OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of pharmaceutical care on blood glucose control and medication compliance in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Nighty-two discharged patients with diabetes mellitus in our hospital from Apr. to Sept. 2015 were divided into intervention group and control group by random number table method,with 46 cases in each group. Both groups were given Chlorpropamide tablets+Metformin glibenclamide tablets(Ⅰ)for 3 months;intervention group additionally re-ceived pharmaceutical care as medication education,telephone follow-up,etc. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and blood glu-cose,medication compliance were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and blood glucose,or medication compliance between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and blood glucose in 2 groups were significantly decreased,and the intervention group was significantly lower than control group;the effects of blood glucose control in patients younger than 60 years old were better than in patients older than 60 years old,with statistical significance(P<0.05). After one month of treatment, the proportion of good medication compliance were increased significantly in 2 groups,and the intervention group was significantly higher than control group. After 3 months of treatment,the proportion of good medication compliance in 2 groups were significant-ly higher than before treatment,and 1 month after treatment,while the intervention group was significantly higher than control group. The improvement of medication compliance in patients younger than 60 years old was better than in patients older than 60 years old,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Pharmaceutical care contributes to blood glucose control and improves the medication compliance,especially for those younger than 60 years old.

Objective To sum up the status and existing problems of standardized training of resident physician in China,and to promote residency standardized training.Methods With essayas retrieving items,resident + standardization training as the search term,all relevant papers published in CNKI from January 2004 to January 2014 with a title containing residency standardized training were reviewed.By means of literature analysis,the literature in 8 aspects was classified including the year of publication,status of journal,training base selection conditions,training objects and training time,content,specialist fields,management,assessment methods and shortages.Excel was used to make descriptive analysis of the results.Results After elimination,we took 152 papers as experimental group.In detail,12 literatures about training base selection conditions demonstrated that the level and type of hospital was the main criteria for training base;28 literatures about training objects and training time indicated that trainees were oriented to the pattern of 5+3,the latitude of PhD and Masters could be decreased properly; 36 literatures about training content focused on clinical skills and expertise.Only 19 literatures was concerned with specialist fields,which needed enriching.12 articles about management implemented management of supervisor responsibility system.22 literatures about the assessment method recommend that priority should be given to clinical skills examination to explore the hospital problems of resident standardization training.Conclusion The standardized training of resident physician has been carried out in China,but there are still some problems which need to be further improved.

Objective To establish human choriocarcinoma JeG-3 cell line resistant to floxuridine (FUDR)and describe the characteristics of this FUDR-resistant subline.The thymidylate synthase (TS) expression level in FUDR-resistant subline was also discussed.Methods The FUDR-resistant sub-line JeG-3/FUDRA was established by intermitted exposure to grads increased FUDR.Reversed microscope was used to observe the morphological changes in FUDR-resistant sub-line.Population doubling time was calculated and compared based on the growth curve of these two cell lines,cell cycles and chromosomal ploidy were assayed with flow cytometry methods.The chemo-luminescence assay was used to detect the hormone secretion by two kinds of cell lines.The resistant index (RI) was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8)assay.Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression level of TS and we also detected the TS mRNA expression level in different doses exposed subline.Results The RI of JeG-3/FUDRA was 31.62.Compared with the JeG-3 cell,the FUDR-resistant cell line had gross changes in morphological,cell growth,cell cycles and chromosomal numbers.The ability of human chorionic gonadotrop(hCG) and progesterone secretion was lower in JeG-3/FUDRA subline.The trend of TS mRNA expression was:while exposed to low concentration of FUDR,the TS mRNA expression level was downregulated,then followed the increasing dose of the drug,the expression level of TS mRNA ascended gradually.When the terminal concentration was reached,the expression level of TS mRNA in JeG-3/FUDRA subline was higher than that of JeG-3 cell line (P＜0.05).Conclusions We established the FUDR-resistant subline of JeG-3 successfully.The TS mRNA expression level is stage-related to the different concentration and different phase in FUDR exposure.Our data suggested that TS mRNA expression level may not be used as a biomarker to predict the chemosensitivity in FUDR-based chemotherapy.

005) There was significant difference between pre-operation and 56 th day( P

Objective:To study the effects of glucosamine(GlcNH2) on immune function in mice.Method:The effects of GlcNH2 on murine proliferation of splenocytes were carried out in vitro.After feeding mice by GlcNH2,the phagocytotic functions of mononuclear macrophage,murine delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) caused by sheep red blood cells(SRBC),the ability of antibody production(tested by HC50),and the index of immune organs(thymus and spleen) were deteimined in vivo.Results:GlcNH2 could promote the proliferation of splenocytes,phagocytotic functions of mononuclear macrophage,DTH,the ability of antibody production and the index of immune organs.Conclusion:Glucosamine can enhance immune function in mice such as cellular immunity,humoral immunity and non-specific immunity.

Objective To study the value of clinical application of leukocyte classification alarm system (Q‐Flag ) for Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer .Methods 394 blood samples with alarm system (Q‐Flag) and 190 ones without abnormal alarm infor‐mation detected by the Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer were performed to observe the quantity and morphology of blood cells by manual differentiation ,and the results were compared between them .Results The alarm system of Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer in detecting cell morphologic abnormalities was 100 .0% for sensitivity ,62 .3% for specificity ,70 .8% for positive predic‐tive value and 100 .0% for negative predictive value .Based on thegold standardof manual differentiation ,no abnormal cells were observed in those blood samples without Q‐Flag alarm information and the coincidence rate was 100% .The coincidence rate of leu‐kocyte classification was from 0 .0% to 75 .0% for blood cell analyzer when the alarm system (Q‐Flag) was between 100U and 200U ,and that was from 66 .7% to 95 .6% when the alarm system (Q‐Flag) was between 200U and 300U .Conclusion The alarm system sensitivity of leukocyte classification alarm system (Q‐Flag) is high for Sysmex XT‐1800i blood cell analyzer ,and it is nec‐essary to manually differentiate the samples with abnormal Q‐Flag in order to provide accurate and reliable clinical diagnostic infor‐mation .

