Electronic Health Records ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Odontodysplasia

Objective To evaluate the endothelial function in diabetic patients by high resolution sonography. Methods The intima-media thicknesses (IMT) of the bilateral carotid artery, femoral artery and the iliac artery of 22 elderly patients and 142 non-elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 20 elderly and 20 non-elderly healthy persons were measured. The changes of the diameter of brachial artery were determined by measuring the diameter of brachial artery during reactive hyperemia and after sublingual nitroglycerin. Results The increased percentage of the brachial artery diameter under reactive hyperemia was significantly lower in elderly patients with DM (10. 03?6. 39)% than that in the elderly healthy control (15. 87?4. 79)% (P 0. 05). The IMT in elderly patients with early-stage DM incrassated significantly(P

Objective To explore the mechanism of endotoxemic injury in kidneys and protective effect of dexamethasone on renal cells.Methods Fifty-four eighteen-day Wistar rats were divided into control,endotoxemic(LPS)and dexamethasone groups randomly,18 rats in every group.Rats in control group were injected intraperitoneally with the same volume(0.1 mL)of 9 g/L sodium chloride as other two groups.All rats in LPS group were injected with a single bolus of LPS(4 mg/kg).The rats in dexamethasone group received LPS(4 mg/kg)and dexamethasone(5 mg/kg).Then they were sacrificed at 6,24 and 72 hours after injection.The ultrastructure was observed by electron microscope.Results In LPS group,glomerular basement membrane became thick and foot processes had coalescent partly,mitochondrial cristae became dissolved in proximal tubular endothelial cells and microvillus of distal tubular diminished at 6,24 hours after LPS injection.The morphological changes of apoptosis were found in the proximal tubular at 72 hours after LPS injection.These changes were in dexamethasone group.Conclusion Apoptosis participates in LPS injury of kidneys and dexamethasone have protective effect on injuried renal cells.

Objective To investiagte the serum adiponectin concentration in preeclampsia and its relationship with serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels.Method The level of adiponectin,leptin and soluble leptin receptor in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in 38 patients with preeclampsia and 42 patients as control.The relationship of free leptin index(leptin/soluble leptin receptor) to preeclampsia was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in maternal age,gestational age and body mass index(BMI)between two groups.But the gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in preeclampsia than in control.The patients with preeclampsia had significantly higher levels of serum adiponectin, leptin and free leptin index(1691.7?g/ml,37.5 ng/ml and 0.95 respectively)than the control(689.4?g/ml, 19.3 ag/ml and 0.49,respectively).But there was no significant difference in serum level of soluble leptin receptor between the groups(35.0 ng/ml vs 42.2 ng/ml).Serum adiponectin was not significantly correlated with the level of leptin,soluble leptin receptor and free leptin index.Area of serum adiponectin,leptin and free leptin index in preeclampsia under the ROC curve were less than 0.5.Conclusions The patients with preeclampsia have paradoxical higher serum levels of adiponecfin and more bioavailability of leptin,suggesting these may be important factom of this complication.

Evaluation of the permeability mainly focuses on intestinal absorption in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). It is more complicated that the absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment in biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) compared with single component environment, which needs suitable mathematical models to be described. Therefore, with full consideration of existing single component mathematical algorithm combining with the characteristics of intestinal absorption and metabolism, we explored and designed a new mathematical algorithm of intestinal absorption and metabolism of multicomponent drug. Then we put forward a new coefficient, P (influence), the relative change rate of the single component's intestinal absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment compared with single component environment, which described the influences of intestinal absorption and metabolism of the component under multicomponent environment. Moreover, P (influence) highlights the distinctive characteristics of multicomponent drug's intestinal absorption and metabolism, and lays the foundation for the construction of CMMBCS.
Algorithms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Theoretical ; Solubility

