Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of lung cancer .Radiation-induced lung injury is a major complication in the process of radiotherapy .It is of great significance for the treatment and prog-nosis of the diseases to predict the early stage of radiation -induced lung injury in the clinical treatment .TGF-β1(transforming growthfactor-β1) can induce some inflammatory cells including lymphocytes ,neutrophils,mon-ocytes ect,contributing to the formation of fibrosis .Plasma TGF-β1 shows different levels followed different sta-ges of radiation-induced lung injury .This article reviews the value of cytokine TGF -β1 in predicting the radia-tion-induced lung injury over various aspects such as singlely used ,combined with radiation physics and other cytokines,and genomics.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs) are a rare malignancy found in male adolescents that initially occur mostly in the abdominal cavity. Diagnosis is based on the histologic analysis of biopsies, which typically show small round blue cells in nests separated by abundant desmoplastic stroma. DSRCTs are associated with a unique chromosomal translocation t (11:22) (p 13;q 12) that involves the Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) gene and the Wilms' tumor (WT1) gene. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction can be used to detect the fusion gene in fresh or paraffin-embedded tissues, which confirms the diagnosis. The prognosis is particularly poor. The median survival ranges from 17 to 25 months. Management of DSRCT remains challenging despite the use of aggressive ther-apies such as polychemotherapy, debulking surgery, and whole abdominal radiation. Several methods for improving patient survival are being evaluated, such as the addition of chemotherapy and targeted therapies to normal neoadjuvant protocols, complete surgical resec-tion with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and yttrium-90 microsphere liver embolization for treating hepatic metastases.

BACKGROUND: Although the clinical effect of cervical disk replacement in short term has been ascertained, but the middle and long term result is not known, especially for the adjacent level. OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical result and effect of cervical disk replacement on adjacent level in middle and long term. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Retrospective case analysis was performed at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from December 2003 to March 2005. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three patients (aged 35-73 years) undergoing cervical disc replacement were followed up for 3 years. Of them, 25 patients received one-level disk replacement, and 8 received two-level disk replacement. METHODS: The clinical results and imaging before and after operation were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical indexes including JOA grade, Odom’s grade, NDI, SF-36; X-ray: Kellgren X-ray grade, disk cervical height, disk motion, Pfirrmann disk grade, sigittal diameter of spinal cord, and compression of the spinal cord. RESULTS: The point of JOA is 13.62?2.31 before operation, 15.75?1.55 after operation; the differences were significant (P=0.000). For Kellgren X-ray, 10 levels occurred degeneration above the disk replacement level, accounted for 33% (P=0.004), and 9 levels developed degeneration below the disk replacement level, accounted for 32% (P=0.011). No obvious changes in imaging indexes were observed before and after surgery. CONCLUSION: The clinical outcome of cervical disk replacement is good in middle-term follow up. Some adjacent level degeneration may occur after cervical disk replacement, and the degeneration type is osteophyte formation in the adjacent level. This kind of adjacent level degeneration does not affect the clinical outcome in middle term follow-up.

Objective To study the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide from stigma maydis and to explore its therapeutic mechanism preliminarily.Method The diabetes mice models were induced by tetraoxypyrimidine.The concentration of blood sugar was determined by glucose oxidase test.The influence of the stigma maydis polysaccharide on glycometabolism and its repair effect on damaged glycometabolism organs of diabetic mice were observed respectively by content determination of glycogen and by the measurement of activities of relative enzymes(superoxyde dismutase and glutathione peroxidase).Results The stigma maydis polysaccharide could decrease the blood sugar,promote the synthesis of glycogen and repair the damaged glycometabolism organs of diabetic mice.Conclusion The stigma maydis polysaccharide exhibits a good therapeutic effect on diabetic mice,and has a good development prospect.

Objective:Based on the framework of reference point contract theory,the experimental economics methodwas used to explore the medical institution managers' motivation and reflection of the profit allocation in vertical integrated?medical service system.Methods:Z-tree software was applied to design the experimental program.40 undergraduate students majoring in health management were recruited as the subjects.Sharing rates and effort levels were collected and calculated by Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0.Results:The median of sharing rate hospital managers allocated to community health centers?was 35.00％.The median of effort level that community health center directors chose was 8.00.The proportion of sharing rates equal to or less than 50.00％ accounted for 98％.The proportion of the highest effort level was 23.50％.The correlation between sharing rate and effort level was significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:In the process of establishing vertical integration of medical service system,sharing rates and effort levels were closely related while the community health centers' effort was shading.

