Objective To investigate the expression changes of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) related microRNAs derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with stroke. Methods The microRNAs for targeting AChE mRNA were selected via prediction software and previous studies. PBMCs were extracted from venous blood samples of acute ischemic stroke patients (onset<24 h) and healthy controls. The expressions of microRNAs and AChE mRNA were quantified using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The protein level of AChE was detected by Western blot assay. Results Thepredicted microRNAs included microRNA (miR)-24,-28,-124,-132,-182*,-194 and-484. The expression levels of miR-24,-124,-132 and-194 were significantly elevated in stroke patients compared with those of controls (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in expression levels of miR-28,-182*and-484. Additionally, the relative expression levels of intracellular AChE mRNA and protein decreased significantly in stroke patients (P<0.05). Conclusion MiRNAs can enhance cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway by targeting AChE in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To discuss the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in modulating immune responses in a rat renal transplantation model.Methods An in vivo trial of cytology was performed in one centre from March to December in 2008.Wistar rat donors and Lewis rat recipients in a renal transplantation model were randomly divided into 4 groups:MSCs (low dose,1 × 106 )therapy,MSCs (high dose,1 × 107) therapy,CsA monotherapy,and no therapy.Biochemistry methods were used to detect the levels of creatinine in serum.The survival time,renal grafting function and pathological changes of transplanted renal tissues were observed.Results Animal survival was significantly prolonged by MSCs (high dose) therapy and CsA monotherapy as compared with the no therapy group (both P＜0.01).Animal survival in the MSCs (low dose) therapy group was prolonged as compared with no therapy group (P＜0.01),but shortened as compared with MSCs (high dose) therapy group (P＜0.05) and CsA monotherapy group (P＜0.05).The MSCs (high dose) therapy and CsA therapy groups showed no special changes in histology,hut the control group showed acute rejection.Conclusion MSCs down-regulated immune responses,reduced production of some inflammatory mediators,preserved graft function in the initial stage after transplantation,and prolonged animal survival,and these effects were the same as those of CsA therapy with 1 × 107/day.

This article aimed at exploring the effects and protective mechanism of β-CM7 on renin angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic rats myocardial tissue. We divided 32 male SD rats into 4 groups: control group, diabetic model control group, insulin (3.7x10(-8) mol/d) treatment group and β-CM7 (7.5x10(-8) mol/d) treatment group. After 30 days, all rats were decapitated and myocardical tissues were collected immediately. After injection, β-CM7 could decrease the content of Ang II, increase the content of Angl-7. And β-CM7 could improve the mRNA of AT1 receptor and Mas receptor. β-CM7 also could improve the mRNA of ACE and ACE2, enhance the activity of ACE and ACE2. These data confirmed tli β-CM7 could activate ACE2-Angl-7-Mas axis, negative passage in RAS, to inhibit the expression ACE mnRiJA and protein in rat myocardium, alleviate the myocardial tissue damage induced by Ang II. The effect of β-CM7 on inhibiting myocardium damage might be related to ACE/ACE2 passageway.
Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; Endorphins ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism ; Renin-Angiotensin System

Composition of the polysaccharide from Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. was studiedby high resolution capillary gas chromatography after hydrolysis and followed by acetylation and esterifica-tion of the hydrolysate. The results showed that it is composed of arabinose, ribose, D-xylose, D-man-nose, D-glucose and D-galactose, with a molar ratio of 0. 106 : 2. 652 : 4. 070: 0. 519 : 0. 930 : 2. 518.

