In order to investigate the effects of mouse CTLA4Ig gene-modified dendritic cells (DCs) on the survival of the corneal allografts in rats, the plasmid PG\CTLA4Ig was transfected into DCs of F344 rats mediated by Lipofectamine 2000. The expression of CTLA4Ig was detected by immunofluorescent microscopy. The effects of donor DCs on the proliferation of T cells in Lewis rats (recipients) were tested by by CCK8. Corneal transplantation was performed from F344 rats to Lewis rats. The DCs modified with CTLA4Ig gene were injected into the Lewis rats on the day 0 and 3 after transplantation. The movement of the DCs after modification in vivo was observed by immunofluorescent microscopy, and the survival of corneal allografts was evaluated by Holland criterion. The results showed that the CTLA4Ig-modified DCs could restrain the proliferation of allogenetic T cells. The CTLA4Ig-modified DCs prolonged survival of corneal allografts. (P < 0.01). It was suggested that the injection of CTLA4Ig gene-modified DCs could obviously inhabit the allograft rejection and prolong the survival of corneal allografts.

Objective: To study the proliferaton of two common histological variants of ameloblastoma. Methods: Thirty cases of ameloblastomas (15 cases of follicular and 15 cases of plexiform type) were analyzed immunohistochemically using Ki 67 antibody. The Ki 67 positive cells was counted and calculated by image analysis system. Results: The Ki 67 positive cells (%) in follicular ameloblastoma was more than those in the plexiform type (4.31?2.25 vs 3.76?1.96, P

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and accuracy of 3DSS-Ⅱ color structured-light scanning system for scanning and reconstructing the model of abutment tooth.Methods:5 plaster maxillary abutment tooth models were scanned and reconstructed by 3DSS-Ⅱ color structured-light scanning system,and then the 3D shapes of the models were measured by Geomagic 6.0 software and the plaster models were measured by manual with vernier caliper.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:The graphs of point-cloud were obtained from scanning surfaces of abutment tooth models.There were close correlations and no significant differences between different groups(r≈1,P

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical significance of 1.5T MR multiple sequence for atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD).Methods To collect the data of MRI and transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)of 46 patients with ASD/VSD,Among them,12 patients had surgical treatment,27 patientsDSA treatment and 7 patients no surgery or DSA treatment. The biggest defect diameter was recorded which measured by TSE,GRE,PC-MR and TTE,and the main deformity,valvular regurgitation, atrioventricular enlargement,cardiac function,maximum aperture of ASD/VSD were recorded which were confirmed by surgery.Al-so,myocardial delayed reinforcement was recorded.Results Multiple sequence check of MRI found different number of defects in 39 patients(7 patients without surgery or treatment removed );the largest defect aperture of ASD/VSD measured by TSE、GRE、PC-MR had no statistically significant(P >0.05)with TTE measurements,they had good correlation with TTE (r=0.86,0.94,0.99) (P >0.05),and PC-MR had the highest consistency with TTE.The measured results of GRE,TTE,surgical in 14 ventricular sep-tal defects of 12 cases had no statistically significant(P >0.05).the largest defect aperture between myocardial delayed reinforce-ment and not delayed reinforcement had statistically significant in 41 cases of ASD(P <0.05).MRI had more advantage in the right heart enlargement and right heart function than TTE,the differences between the two had statistically significant(P <0.05).And MRI could find intracardiac deformity and outside the heart malformation in ASD/VSD,especially outside the heart malformation. Conclusion 1.5T MR multiple sequence inspection have high diagnostic value for ASD/VSD,which can display ASD/VSD clearly, measure the defect aperture accurately,find merged deformity accurately,and can also show myocardial delayed reinforcement and judge heart function.