Objective To evaluate effect of Xugu-Huoxue decoction on the treatment of patients with femoral neck fracture after internal fixation with hollow screw fixation. Methods A total of 120 patients with femoral neck fracture were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the inclusion criteria, 60 patients in each group. The control group was treated with cannulated screw internal fixation; the observation group was treated with Xugu-Huoxue decoction at the second day after the operation. Both groups were assessed with the Harris hip function score at the end of 12 months after operation. The SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. Results The total effect rate of the observation group was 88.3% (53/60) and the control group was 71.7% (43/60). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=5.208, P=0.022). At 12 months after surgery, the pain (41.4 ± 7.3 vs. 32.2 ± 5.7, t=7.738), the joint function (45.7 ± 6.2 vs. 36.3 ± 7.2, t=7.701), joint mobility (5.0 ± 0.8 vs. 3.1 ± 0.8, t=13.115), and the total score of Harris (87.7 ± 4.6 vs. 65.4 ± 5.4, t=24.461) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.001). The physical function (83.1 ± 7.2 vs. 78.8 ±14.2, t=2.095), body pain (82.1 ± 9.9 vs. 67.7 ± 11.1, t=7.524), the overall health (76.6 ± 10.3 vs. 68.8 ± 14.4, t=3.401) and activity (81.1 ± 7.9 vs. 76.6 ± 11.2, t=2.549) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions The Xugu-Huoxue decoction could improve the prognosis of patients with femoral neck fractures after cannulated screw fixation, promote the recovery of hip function and improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the clinical and laboratory characters of infantile organic acidemia(OA) accompanied with acute metabolic crisis.Methods We analyzed retrospectively datum of infants with OA diagnosed in our unit from April 2006 to October 2014.Results Fity-three cases(37 male and 16 female,aged under 1 year old) were enrolled in this study,in which,28 cases were methylmalonic acidemia,11 cases were propionic acidemia,3 cases were biotinidase deficiency,3 cases were glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ,2 cases were glutaric acidemia type Ⅰ,2 cases were isovaleric acidemia,1 case was variety of coenzyme A carboxylase deficiency,1 case was glycerol kinase deficiency,1 case was 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency and 1 case was holocarboxylase synthetase defect.Tweny-five of the 53 cases(47.2％)developed metabolic crisis within 7 days after onset,main manifestations included feeding difficulties,frequent seizures dyspnea,et al.The most common abnormal laboratory findings manifested severe hypoglycemia,intractable metabolic acidosis,hyperammonemia,et al.Twenty cases had family history.All patients were given symptomatic relief and supportive treatment,including colleting hypoglycemia,reducing hyperammonemia,keeping water,electrolyte and acid base balance,maintaining function of vital organs,suppling metabolic cofactor and special fomula,et al.After treatment,32 cases (60.4％) improved markedly while death occurred in 15 cases(28.3％).Conclusion OA confirmed under 1 year old is especially vulnerable to acute metabolic crisis,which characterized by sudden onset,rapid progress and is difficult to treat.Feeding difficulties,frequent seizures and dyspnea were the very common presentations.Early diagnosis and timely treatment are critical for improving the prognosis.Clinicians should be aware of it,and an early metabolic disorders screening should be intervened in patients with hypoglycemia of unknown etiology or refractory metabolic acidosis.

The O152 antigens of Escherichia coli contains a Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage within the repeating unit. The wfgD gene in E. coli O152 O antigen gene cluster had been demonstrated utilizing NMR technique to encode a glucosyltransferase which is responsible for the synthesis of Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage. In this study, a synthetic substrate analog of the natural acceptor substrate undecaprenol-pyrophosphate-lipid [GlcNAc-α-PO_3-PO_3-(CH_2)_(11))-O-phenyl]) was used as an acceptor and UDP-Glc as a donor substrate, and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(ESI-MS-MS) was used for the detailed structural characte-)rization) of the enzyme product. A systematic study was conducted on product to allow rationalization of the fragmentation) processes. The major fragments observed in the ESI-MS-MS spectra result from cleavage of glycosidic) bond and diphosphate moiety. The fragment originating from the nonreducing end of the product yields information on sequence). Cross-ring cleavages, which are very informative of the linkages of the monosaccharide residues constituting) the product, and "internal" cleavage ions which are derived from elimination of substituents from around) the pyranose ring, were also observed. This extensive fragmentation was shown that the expected Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage in the product, confirming that wfgD is in the form of UDP-Glc: GlcNAc-pyrophosphate-lipid β-1,3-glucosyltransferase.)

It is well established that different sites within a protein evolve at different rates according to their role within the protein; identification of these correlated mutations can aid in tasks such as ab initio protein structure,structure function analysis or sequence alignment.Mutual Information is a standard measure for coevolution between two sites but its application is limited by signal to noise ratio.In this work we report a preliminary study to investigate whether larger sequence sets could circumvent this problem by calculating mutual information arrays for two sets of drug naive sequences from the HIV gp120 protein for the B and C subtypes.Our results suggest that while the larger sequences sets can improve the signal to noise ratio,the gain is offset by the high mutation rate of the HIV virus which makes it more difficult to achieve consistent alignments.Nevertheless,we were able to predict a number of coevolving sites that were supported by previous experimental studies as well as a region close to the C terminal of the protein that was highly variable in the C subtype but highly conserved in the B subtype.

Objective To detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in breast can-cer and to investigate the feasibility of HIF-1α as a new therapy target for breast cancer. Methods 56 cancer tissue specimens of women with primary breast cancer admitted from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2013 in the Fourth Hos-pital of Hebei Medical University Breast Center were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the ex-pression of HIF-1α protein in cancer tissues. The relation between HIF-1α protein expression and the clinico-pathological parameters was analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of HIF-1α protein in breast cancer was 73.2% (41/56) and its high expression rate was 41.1% (23/56), which were significantly higher than those in benign breast tumor group (P=0.000). HIF-1α protein expression was positively correlated with breast tumor size, stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and the expression of HER2, and it was negtively correlated with ER. Conclusions High expression of HIF-1α in breast cancer was significantly associated with poor prog-nosis. HIF-1α protein is also a risk factor for breast cancer as well as HER2, and they may have a synergistic role in the progression of breast cancer.