BackgroundThe progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the primary pathological characteristics of visual defects in glaucomatous eye.Research showed that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is involved in this progression.Glucose-regulated protein 78 ( GRP78 ) is a special marker of ERS.To understand the change in expression of GRP78 in the retina under the pressure induced is very important for the protection of visual function.Objective The present study was to observe the expression of GRP78 in rat retina with acute high intraocular pressure (IOP) and investigate the possible effect of ERS in acute glaucoma damage. MethodsFiftysix Wistar rats were randomly assigned to normal control group,anterior chamber punctured group and 12 hours,1 day,3,7,14 days groups following acute IOP rising.The acute high IOP models were established in the right eyes of 4.0 Wistar rats by paracentesis of the anterior chamber and infusion of normal saline solution into the anterior chamber.The histopathology changes of the retina were examined by hemotoxylin and eosin staining.The expression of GRP78 protein and mRNA in the retina were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.ResultsThe retinal layers and cells were clear with normal alignement in the rats of the normal control group and the anterior chamber punctured group.The edema and thickening of retinas appeared in 12 hours after molding and peaked in 1 day after molding.Then the retina decreased in thickness and atrophied from 3 days through 14 days.The expression levels of GRP78 protein (A value) were 0.195±0.006 in the nounal rats and gradually increased from 12 hours through 3 days (0.268±0.017) following molding with the peak value at 1 day (0.499±0.039 ),showing significant differences in comparison with the normal control group (t =0.098,0.304,0.073,P＜0.05),and the reduction in expression at 7 and 14 days were not significantly different from the normal control group ( t =0.002,0.001,P＞0.05 ).The relative value of GRP78 mRNA ( 2△△C1 ) in the retina was 1.011 ±0.013 in the normal control group and gradually up-regulated from 12 hours through 3 days with the peak value at Iday (2.141±0.171 ) and then down-regulated from the third day onwards.A significant difference was seen in 2-△△C1value between the normal control group and 12 hours group,1 day group or 3 group ( t =0.525,1.130,0.409,P＜0.05 ).However,the 2-△△C1 values of GRP78 mRNA at 7 and 14 days was similar to that of the normal control group (t=0.020,0.004,P＞0.05).ConclusionsGRP78 participates in the process of RGCs damage following acute high IOP.The results suggest that interfering with ERS may be helpful for protecting the retina and optical nerve from pressure-induced damage.

Objective To discuss the application value of the treatment protocol of combining warm needling and atorvastatin in treating female cardiac syndrome X (CSX). Method Eighty female CSX patients were randomized into a control group and an observation group by the random number table, 40 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by atorvastatin in addition to the conventional treatment protocol, while the observation group was by warm needling plus atorvastatin in addition to the conventional treatment. The treatment efficacies and adverse events rates were compared between the two groups. Result There were no significant between-group differences in comparing the component and total scores of the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ), NO, plasma endothelin (ET-1) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels before the intervention (P>0.05);after 8-week treatment, the component and total scores of CAQ, ET-1, and hs-CRP levels were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, and NO level was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, at the end of the 8-week treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Besides, there was no significant difference in comparing the adverse events rate between the two groups during the 8-week treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of female CSX, warm needling plus atorvastatin can enhance the treatment efficacy.

Objective: To study the proliferaton of two common histological variants of ameloblastoma. Methods: Thirty cases of ameloblastomas (15 cases of follicular and 15 cases of plexiform type) were analyzed immunohistochemically using Ki 67 antibody. The Ki 67 positive cells was counted and calculated by image analysis system. Results: The Ki 67 positive cells (%) in follicular ameloblastoma was more than those in the plexiform type (4.31?2.25 vs 3.76?1.96, P

The national examination of doctors' qualification is the examination which assesses the medical students' knowledge and skills for doctors' work. This paper introduced autorities concerned, implementing agencies, examination forms and procedures, examination contents and keypoints, pass-ing criteria and matters needing attention of national examination of doctors's qualification be tween Canada and Australia expecting to provide references for the revolution of Chinese Examination of Doctors' Qualification.