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT for the detection of primary and regional lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods Thirty-seven patients with gastric cancer underwent preoperative 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET/CT within one week from March 2011 to April 2013.Postoperative histopathology confirmation was obtained in all patients.The PET/CT images were assessed visually and semi-quantitatively.Two-sample t and x2 tests were analyzed using SPSS 13.0.Results For the detection of primary gastric cancer,the sensitivities of 18 F-FLT and 18 F-FDG PET were 89.2％ (33/ 37) vs 91.9％(34/37),respectively (x2=0.158,P＞0.05).The 18F-FLT SUVmax of 16/37 cases with diffuse-type gastric cancer was significantly higher than that of 21/37 cases with intestinal-type gastric cancer (6.89±1.38 vs 3.79±2.45,t=4.533,P＜0.05) ; while 18F-FDG SUVmaxwas not significantly different between the two subgroups (7.13± 1.97 vs 6.36±2.32,t =1.066,P＞0.05).For the detection of regional lymph node metastasis,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG were 64.8％(35/54) vs 88.9％(48/54),97.6％(246/252) vs 82.9％(209/252),91.8％(281/306) vs 84.0％(257/306),respectively (x2 =8.796,30.948,8.854,all P＜0.05).The overall sensitivity,specificity and accuracy by both tracers were 92.6％(50/54),98.8％(249/252) and 97.7％(299/306).Conclusions 18F-FLT might be a better or complementary tracer to 18F-FDG for the detection of diffuse-type gastric cancer.Compared with 18FFDG PET/CT,18F-FLT PET/CT may be less sensitive but more specific and accurate for the detection of regional lymph node metastasis.The overall diagnostic accuracy can be improved by using both tracers.

Objective Cancer radio-therapy may induce bone damage of the patients.collagen type I gene expressions in osteoblast after radiation indicates the influence of radiation on the function of early and late osteoblast.Methods Bone marrow stromal cells were differentiated into osteoblasts in vitro.and the characteristics was indentified.The collagen type I expressions in early and late stage osteoblasts exposed to 1～4Gy radiation were examined by RT-PCR.Results Compared to control group,collagen type I gene expressions increased in early osteoblast after 1～3 Gy radiation (P＜0.05),while the gene expressions in late osteoblast that cultured 10 days decreased.Collagen type I gene expression in late stage ostoblast after 4 Gy irradiation was greatly higher than that in early stage osteoblast (P＜0.01).Conclusion After 1～3 Gy irradiation,the collagen type I expression in early osteoblast was enhanced,indicating the increased ability of bone formation.The exposure to 1～3 Gy decreased collagen type I expression in late osteoblast and weakened the ability of bone formation.The result of high expression of collagen type I in late osteoblast after 4 Gy irradiation may be the manifestation of compensatory function.

Objective To examine the complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein (C1QBP) gene expression in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3,and to investigate whether silence C 1QBP by small interference RNA could reverse the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.Methods Expression of C1QBP mRNA and protein in cells were detected by real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot,respectively.The difference of C 1QBP expression was compared between human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3.Sub-cellular location was proved by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.A lentiviral vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting C 1QBP was constructed and cotransfected with the packaging plasmid mixture into 293T cells by lipofectamine 2000.The human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines were infected with the packaged lentivirus.Real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot were used to validate whether the C 1QBP gene expression was silenced.The cell counting kit 8(CCK8)was used to determine the drug sensitivity.Results (1)The C1QBP mRNA expression levels among four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines[JeG-3/floxuridiuum (FUDR),JeG-3/methotrexate (MTX),JeG-3/etoposide (VP),JeG-3/dactinomycin (KSM)] were 2.520±0.680,1.770±0.230,1.940±0.090 and 1.740±0.350 folds compared to that in JeG-3 cells.The C1QBP protein was higher expression level in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines than that in JeG-3.The immunofluorescence methods and confocal analysis showed that C1QBP localized predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix.(2)The C1QBP mRNA expression in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were decreased by 93.1％ (P＜0.01).The protein expression of C 1QBP in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were almost completely suppressed.The resistance indexes of four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines(JeG-3/FUDR,JeG-3/MTX,JeG-3/VP,JeG-3/KSM) were respectively 86.3％,93.9％,92.8％ and 89.9％,which were decreased remarkably by knockdown the C 1QBP expression (P＜0.05).Conclusions C1QBP is overexpressed in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines compared with parental cell line JeG-3.Inhibition of C 1QBP by lentivirus-mediated small interference RNA could effectively reverses the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.

AIM: To study the role of TGF-?/Smad pathway in the development of renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy.METHODS: Rats were induced to diabetic nephropathy by using tail intravenous injection of STZ.The expression of TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 protein and mRNA in kidney were examined at 2,4,8 and 16 weeks after STZ induction.CTGF,collagen-Ⅲ,PAI-1 mRNA expression in kidney at 16 weeks of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and normal rats were studied by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Weak TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 protein were detected in normal renal tissues while strong TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 staining were observed in renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy(0.057?0.030/0.223?0.040;0.017?0.010/0.153?0.010,respectively,P