol/kg and 7.0μmol/kg NaHS, respectively. Sham-operated group and UUO model group were given an equivalent volume of normal saline. Eight rats in each group were killed randomly at 7, 14 and 21 days after UUO operation. The concentration of plasma H2S was detected using deproteinization. Renal tubulointerstitial damage was evaluated with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining under microscope. The expressions ofα-SMA, Col-III were measured with immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with sham-operated group, renal tubulointerstitial injury was severer in UUO model group and was alleviated after intervention of NaHS. There was signiifcant difference in tubulointerstitial injury among all groups (P<0.01), but no difference was found between high-dose and low-dose group. Exogenous H2S supplement could down-regu-late the expressions ofα-SMA and Col-III in renal tissues (P<0.05). There was no difference between high-dose and low-dose group in the expressions ofα-SMA and Col-III (P>0.05). Conclusions TIF induced by UUO is associated with decreased level of endogenous H2S. H2S supplementation can ameliorate the development of UUO-associated TIF in part through down-regulating the expressions ofα-SMA and Col-III in renal tissues. However, a dose dependent manner between the two doses of exogenous H2S supplementation was not observed.

Objective Tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF) is the most important marker reflecting the degree of renal function decline and prognosis and hydrogen sulfide ( H2 S) is crucial in maintaining normal renal function and many diseases of renal injury. The aim of the article was to investigate the effects of exogenous H2 S on the expressions of angiotensinⅡ ( AngⅡ) , proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Methods TIF rat model was built with UUO. Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham operation group, modelgroup, UUO+low-dose NaHS treatment group ( low dose group) and UUO+high-dose NaHS treatment group ( high dose group) ( n=24, respectively) . Rats in model group were treated with left-side ureteral obstruction and ureteral separation without obstruction was done in sham operation group. UUO rats in two treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with two different doses of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, donor of endogenous H2 S), respectively. HE and Massonstaining and immunohistochemical staining were performed at the 7 d, 14 d and 21 d, respectively. Results In sham operation group, the expressions of AngⅡ, PCNA, and TGF-β1 were found in microamount in tubulointerstitium at each time points. Compared with sham operation group, the expressions of AngⅡ, PCNA and TGF-β1 in model group increased( P<0.01) . While in comparison to model group, the expressions of AngⅡ, PCNA and TGF-β1 decreased in low dose group and high dose group, but no significant differ-ence was found between low dose group and high dose group. Conclusion Exogenous H2 S supplementation can attenuate TIF partly via downregulating the expressions of AngⅡ, PCNA and TGF-β1 .

Internal drainage of the biliary tract such as choledocho-duodenostomy or Roux-en-y choledocho-jejunostomy is a common operation for the treatment of primary choledocholithiasis and biliary stricture. Though these operations can creat a good drainage, serious reflux cholangitis is frequently resulted. In order to prevent this tiresome complication, the authors have designed a new operative procedure: a loop of jejunum is isolated and an artificial papilla is made on its distal end, then its proximal end is joined to the bile duct and its distal end with the artificial papilla is inserted into the duodenum and the two parts are sutured up.This paper is to report this operative method in detail and our experience with 11 cases. After operation, no reflux of the intestinal content into the interposed jejunal loop was found and barium meal could demonstrate reflux of the contrast medium only in one case out of the 11. Ten cases were followed up from 4 to 18 months and excellent results were observed. It proves that this operative procedure can prevent the reflux of chyme into the biliary tract.Interposed jejunal loop with an artificial papilla is more physiological than Roux-en-y choledochojejunostomy since bile can flow through the interposed jejunum loop into duodenum to mix with the pancreatic fluid and the chyme, which is helpful to better digestion.

Objective To preparation a new cationic liposome of which the positive component is a new cytofectin as a gene delivery vehicle for laboratory research of gene transfection and gene therapy in lung diseases. Methods The new cationic liposome was prepared by film. Electron microscopy and gel electrophoresis were employed to define the condition for transfection. The prepared cationic liposome was used in the transfection of a fluorescence plasmid to lung cancer cell line SPC and the rate of the transfection was evaluated. Results The prepared new cationic liposome was global microcapsule in size of 100 nm-1 ?m. The highest transfection rate of 60% was attained when the liposome was in a ratio of (6-8)∶1 with plasmid. Conclusion The new cationic liposome is prepared with cytofectin N 4-spermine cholesteryl carbamate as its positive component, and sound transfection activity is observed under a certain circumstance. It provides a basis for gene transfection and gene therapy.