AIM: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrsis factor-alpha (TNF-?) in synovium of rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA) and the relationship between the pathological score and the expression of VEGF and TNF-? protein. METHODS: AA was produced in Wistar rats by inoculating complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). The arthral pathological score was calculated, production of VEGF and TNF-? protein were assayed by histoimmunochemical staining at different stage after CFA inoculation. RESULTS: In AA group, the pathological score and expression of VEGF protein in synovium increased significantly (P

ObjectiveTo study the quality of life of patients with hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD)and analyze the influencing factors.Methods287 patients with HLD and 51 health people were investigated by World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument brief version (WHOQOL-BREF),Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90),Life Satisfaction Index A (LSIA) and variance analysis,t-test and multiple linear regression analysis were analyzed the influencing factors.Results①Scores of WHOQOL-BREF:physical domain(54.64 ± 17.11 ),psychological domain ( 52.09 ± 15.83 ) in patients with HLD were lower than those in the health people (67.30 ± 12.66,58.90 ± 12.75 ) with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01 ) ; social domain ( 51.35± 17.18),the domain of environment(53.54 ± 16.67) in patients with HLD were lower than those in the health people (57.53 ± 14.99,58.42 ± 10.55 ) with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05 ).②The quality of life of the patients with HLD was influenced by LSIA,total score of SCL-90,the attitude toward the doctors,economic status,the attitude toward the disease,residence with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.0l ).ConclusionThe quality of life in patients with HLD is lower than that in health people and much factors influence it,so it is necessary to take multi-facet interventions to improve their quality of life.

Child ; Female ; Heart Block ; etiology ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; complications ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To analyze the correlation between 18F-FDG SUV and immunohistochemical index including GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA in non-snall-cell lung cancer. Methods Thirty-three patients with NSCLC underwent preoperative PET/CT examination and surgical operation. All patients were divided into two groups according to the size of tumor (cutoff=3 cm), metastasis of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes or not, and histological types of the cancer, respectively. The expression of GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA were estimated with SP immunohistochemical technique, and were analyzed statistically to reveal the correlation to FDG SUV. Results The rate of positive expression of GLUT1, Ki-67 and CD34 were 66.67%, 72.73% and 100%, respectively. The mean value of CD34 in all 33 patients was 12.6±2.9 (12-56). The rate of positive expression of survivin was 84.85%, and the corresponding data of cyclinA was 27.27%. Conclusion There is linear correlation between FDG PET SUV and GLUT1, but not between FDG PET SUV and Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA. The expressions of GLUT1, Ki-67, MVD, survivin and cyclinA are not related with the size of tumor, nor metastasis of lymph nodes. The expression of GLUT1 and Ki-67 is related with histological types of the cancer, but not with MVD, survivin and cyclinA.

Objective To evaluate the impact of PET/CT on the clinical therapeutical strategy of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Sixty patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC supposed to accept radical radiotherapy or surgical operation were firsthy divided into group A (stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and group B (stage Ⅲ) according to CT findings, and the individualized treatment strategy was designed, then restage and compare with different stage and management with initial treatment strategy by PET/CT scanning. Results ①PET/CT scanning restaged the TNM stage in 53.33% (32/60) patients, including 3 of T stage, 23 of N stage and 9 of M stage. Changes of stage occurred in 65.85% (27/41) patients with adenocarcinoma and in 26.32% (5/19) with squamous carcinoma (P＜0.05), while in 34.29 (12/35) with central and 57.14% (20/35) with peripheral NSCLCs (P＜0.05). ②PET/CT scanning resulted in alteration of the managements of NSCLC patients. The management changed from radical into palliative strategy with PET/CT information in 9 (15.00%) patients. In 25 patients who were supposed to accept surgical operation, the treatment changed to radical radiotherapy in 8 (8/25, 32.00%) and to palliative radiotherapy in 5 (20.00%) patients. In 35 patients who were supposed to accept radiotherapy, surgical operation or palliative radiotherapy was finally chosen in 5.71% (2/35) and 11.43% (4/35) patients, respectively. Conclusion PET/CT images can make significant alteration to clinical stage and treatment plan in patients with NSCLC.

Adolescent ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; pathology