To investigate the effects of Tongxinluo capsule on sciatic nerve apoptosis in spontaneous type II diabetic KK/Upj-Ay mice, in order to explore its mechanism for improving diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). KK/Upj-Ay mice were selected as the DPN animal model and randomly divided into the model, Tongxinluo low, middle and high group (1, 2, 4 g x kg(-1)). C57BL/6 mice were selected as the control group. Mice were given intragastrically for 12 weeks. Paw withdrawal latency, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) were detected. Apoptotic rate were detected by FCM. Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression in sciatic nerve were examined by Real-time PCR and Western blot. p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK expression were examined by Western blot. In this study,the authors found that Tongxinluo capsule could increase paw withdrawal latency, MNCV and SNCV. Apoptotic rate of sciatic, the expression of Bax and caspase-3 were lower, while Bcl-2 expression was higher in Tongxinluo group than those in model mice. The expression of p-p38MAPK significantly decreased in Tongxinluo group. The results showed that Tongxinluo capsule has protective effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy of mice via inhibiting cell apoptosis and suppressing the expression of p-p38MAPK.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Sciatic Nerve ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of ductoscopic flushing in the treatment of early lactation acute mastitis.Methods 52 patients with early acute mammitis were divided into observation group (27 cases)and control group(25 cases)according to the principle of completely random.In the observation group, the patients were checked under the intervention of mammary duct firstly,and then the disease regions of the breast were flushed using ductoscope.In the control group,the patients were treated with artificial breast -milk.The two groups were all treated with the same antibiotics.The curative effect of the two groups was observed,and the statistical analysis was performed.Results In the observation group,the mass extinction time,pain relief time,pyretolysis time, hemogram recovery time,contralateral continued breast -feeding proportion,the proportion of abscess formation,the proportion of back -milk,the proportion of ipsilateral quadrant recurrence were (3.5 ±1.2)h,(5.0 ±0.9)h, (1.0 ±0.1)d,(1.0 ±0.3)d,92.6%,7.4%,7.4%,0.0% respectively,those in the control group were (24.0 ± 3.2)h,(2.0 ±2.1)h,(2.0 ±0.2)d,(3.0 ±0.3)d,88.0%,12.0%,12.0%,8.0% respectively.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t =1.72,0.36,0.43,0.72,χ2 =1.83,2.02,1.56,0.34,all P <0.05).Conclusion Ductoscopic flushing has good effect in the treatment of early lactation acute mastitis,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of surgery in 121 patients with spinal metastases.Methotds A retrospective analysis of clinical data from April 2009 to March 2013 was performed in 121 patients with spinal metastases.From 37 to 65 years,69 males and 42 females with mean age of 55.6 years.Primary tumor origin:Lung 35(28.9％),Breast 26(21.4％),Renal 17 (14.0％),Prostate 20 (16.5％),Thyroid 14 (11.6％),Liver 2 (1.7％),Colon 1 (0.8％),other 6 (5.0％).All patients received surgery.Follow-up and survival time were analyzed.In preoperation and postoperative 3 month,pain levels were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS),neurologic deficit was evaluated by Frankel Grade and functional impairment was classified by Karnofsky Score.The quality of the life was assessed by EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire.Survival analysis was evaluated by Kaplan-meier.Results The period of follow-up ranged from 5 to 35 months with the average of 15.9 months.The mean survival was 14.5 months.1-year survival was 53.5％.2-year survival was 36.5％.In patients with lung cancer,the mean survival was 8.5months.1-year survival was 14.3％.2-year survival was 11.4％.In patients with breast cancer,the mean survival was 31 months.1-year survival was 57.7％.2-year survival was 46.2％.In preoperation and postoperative 3 month,the VAS showed statistical significance (t=21.6,P＜0.01) ;Post-operatively,80.3％ of all patients had functionally useful Frankel Grade D or E compared with 43.5％ pre-operatively.KPS score (80-100) percentage was 75.6％ postoperatively compared with 33.4％ preoperatively.In 1month postoperatively,35 of 75 patients who were sphincteric dysfunction preoperatively were improved.The EORTC QLQ-C30score was 83.39±7.23 in preoperation and 51.34±14.27 in postoperaion.The quality of life was impoved significantly (t=12.6,P＜0.01).Conclusion Surgical treatment was effective in improving quality of life by providing better pain control,enabling patients to regain or maintain mobility,and offering improved sphincter control.In all patients,the number of patents with spinal metastases from breast and lung cancer is higher.Compared with spinal metastases from breast cancer,the proportion of lung cancer origin received surgery is higher.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that is characterized by inflammatory demyelinating lesions and axonal degeneration in optic nerve and spinal cord. It has high relapse rate and high disability rate. In recent years, as the studies on mechanisms of NMOSD, related immune therapy strategies have been developed rapidly. These immunologic interventions are collectively called the disease modifying therapy, which are helpful in improving the course and outcome of the disease. In this review, the latest treatment progress in NMOSD is summarized to guide clinical choice and application of the medication.

0.05);the epididymal indexes were significantly increased 6,24 and 72 hours after formalin injection(P

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT) in early diagnosis of postoperative infection after artificial femoral head replacement in rabbits.Methods Selected 64 healthy New Zealand white rabbits,and randomly divided them into the experimental group and the control group,with 32 cases in each group.All of the 64 rabbits underwent left femoral hip replacement.Rabbits in the experimental group were injected with staphylococcus aureus into the left hip joint immediately after artificial femoral head replacement,while rabbits in control group were injected with the same amount of saline.The changes of IL-6,CRP and PCT in synovial fluid of all rabbits were measured.Took synovial fluid and 3 pieces of synovial membrane to make bacterial culture 9 days after surgery.Results The bacterial culture of the experimental group was positive for staphylococcus aureus while it was negative in the control group.One day after surgery,the levels of IL-6,CRP and PCT in synovial fluid of two groups were significantly higher than those before operation(P<0.05),but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The levels of IL-6,CRP and PCT in the synovial fluid of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the 3rd,6th and 9th day after operation(P<0.05).There was a significant increase in IL-6,CRP and PCT levels in the two groups at the first and 3rd day after operation(P<0.05).At 6th days after operation,the levels of IL-6,CRP and PCT in synovial fluid of experimental group continued to increase(P<0.05),and they began to decrease in the control group (P<0.05).PCT gradually restored preoperative level at 6th days after operation(P>0.05),and IL-6 and CRP gradually restored preoperative level at 9th days after operation(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of IL-6,CRP and PCT combined test were 96.9% and 90.6% respectively,which were significantly higher than those of individual indexes.Conclusion Combined detection of serum IL-6,CRP and PCT levels in the infection model of artificial femoral head replacement can provide some help for the early diagnosis of infection after clinical hip arthroplasty.