Objective To discovery the difference about TCM constitution between urban and rural area from the survey results performed in 2 communities of Beijing. Methods 9 standard survey scales of Chinese Medicine Constitution and four diagnostic methods of TCM were performed to identify body constitution of 161 people whose age are almost 64 years; The distribution of total constitution and the constitution distribution of same sex were further analyzed. Results The distribution of 9 TCM body constitution were different between town and country, the gentleness type distribution in country was lower than city (24.68%, 51.19%) ; Qi-depression type distribution was significant higher in country than city (44.16%,5.95%) . Conclusion Most of people in the country were yang-deficiency type and qi-depression type body constitution, the distribution of which affected by gender and age, etc.

Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate based on current evidence.Methods We searched Pubmed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Database from the establishment to October 2016 for the published literature on the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate with solifenacin.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then,meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 621 patients were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with the no-solifenacin group(n=311),the numbers of bladder spasm episodes[MD=-1.38,95%CI(-1.97,-0.97)P<0.00001],duration of bladder spasm[MD=-0.26,95%CI(-0.41,-0.11),P=0.0008],the time of bladder perfusion clearance[MD=-0.59,95%CI(-0.88,-0.29),P<0.0001],indwelling catheter delivery[MD=-0.29,95%CI(-0.48,-0.11),P=0.09]in solifenacin group(n=310) reduced significantly,and there was no statistical difference in the incidence of overall adverse events between the two groups[RR=0.71,95%CI(0.17,2.98),P=0.64].Conclusion Current evidence indicates that solifenacin is more effective and safe in the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate.Due to the limited quantity and quality of the include studies,more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Objective: To study the effects of different pretreatment methods and culture temperatures on Seed Germination and seedling growth of Bupleurum chinense, in order to provide scientific basis for artificial cultivation of B. chinense. Methods: Several physiological indexes such as the weight, pure rate, content of moisture, the rate of water absorption per thousand seeds were measured. Adopting a double-layer filter paper culture method, the pretreated seeds were cultured in the incubator at 20 ℃ in the 40% light. In different culture temperature treatment groups, the seeds were soaked in distilled water 24 h and then cultured in the corresponding temperature incubator. The germination energy, germination percentage, germination index, vigor index of seeds, and the root length and the shoot height of the seedling were recorded. Results: The pure rate of seeds was 91.51%, the weight of one thousand seeds was (2.83 ± 0.03) g and the weight of seed after absorbing water was about 2.24 times more than the weight of naturally dried seed. The content of moisture of seeds was 7.3%. Different hormones had different effects on seeds, among them the effect of 0.6 mg/L 6-BA treatment was the best. Water bath could increase the seedling vigor index, and 40 ℃ of its temperature significantly promoted the seed germination and seedling growth. The germination rate of seeds was the highest under the condition of 15 ℃, but the root length and seedling height were lower. Conclusion: The suitable condition for seed pretreatment and culture temperature of B. chinense established in this research can effectively improve the germination rate and seedling rate, which is of great significance for seed breeding and artificial cultivation of B. chinense.

Bupleuri Chinensis Radix, as traditional Chinese medicine, has great use amount in the past dynasties, and the amount of the existing wild resources is not enough to provide market demand. In order to protect the wild resources and expand the source of medicinal materials, the research on the chemical composition, pharmacological action, clinical application and other aspects of Bupleuri Chinensis Radix and other plants in the same genus have been widely carried out. The paper reviews the study of medicinal plant resources of Bupleurum L. in China from the distribution and species, chemical composition of medicinal parts, resources protection and utilization of Bupleurum L. medicinal plants, etc, to provide new clues for Bupleurum L. resources development.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of modified early warning score (MEWS) and SMART-COP score on mechanical ventilation in patients with severe influenza A H1N1. Methods Fifty cases diagnosed with severe influenza A H1N1 were retrospectively analyzed. The MEWS and SMART-COP score were calculated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was evaluated using ROC curve. MEWS, SMART-COP score and AUC were analyzed by Z test. Results The AUCs of MEWS and SMART-COP score for predicting mechanical ventilation were 0. 923 and 0. 889, respectively, which were not significantly different (Z=0. 548, P =0. 584).Conclusion Both of MEWS and SMART-COP score are predictive factors of mechanical ventilation in the patients with severe influenza A H1N1.