Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) is a new anti-tumor biological agents which is very hot in recent years through its death receptor-induced apoptosis of tumor cells,and non-toxic to normal cells,and has synergy with the chemotherapy drug,but there is also resistance mechanisms.This article will review the biological characteristics of TRAIL and its receptors,TRAIL-induced apoptosis of tumor cells,as well as the mechanism of TRAIL in leukemia in the progress of treatment.

Objective To study the association between hURAT1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and primary hyperuricemia(HUA). Methods A total of 215 patients with HUA and 323 healthy subjects were chosen to investigate SNP of hURAT1. Exon 2 to 4 and flanking introns of the hURAT1 gene in patients and control individuals were screened with PCR. The relationship between SNP of hURAT1 gene with HUA was studied with statistical analysis. Results The frequency of AA/AG genotype was significantly increased in HUA patients as compared with that in healthy controls( 11.6% vs 3.7% ,P =3.81 × 10-4). Allele A of hURAT1 intron 3, 11 G ＞A was found significantly higher in the group of HUA patients, being detected in 6.0% of the HUA patients alleles and in 1.9% of the healthy control alleles (P =2.66 × 10-5 ). Those carrying the low frequency AA/AG genotype had a risk effect on the morbidity of HUA and the odds ratio for the HUA patients versus controls was 3.41 with AA/AG genotype versus GG genotype( OR = 3.41,95% CI = 1.67 - 6.95 ). The HT4 haplotype, which carried the intron 3,11A allele, was associated with a significantly increased risk of HUA(69.44% vs 30.56% ,P ＜ 0.001). Conclusion The SNP of 11G ＞A in the intron 3 of hURAT1 gene was apparently associated with HUA, thus suggesting the genetic effect of hURAT1 gene in the pathogenesis of HUA.

Objective To investigate the impact of compliance and quality of life of psychological intervention for cancer patients and their primary caregivers,as well as the correlation between the psychological issues of patients and their primary caregivers.Methods The enrolled patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.The patients in intervention group were given to standardize anti-tumor therapy,while the patients and their primary caregivers were given psychological intervention once a week.The patients in the control group only received standard anti-tumor therapy.By TDL determination of quality of life,anxiety rating scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS),in front of the psychological intervention after 8 weeks of intervention,the two groups of patients and their primary caregivers were questionnaired,and recorded the completion of the treatment plan.By SPSS 12.0 software,the statistics were completed.Results 51 cases in intervention group and 38 cases in control group were able to complete the number of people expected to treat there was a statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).TDL determination and quality of life scores in intervention group patients and their primary caregivers were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).SAS and SDS score in intervention group patients and their primary caregivers were significantly lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The effective psychological intervention to cancer patients and their primary caregivers during the treatment of patients could improve the compliance of cancer patients,the quality of life of cancer patients and their primary caregivers.The psychological problems between the patients and primary caregivers are positive correlation.

Objective To investigate the influence of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) antibody and VLA-4 antibody combined with VP_(16) in vitro on childhood leukemic cells' apoptosis and explore the protection of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) upon leukemic cells and its related mechanisms. Methods Leukemic bone marrow stromal cells were isolated by human lymphocyte separation medium and in vitro culture of BMSC (adherent) and leukemia cells (suspended) BMSC+leukemic cells group were as control. Then VLA-4 antibody and/or VP_(16) were added respectively to VLA-4 antibody group, VP_(16) group and VLA-4 antibody combined with VP_(16) group to detect the apoptosis of leukemic cells in different groups through Annexin V-FITC double-labeled flow cytometry and the expression of Survivin, bcl-2 genes in each group of leukemic cells detected by RT-PCR. Results The results showed by flow cytometry that compared with the control groups, for 12 h or 24 h, the early and total apoptosis rates of leukemic cells of the three experimental groups were significantly increased(P <0.05); the early and total apoptosis rates of leukemic cells treated with VLA-4 antibody combined with VP_(16) group was markedly increased, compared with the control group (P <0.05); the comparison of the early and total apoptosis rates for the three experimental groups between 12 h and 24 h was significantly different (P<0.01). Moreover, RT-PCR results showed that the expression of Survivin and bcl-2 genes of leukemic cells in three experimental groups was reduced in varying degrees and the reduction of VLA-4 antibody combined with VP_(16) group was the most obvious. Conclusion BMSC plays a protective role on leukemic cells, and VLA-4 antibody can block the adhesion between BMSC and leukemic cells promoting leukemic cells apoptosis and enhance the sensibility of apoptosis of leukemic cells induced by chemotherapeutics.