The O152 antigens of Escherichia coli contains a Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage within the repeating unit. The wfgD gene in E. coli O152 O antigen gene cluster had been demonstrated utilizing NMR technique to encode a glucosyltransferase which is responsible for the synthesis of Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage. In this study, a synthetic substrate analog of the natural acceptor substrate undecaprenol-pyrophosphate-lipid [GlcNAc-α-PO_3-PO_3-(CH_2)_(11))-O-phenyl]) was used as an acceptor and UDP-Glc as a donor substrate, and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(ESI-MS-MS) was used for the detailed structural characte-)rization) of the enzyme product. A systematic study was conducted on product to allow rationalization of the fragmentation) processes. The major fragments observed in the ESI-MS-MS spectra result from cleavage of glycosidic) bond and diphosphate moiety. The fragment originating from the nonreducing end of the product yields information on sequence). Cross-ring cleavages, which are very informative of the linkages of the monosaccharide residues constituting) the product, and "internal" cleavage ions which are derived from elimination of substituents from around) the pyranose ring, were also observed. This extensive fragmentation was shown that the expected Glc-β-1,3-GlcNAc linkage in the product, confirming that wfgD is in the form of UDP-Glc: GlcNAc-pyrophosphate-lipid β-1,3-glucosyltransferase.)

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy of anatomic locking plate and Gamma nail in treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures with external wall fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2014,clinical data of 44 patients with intertroehanteric fractures associated with lateral wall fractures (type 31A2.2-3.3) followed more than 12 months,which treated with Gamma nail or anatomic locking plate,were retrospective analyzed. Sixteen patients were treated with anatomic locking plate, including 6 males and 10 females aged from 32 to 83 years old with an average of 56.5 years old. Twenty-eight patients were treated with Gamma nail including 17 males and 11 females aged from 26 to 87 years old with an average of 60.4 years old. Operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, blood loss (intraoperative and hidden blood loss), hospital stays were observed and compared. PPMS and HHS scoring were used to evaluate postoperative clinical effect.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of 16.2 months. Operative time in Gamma nail was shorter than anatomic locking plate; while blood loss( intraoperative and hidden blood loss) and intraoperative fluoroscopy times in anatomic locking plate were less than that of in Gamma nail. There was no significant meaning in hospital stays between two groups. Postoperative full weight-bearing time in anatomic locking plate was prolonged than Gamma nail. At the final following-up, PPMS in Gamma nail was 7.50 ± 1.78 and 6.82 ± 1.38 in anatomic locking plate, and there was no obvious meaning between two groups (t = 2.341, P = 0.132); there was no significant differences in HHS score between Gamma nail (83.25 ± 11.18) and anatomic locking plate (86.14 ± 12.36) (t = 1.923, P = 0.243). The incidence of complications in Gamma nail was less than anatomic lock-ing plate (P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONAnatomic locking plate for intertrochanteric fractures with external wall fractures could avoid re-injury of external wall, especially for severe comminuted fractures, difficult for intramedullary nailing, and there was no significant meaning in hip joint function compared with Gamma nail, while postoperative incidence of complications was higher than Gamma nail, so early weight-bearing was not stress.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Nails ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Hip Joint ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To compare clinical efficacy of inverse less invasive stabilization system (LISS) and Gamma nail in treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures combined with lateral wall fractures.Methods Fifty-two patients with intertrochanteric fractures associated with lateral wall fractures followed up for at least 12 months after surgical treatment between June 2010 and June 2013 were included in this retrospective cohort study.According to the different internal fixation,the patients were assigned to inverse LISS group [16 males and 8 females;(62.5 ± 12.4)years] and Gamma nail group [17 males and 11 females;(60.4 ± 18.6)years].According to the AO classification,there were 6 patients with A2.2 type,5 A2.3 type,5 A3.1 type,6 A3.2 type and 2 A3.3 type in inverse LISS group,and there were 4 patients with A2.2 type,7 A2.3 type,9 A3.1 type,5 A3.2 type and 3 A3.3 type in Gamma nail group.Opcration time,total blood loss (intraoperaive plus occult blood loss),hospital length of stay,bone healing,time of commencing full weight-beating and complication incidence were compared between the two groups.Harris hip score was recorded postoperatively.Results All patients were followed up for 24-36 months (mean,30.2 months).Operation time in Gamma nail group was shorter than that in inverse LISS group (P ＜ 0.05),while relatively more blood loss was found in Gamma nail group(P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in hospital length of stay and bone healing timebetween the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Patients in Gamma nail groups started earlier full weight-bearing than inverse LISS group (P ＜0.05).Harris score was (86.1-± 12.4)points in inverse LISS group one year after operation,not significantly different from (83.3 ± 11.2) points in Gamma nail group (P ＞ 0.05).Complication of one patient with coxa vara and one bone nonunion in inverse LISS,showing no significant from one patient with screw breakage and one femoral head osteonecrosis in Gamma nail group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Both techniques are effective in treatment of intertrochanteric fractures combined with lateral wall fractures and achieve similar results in function recovery.But inverse LISS is eccentric fixation,so too early weight-bearing should not be over-emphasized.

