Objective To observe the effect of local curettage combined with ointment in fistula applying in refractory apical fistula.Methods 56 cases of patients with refractory apical fistula one month after faultless root cannal therapy divided into group A and B by lottery,with 28 cases in each group.Local curettage combined with ointment in fistula applying in group A,and no processing applying in group B.One year fellow up was given to every patient to compare the effect between the two groups.Results All the 28 cases of patients with refractory apical fistu-la were recovering in three months.The improvement rate was 100%,recovery rate 100%,and the mean time of fistula disappearing was (0.5 ±0.1)months,time of shadow around root tip disappearing (2.5 ±0.7)months.Four cases in group B were improved in three months,three cases in six months and one case in nine months,with two cases recove-ring.The improvement rate was 28.57%,recovery rate was 7.14%,and the mean time of fistula disappearing was (5.0 ±0.7)months,time of shadow around root tip disappearing (9.4 ±1.0)months.The improvement rate in group A was higher than that in group B (χ2 =33.749,P<0.05),recovery rate in group A was higher than that in group B (χ2 =49.727,P<0.05).The mean time of fistula disappearing in group A was shorter than that in group B (t=3.081,P<0.05),mean time of shadow around root tip disappearing in group A was shorter than that in group B (t=5.042,P<0.05).Conclusion It was effective to apply local curettage combined with ointment in fistula applying in refractory apical fistula,and it is worthy of clinical popularization.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the deacetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins. They play important roles in regulating chromatin remodeling and gene transcription,and that aberrant chromatin remodeling and transcriptional dysregulation are associated with many neurodegenerative diseases. Preclinical studies have suggested that histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACIs) can target diverse pathophysiologies of ischemic stroke,not only reduce neuronal damage and infarct volume,but also promote the neuronal plasticity and functional recovery after ischemia. This article mainly reviews the neuroprotective mechanisms of HDACIs in ischemic stroke.

Emodin is the main effective monomer of Rhubarb, which has a variety of pharmacological actions and valuable clinical applications.Recently, there are many reports about molecular mechanisms of emodin pharmacological actions,and they givehighly attention on the dephlogisticating and antineoplastic effects. These effects are achieved through affecting the concentration and transportation of ions, resisting of oxidation and free radical, and affecting the secretion of inflammatory factor and the enzyme activity and apoptosis and so on. This article summarizes the reports and hopes to provide theoretical basis for the practical application.

No abstract available.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli*

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term low doses of Azithromycin combined with Budesonide/Fomoterol in the treatment of stable Ⅲ to Ⅳ COPD patients. Methods Collect the confirmed COPD patients of our hospital, they were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (160μg/ 4.5 μg, Bid), the joint group (160 μg/ 4.5 μg/ Bid + azithromycin 250 mg qd). Then Observe the PEF, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, mMRC, 6 MWT, AECOPD of the two groups after treatment for 3 months and 6 months. Results the index of PEF, FEV1, FEV1/FVC of joint group improved more significantly (P < 0.05) than control group after 6 months; the mMRC, 6 MWT, AECOPD, of the two groups improve the similar degree in terms of 3 months (P > 0.05), joint group improved more significantly than control group after 6 months (P < 0.05). Conclusion the therapy of Long-term low doses of azithromycin combined with Budesonide/Fomoterol can more significantly improve lung function index , as the treatment time extended , it can significantly improve clinical symptoms ,reduce the number of exacerbations than single inhaled Budesonide/Fomoterol .

Rat brain development is a complicated process.There are significant changes of histology, cytology and molecular biology in the process of fetal and postnatal brain development.The basic structure of brain has formed in the prenatal period.While the formation of connections between different parts and the improvement of the function of the brain occur after birth, during which many of the variations are bases of the nervous system diseases, so the postnatal brain development is still very important.Although the concept of brain microenvironment has been proposed more than 150 years ago, the research about the changing extracellular space ( ECS ) during the postnatal brain development has yet to gain significant progress.The author reviewed the anatomical and physiological characteristics of ECS in the process of postnatal development of the rat, stating the important role of ECS in the individual development, which is expected to provide reliable evidences for the explore of mechanisms and effective treatment approaches of pediatric development related nervous system diseases.