Objective To explore gene polymorphism of the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong, and thus to investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of IL-1β and gout. Methods A total of 208 gout patients and 210 healthy controls were enrolled. The possible association between the polymorphism of IL-1 β -3 1C/T and gout in Chinese were investigated and genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies was calculated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Hardy-Weinberg was used to verify the representativeness of the sample. Comparisons between the groups were performed with χ2 test and t-test. Results The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 32.7%, 43.3% and 24.0%,respectively among gout patients, while they were 31.9%,46.2% and 21.9%, respectively among the controls.There was no statistically difference in IL-1β -31C/T genotype frequencies between gout patients and controls (χ2=0.427, P>0.05). The allele frequencies of C and T in gout cases were different from those in the controls (54.3%, 55.0%; 45.7%, 45.0%; χ2=0.038, P>0.05). Moreover, no association between IL- I β-31 C/T genotypes and risk factors for gout were observed in gout cases by χ2 test. Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that the C/T genotype of rs1143627 in the promoter of IL-1β gene is not associated with gout in male population living in the coastal area of Shandong.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between sternum protection and bone marrow suppression in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Methods Total of 98 postoperative patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into experimental group (52 cases) and control group (46 cases). All patients were given intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with the dose of 50-50.4 Gy. The patients in experimental group were irradiated by 6 fields (4-fields in front, 2-fields behind) which were crossed to avoid direct exposure to the sternum. The patients in control group were irradiated by 5 fields (3-fields in front, 2-fields behind) with front-middle of the field passing through the sternum. Concurrently all patients received 2 cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy. Results Dmean, V20 and V30 of the sternum in the experimental group were (20.21 ±3.60) Gy, (40.78 ±7.19) % and (33.78 ±9.44) %, which were lower than those in the control group [(30.91±5.21) Gy, (81.01±4.81) %, (51.60±6.84) %], respectively (P<0.05). However, the volume and dose distribution of lung, spinal cord and heart were similar between the two groups (P> 0.05). Both the incidence rates of bone marrow suppression at 14th day and 35th day after radiotherapy were significantly higher in the control group (52.2%, 73.9%) than those in the experimental group (28.8 %, 50.0 %) (P< 0.05), and the incidence rate of bone marrow suppression at 7th day after radiotherapy was similar between the two groups. Conclusion Protecting and sketching for sternum in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma can reduce the incidence of bone marrow suppression effectively, which would not increase the radiation dose in the lung, heart and spinal cord.

Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction/complications* ; Ileus/etiology* ; Abdominal Injuries/complications*

The stable and controllable quality of decoction pieces is an important factor to ensure the efficacy of clinical medicine. Considering the dilemma that the existing standardization of processing mode cannot effectively eliminate the variability of quality raw ingredients, and ensure the stability between different batches, we first propose a new strategy for Chinese medicine processing technologies that coupled with individuation processed and cybernetics. In order to explain this thinking, an individual study case about different grades aconite is provided. We hope this strategy could better serve for clinical medicine, and promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine processing skills and theories.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Cybernetics ; standards ; Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; toxicity ; Humans ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the purification technology of total alkaloid from the flos of Aconitum kusnezoffii. METH-ODS:The content of total alkaloid from the flos of A. kusnezoffii was determined by acid-base titration. The purification technology of total alkaloid from the flos of A. kusnezoffii was optimized by ion resin with resin type,mass concentration of loading liquid and exchange speed as factors,maximum adsorption quantity,desorption rate and mass fraction of total alkaloid as index,and verifica-tion test was conducted. RESULTS:The optimal purification technology was as follows as type 732 cation exchange resin,mass concentration of loading liquid 0.32 g/L,exchange speed of 7 column volume(BV)/h. In validation test,the content of total alka-loid was 86.88%(RSD=0.52%,n=3),and desorption rate was 92.81%(RSD=0.40%,n=3)averagely. The extraction trans-port rate of total alkaloid from 3 batches of the flos of A. kusnezoffii was 81.76% and purification transport rate was 89.47% in av-erage. CONCLUSIONS:The established method is stable and feasible,and shows high transport rate.

Objective:To evaluate the quality status of lithium carbonate tablets and lithium carbonate sustained-release tablets. Methods:The samples were examined in accordance with the statutory standard,and the exploratory studies were carried out. The results were statistically analyzed. Results:In accordance with the statutory standard,among 120 batches of samples, only one was unqualified in dissolution,and the others were qualified. The qualified rate was 99. 2% . Conclusion:The quality of the most products meets the current standard and the quality evaluation standard needs to be improved.