The national examination of doctors' qualification is the examination which assesses the medical students' knowledge and skills for doctors' work. This paper introduced autorities concerned, implementing agencies, examination forms and procedures, examination contents and keypoints, pass-ing criteria and matters needing attention of national examination of doctors's qualification be tween Canada and Australia expecting to provide references for the revolution of Chinese Examination of Doctors' Qualification.

Objective To compare the effect and safety between cemented and uncemented long-stem hip arthroplasty for treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly.Methods A retrospective review was made on 70 cases (70-87 years old) undergone artificial long-stem hip arthroplasty of unstable intertrochanteric fracture between June 2012 and June 2014.According to the material of prostheses,the cases were assigned to cemented group (n =36) and uncemented group (n =34).Operation-related index,postoperative complications,ambulation time,Harris hip score and prosthesis stability and excellent results were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in operation time,bleeding volume and ambulation time between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Postoperative drainage volume and blood transfusion volume in cemented group [(277.4 ± 22.0) ml and (245.1 ± 17.8) ml] were lower than these in uncemented group[(294.2 ± 33.7) ml and (262.8 ± 30.9)ml] (P ＜0.05).Harris scores in cemented group were higher than these in uncemented group 1 and 3 months after operation(P ＜0.05),and there were no significant differences 6 and 12 months after operation(P ＞ 0.05).Complication rate had no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Two cases were died of cement poisoning,one case of subsequent acute myocardial infarction,and two cases of subsequent acute cerebral infarction.Sixty-five cases were followed up for 12-36 months,which showed no complications such as prosthesis loosening,displacement or infection.Prosthesis stability and treatment excellent rate between the two groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Clinical efficacy of the two treatments is comparable,including good function recovery and early off-bed activity.Cemented long-stem hip arthroplasty reduces blood requirements,but the risk of cement poisoning exists.

ObjectiveTo study the quality of life of patients with hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD)and analyze the influencing factors.Methods287 patients with HLD and 51 health people were investigated by World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument brief version (WHOQOL-BREF),Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90),Life Satisfaction Index A (LSIA) and variance analysis,t-test and multiple linear regression analysis were analyzed the influencing factors.Results①Scores of WHOQOL-BREF:physical domain(54.64 ± 17.11 ),psychological domain ( 52.09 ± 15.83 ) in patients with HLD were lower than those in the health people (67.30 ± 12.66,58.90 ± 12.75 ) with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01 ) ; social domain ( 51.35± 17.18),the domain of environment(53.54 ± 16.67) in patients with HLD were lower than those in the health people (57.53 ± 14.99,58.42 ± 10.55 ) with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05 ).②The quality of life of the patients with HLD was influenced by LSIA,total score of SCL-90,the attitude toward the doctors,economic status,the attitude toward the disease,residence with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.0l ).ConclusionThe quality of life in patients with HLD is lower than that in health people and much factors influence it,so it is necessary to take multi-facet interventions to improve their quality of life.