Objective To investigate the changes of laminin(LN) and fibronectin(FN) expressions in atypical hyperplasia and breast cancer. Methods LN and FN expressions in normal breast tissue, tissues from grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ atypical hyperplasia and breast cancer were detected by means of S P immunohistochemical staining method. Results In normal breast tissue, LN expression was found only in basement membrane, but FN expression in basement membrane and matrix. In gradeⅠ hyperplasia, LN expression was found in basement membrane and epithelium, but FN expression was similar to that in normal tissue. In grade Ⅱhyperplasia, more LN expression was found in epithelium, but FN expression in epithelium and matrix. In grade Ⅲ hyperplasia, LN expression increased significantly in matrix and decreased significantly in epithelium as compared with those in grade Ⅱ( P

Objective To explore the role of platelet activating factor(PAF) and its receptor in portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Methods A model of hepatic cirrhosis was replicated in rat by intraperitoneal injection of CCL 4 for 8 weeks. The blood and hepatic PAF and PAF receptors contents were assayed with ELISA, RT-PCR and saturation binding technique. Results Compared with control rats, cirrhotic rats had higher hepatic PAF levels, hepatic PAF output, and plasma PAF levels, which were increased by 44%, 87.7% and 54.5%(P

Objective To investigate the effects of extracellular ATP on the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury in rats.Methods Twenty healthy adult rats were randomly divided into two groups after contusion injury was performed by the weight drop method at T10 with Allen impactor.Group A(ATP group) and group B(control group) each had ten rats.At days 1,3,7,14 and 28 after injury,the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury in rats was assessed with modified Tarlov scores and slanting board test.Results Modified Tarlov scores and slanting board test were better in group A than in group B after spinal cord injury in rats.Significant difference was found in modified Tarlov scores and slanting board test between the two groups at days 14 and 28 after injury(P

The paper analyzes the overall evolutionary context of the situations of anti-diabetic drug patent applicants at home and abroad and conducts comparative analysis of the main patent applicants,etc.by making use of the patent analysis method and combining pharmaceutical knowledge.Relevant research results can be taken as the references for domestic pharmaceutical enterprises to make patent strategies and evaluate competitors.

Objective To examine the relationships between the level of serum visfatin and obesity,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)in children and adolescents. Methods Serum visfatin levels of 106 obese children/adolescents (including 49 non-NAFLD children and adolescents and 57 NAFLD children/adolescents in which consisting of 42 mild ones,15 moderate-to-severe ones)with another 69 lean children/adolescents as their controls,were examined by indirect sandwich ELISA.Results When comparing the serum visfatin levels,there was no significant difference noticed between the obese group ( 1.71 ± 0.37) ng/ml and the lean group ( 1.75 ± 0.37) ng/ml (P=0.455).With the severity of NAFLD,the serum visfatin level showed an elevation in obese children and adolescents [ obese without NAFLD ( 1.59 ± 0.36) ng/ml,obese with mild NAFLD ( 1.74 ± 0.36) ng/ml,obese with moderate-to-severe NAFLD (1.97 ± 0.36) ng/ml,P＜0.05].In the obese group,serum visfatin levels seemed to be related to age (^β=-0.326,P=0.000),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (^β =0.286,P=0.004) and the degree of NAFLD (^β =0.246,P＝0.014).Conclusion The level of serum visfatin was related to non-alcoholic fatty liver in obese children and adolescent.

Objective To measure the setup errors of patients with esophageal carcinoma during the treatment of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), and to analyze the impact of setup errors on dose distribution of GTV,CTV and normal tissues around. Methods Forty-two patients with esophageal cancer treated by 3DCRT were included. The setup errors of each patient were measured once a week for 6 times by electronic portal imaging device (EPID). The setup errors were integrated into the treatment plan-ning system by moving the isocenter. Then the dose distribution of GTV, CTV and normal tissues were recal-culated. Results The systematic setup errors of the 42 patients were - 2.31 mm, - 0.55 mm and - 0.16 mm, and the random errors were 4.42 mm, 4.35 mm and 4.48 mm in the directions of lef-fight, anterior-posterior,and superior-inferior, respectively. The dose covered 95% GTV( D95 ) was reduced by 32 cGy and by 88 cGy for CTV D95. The lung V20 in the original plan and the integrated plan was 22.49% and 22.02%, respectively. The average dose of the heart in the two plans was 2077.62 cGy and 2036.23 cGy, respectively. In the original plan, no patient had maximum dose of spinal cord over 4500 cGy; While in the intergrated plan there were 18 patients had the spinal cord dose more than 4500 cGy, with a maximum dose of 5503.90 cGy. Conclusions The setup errors cause significant dose reduction of GTV and CTV, but not of the lung and heart . The maximum dose of the spinal cord may exceed 4500 cGy due to the setup errors.