Objective To study the effects of overexpression of helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF) on radiation-induced apoptosis of human lung carcinoma cells.Methods Human lung carcinoma cellline A549 were cultured,transfected with FLAG-tagged HLTF expression plasmid pcDNA3.1/HLTF-FLAG (HLTF gene transfection group) ,empty plasmid vector pcDNA3.1 (empty vector group) ,and mock transfection group,respectively,and then exposed to 60Co γ-ray irradiation.Cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry 48 h post-irradiation.Western blotting was used to detect the levels of HLTF in the nucleus and cytoplasm and the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria into cytoplasm.Results The apoptosis rate of the HLTF gene group was (32.2 ± 2.1) %,significantly higher than those of the empty vector group [(11.4±2.3)%] and mock transfection group [(11.1 ±1.8)%] (F=101.85,P＜0.05).The level of cytochrome C in the cytoplasm of the HLTF gene group was significantly higher than that of the empty plasmid group.Conclusions HLTF protein sensitizes human lung carcinoma cells to radiation-induced apoptosis,partly by promoting the nuclear-cytoplasma transition of HLTF protein and the increased release of cytochrome C.

Objective To investigate curative effect thymoleptics with couple therapy for the patients with postpartum depression (PPD) Methods 27 patients first time diagnosed with PPD consistent with DSM-Ⅳwere randomly divided into study group and control group.The study group received regular thymoleptics with couple therapy,a control group were administered solo thymoleptics.Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-17) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS-10) and OLSON marriage quality questionnaire assessed the efficacy of each group before treatment and after 12 weeks treatment.Results (1) According to the total effective rate,there was no significantly differences in two groups after 12 weeks treatment from evaluation of HAMD-17>(P0.05),but complete remission of study group was higher than control group (78.6% ,46.2% ;P<0.05).(2) After 12 weeks treatment there were significantly differences in mean scores of HAMD-17 and EPDS-10 between two groups (P<0.05).The most decreased scores of HAMD-17 and EPDS-10 was found in the study group,and mean scores of each group was lower than pretherapy(P<0.05).(3) There was no significant difference on the scores of eight factors in OLSON marriage quality questionnaire between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05).After 12 weeks treatment the study group had higher score than control in seven factors in addition to sexual life factor (P<0.05).Conclusion Thymoleptics with couple therapy can improve the marriage quality and increase curative effects outstrip solo thymoleptics for the patients with postpartum depression.

Objective The aim of this study is to undemtand the development of peripheral nerve injury on diabetes mellitus.Methods Diabetes was induced by STZ.We determined nerve conduction velocity,thermal pain threshold,morphoh)gy changes of sciatic nerve and quantitative analysis of sural nerve of diabetic model group and normal control group after 2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks,12 weeks respectively,and observed dynamically functional and morphologic changes of peripheral nerve of diabetic rats.Results After 2 weeks,diabetic rats showed that motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities slowed down and thermal pain threshold decreased.After 4 weeks.changes of pathology of sciatic nerve were observed.With the duration extending,the damages of nerve were aggravated gradually.Conclusions Neumpathy appeared in earlier stage on experimental diabetic rats and functional changes were preceded to morphologic changes.

Objective To investigate whether intrathecal administration of corticotrophin releasing factor(CRF) has an efficacy on visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome model rat.Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=10 ).After establishment of irritable bowel syndrome rat model were intrathecal injected with CRF or preemptive peritoneal injected with CP-154526,which is inhibitor of CRF-1 receptor,and the control group to give saline.After experiment all rat with the method of rectal balloon distention,the perception thresholds and the number of abdominal withdrawal reflexes (AWR) of different balloon volume were observed.Results The perception threshold of intrathecal administration of CRF group was(0.62±0.10)ml and higher than other two groups [(0.52±0.09)ml,(0.56±0.08)ml;F=3.25,P＜0.05].At the same time,the number of AWR to the lower balloon content (1.0 ml) was(9.10±1.97)in intrathecal administration of CRF group slightly lower than other two groups[(14.4±1.71),(15.6±2.32);F=29.4,P＜0.01],but no difference was found to the higher balloon content (1.5 ml and 2.0 ml).Besides,the areas and OD value of c-fos positive neurons in cornu posterius medullae spinalis in group with intrathecal administration of CRF were significantly lower than other two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal administration of CRF can degrade the visceral hyperensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome model rat,and lower expression of c-fos in CNS is probably involved in the process.