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in patients with allergic asthma in order to provide reliable evidence for clinical application of SLIT.Methods To search published articles of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in allergic asthma from CNKI,WANFANG,Pubmed and Medline databases.The methodological quality of trials was assessed by Jadadscale.The heterogeneity was examined by using Stata 11.0 software.Fixed effect model or random effect model was used to pool the data.The articles which could not be pooled were carried out by descriptive analysis.The Egger's and Begg's test were used to evaluate the publication bias.Results There were total 6 RCTs included in this text.Compared with control group,SLIT could significantly reduce asthma symptom scores (SMD =-0.89,95％ CI-1.36--0.43,P =0.000) and asthma medication scores (SMD =-4.53,95％CI-6.97--2.08,P =0.000),but not forced expiratory volume (FEV1) of lung function (SMD =0.19,95％ CI-0.02-0.41,P =0.078),neither serum sIgE levels (SMD =0.05,95％ CI -0.58-0.69,P =0.870).There were no obvious adverse events reported after treatment of SLIT.No publication bias were indicated by Egger's and Begg's tests.Conclusion SLIT significantly reduces asthma symptom scores and medication scores,suggesting that SLIT is a safe and effective approach of immunotherapy.However,it still needs more highly qualified studies of RCTs to prove.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection into detrusor to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods A total of 78 patients with SCI were treated with transurethral injection of BTX-A (300 IU dissolved in 15 ml of saline) into 30 different points of detrusor with 15 ml in every patients. Urodynamic parameters and voiding diary were assessed at baseline and 3 weeks and 3 months after the injections. Adverse events were recorded after the injection if present.Results After the first injection, 78 patients showed that the mean frequencies of incontinence decreased from 13.5 to 2.7 times per day, the mean volume of intermittent catheterization (IC) increased from 131 ml to 389 ml per time, the mean volume of incontinence decreased from 1 690 ml to 281 ml per day, the mean getting effect time was 7.6 days. 10 patients received second injection at 8.9 months after first injection, the results showed that the mean frequencies of incontinence decreased from 9.7 to 3.7 times per day, the mean IC volume increased from 108 ml to 387 ml. 6 patients received third injection at 5.8 months after second injection, the results showed that the mean frequencies of incontinence decreased from 9.2 to 3.9 times per day, the mean IC volume increased from 116 ml to 364 ml. No side effects were observed during the follow-up.Conclusion BTX-A injection into detrusor to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity in patients with SCI seems to be an effective, safe and miniinvasive solution.

Objective To study the efficacy of T-piece resuscitator on the very preterm infants in the delivery room.Method Very preterm infants (gestational age 28 ～ 31 weeks) who needed positive pressure ventilation during delivery room resuscitation were included in the study between January 2010 and December 2015.Enrolled infants were randomly assigned to self-inflating bag group and T-piece group.Tracheal intubation ratio,duration of mechanical ventilation,continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP),supplementary oxygen through a nasal cannula and total oxygen requirement were compared between groups.The percentages of pneumothorax,sepsis,necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD),retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),intracranial hemorrhage and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) between groups were also compared.Data were analyzed using independent sample t test and chi-square test.Result A total of 51 preterm infants were enrolled in this study,with 25 infants in the self-inflating bag group and 26 in the T-piece group.There was no statistically significant difference in the gender,gestational age,birth weight,Apgar scores,delivery mode and antenatal glucocorticoids between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The ratio of intubation in T-piece group was significantly lower than that in self-inflating bag group (15.4％ vs.44.0％,P ＜ 0.05).Further more,duration of mechanical ventilation and total oxygen requirement in the T-piece group were significantly shorter than those in the self-inflating bag group [(4.2±2.8) dvs.(10.1 ±4.3) d,(36.2±14.7) dvs.(47.2±19.2) d,P＜0.05].However,the duration of nasal CPAP and supplementary oxygen through a nasal cannula,the rate of pneumothorax,sepsis,NEC,BPD,ROP,intracranial hemorrhage and PDA did not differ significantly between groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the self-inflating bag group,the use of the T-piece in delivery room decrease the rate of tracheal intubation and the duration of mechanical ventilation and total oxygen requirement.

Autopsy ; Female ; Hepatoblastoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rare Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To evaluate the performance of split-dosed polyethylene(PEG) for colonoscopy preparation.Methods Split-dose means that 1-3 L of PEG is taken in the afternoon or evening before examination and the remains in the next morning.And single-dose refers to all PEG is taken in the evening before ex-amination.A meta-analysis was conducted to compare bowel preparation quality,adenoma detection rate and patients' acceptance between groups.Results Ten randomized controlled trials were included into this study with 3 222 participants(1 481 in split-dose group and 1 741 in single-dose group).Split-dose group had higher rate of satisfactory bowel preparation(OR=3.37,95％CI:2.37-4.79),and so did the subgroup of 2～ 3 L PEG (OR =3.88,95％ CI:2.39-6.29).Split-dose group did not improve adenoma detection rate significantly (OR =0.94,95％ CI:0.71-1.24),but reported less adverse events such as nausea (OR =0.56,95％ CI:0.42-0.74)and vomiting(OR=0.51,95％CI:0.30-0.88).Conclusion Split-dosed PEG provides better colon cleansing with higher patient compliance,but does not improve detection rate of adenoma.