AIM: To investigate the effect of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on the proliferation and differentiation of murine corneal epithelial cells in vitro.METHODS: Mouse corneal epithelial cells(MCEs) were cultured in serum-free low-Ca2+ medium(KSFM) and KSFM supplemented with 100mL/L FBS, respectively. Population doublings (PDs) were determined. The expressions of corneal epithelial cell markers p63, keratin 19 (K19) and involucrin were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS: Cells in KSFM were stably subcultured over 25 passages; however, none of the cell lines could pass P3 in KSFM with FBS. In KSFM, the cells showed typical cobblestone appearance and expressed p63, K19 and involucrin. After medium was supplemented with FBS, cells became homogeneous, large and squamous. Furthermore, both RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses showed that the expression of involucrin was increased significantly.CONCLUSION: FBS has effects of inhibiting proliferation and triggering differentiation of MCEs.

AIM:To investigate the roles of feeder cells ln stratification of murine corneal epithelial cells and build an ideal method to engineer stratified epithelial sheet.METHODS:Using contact feeder culture,separated feeder culture,compound feeder culture and culture without feeder cells by Air-lifting method in Transwell chamber culture system,tissue engineered corneal epithelium was reconstructed.Corneal sheets were stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)for histological observation.The expression of p63 and keratin 19(K19)and involucrin(IVL)was investigated by immunocytochemistry analysis.RESULTS:Stratification was limited to three to four layers in the contact feeder group,whereas separate feeder sheets were slightly more stratified.The compound feeder group produced a stratified epithelium with five to seven layers of cells.The group without 3T3 feeder cells formed only two to three layers of cells.Immunostaining images in the compound feeder group showed expression of progenitor markers p63 and K19 in the basal and suprabasal layer,as well as differentiation marker involucrin in all layers.CONCLUSION:The remarkable stratification as well as the Iimbal phenotype makes the compound feeder system a candidate tool for cultivating transplantable epithelial sheets.

AIM:To evaluate the recovery about the visual cortex function of stereopsis in anisometropic amblyopia after regular amblyopia treatment 6, 12 and 18mo with blood oxygenation level dependent - function magnetic resonance imaging techniques ( BOLD-fMRI) .
METHODS: In this study, self-controlled study before and after treatment was used, and blocks-designed fMRI was performed on 11 children which was the first phase of research for amblyopic treatment. Functional MRI data were processed by using SPM8 which based on the Matlab 7. 12. 0. 635. Through the hypothesis drive method, the differences range of activated area in each group were compared by before and after amblyopia treatment matched t-test.
RESULTS: The functional area that was left occipital lobe (BA18), middle occipital gyrus (BA19), limbic lobe (BA19), lingualis gyrus of the right occipital lobe (BA17) and the bilateral parietal lobe ( BA7 ) expanded after amblyopia treatment 6, 12mo, compared those treatment phase, mean t value was 1. 5762, 1. 6856 respectively (P<0. 001). However, the difference of activated intensity was lower after 18mo, mean t value was 1. 1473 (0. 001 CONCLUSION: In children anisometropic amblyopia, the speed of function reconstruction about visual cortical functional mediating stereopsis increase slowly after amblyopia treatment 1a.

Objective To study the relationship between the intervals of Mitomycin C treatment and cytotoxicity, apoptosis and drug resistance for bladder cancer cells.Methods The bladder transitional cell cancer line BIU-87 was treated for two hours every time for five times with intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively.Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT.p53,bcl-2,Bax and p170 expression were analyzed by Western blot.Results The IC_(50)(?g/ml)were 4.41,0.71,2.83,4.51and 6.16 with treatment intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively, p53 and bcl-2 were significantly down-regulated and bcl-2/Bax was re- duced at 24 hour treatment interval but not changed at 48,72 and 96 hour intervals,p170 was not detected at 24 hour treatment interval but increasingly expressed at 48,72 and 96 hours intervals.Conclusion The in- terval of Mitomycin C treatment is closely related with cytotoxieity and apoptosis and drug resistance of blad- der cancer cells.The intervals of intravesical instillations may play an important role in the effect of chemotherapy.