The need for special medical services are described and analyzed from the connotation of the characteristics of several types and models,in the hope of providing reference for the study of special need of medical services.

BACKGROUND: Abnormal hemorheologic index was often observed in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Although this alteration is not the main cause for the onset of cerebral infarction (CI), the changes of hemorrheology should not be ignored.OBJECTIVE: To study the hemorrheologic alterations of patients in different sexes with CI and transient ischemic attack (TIA), and investigate the significance of hemorrheologic index on the treatment of disease and the value of prognostic assessment.DESIGN: Non-randomized controlled and homochronous study based on patients and healthy people.SETTING: Medical physics institute in a university and a neurological department in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 91 CI patients, including 64 males and 27 females with the mean age of (64 ± 9), and 40 TIA patients, including 20 males and 20 females with the mean age of (58 ± 11 ), were selected from the Neurological Department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University from January to December 2000. Another 84 healthy volunteers, including 52 males and 32 females with the mean age of (56 ± 10), were selected as the control group homochronously.METHODS: 2 mL fasting venous blood from elbow was taken in the morning and heparin was used against coagulation. Blood viscosity was assayed with NXE-1 cone-plate viscometer (made in Chengdu, China).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: High blood viscosity, low blood viscosity,plasma viscosity, hematocrit, erythrocyte aggregation index and fibrinogen content of CI or TIA patients in different sexes and the controls.RESULTS: Each item of hemorrheologic index of male CI or TIA patients was significant higher than that of the controls, and the differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05 -0.01 ). Each item of hemorrheologic index of female CI patients was significant higher than that of the controls, and the differences were significant ( P ＜ 0.05 - 0.01). Blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and fibrinogen content of female TIA patients were significant differences from those of the controls ( P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The increase of hematocrit and fibrinogen content are the main factor causing the increase in blood viscosity.

Objective To summarize the advancement of breast cancer stem cells and genotyping and analyze the correlation between the two.Methods Relevant literatures about breast cancer stem cells and genotyping,which were published recently were collected and reviewed.Results Cancer stem cell origin theory was supported by researches of correlation between breast cancer stem cells and genotyping,which also explained the complexity of intrinsic subtypes and heterogeneity of breast cancer.Conclusions A new way can be detected to study the formation mechanism and biological characteristics of breast cancer at the cellular and molecular level by researches of correlation between breast cancer stem cells and genotyping,which are expected to provide new strategies and tools for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)is an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase,which is a key protein kinase regulating cell growth,proliferation,translation,metabolism and autophagy.It's first known beca- nuse inhibited by rapamycin.Research indicated that mTOR plays a key regulating role in physiological and patho- logical process of cardiovascular system.The present article mainly reviewed research progress of mTOR signal path- way effect in cardiovascular system.

Objective To investigate the effect of Guizhi Fuling pills on levels of serum MAPK, ERK and VEGF in patients with endometriosis. Methods 60 patients with endometriosis were selected and according to the random control table were divided into the experiment group and the control group, 30 cases each.The control group were treated with conventional acetate goserelin sustained-release implantation agent subcutaneous injection, the experiment group were treated by Guizhi Fuling pill treatment.After treatment, the clinical efficacy, serum MAPK, ERK-5, VEGF, ERK, T-cad and VE-cad levels of the patients were compared.Results Compared with the control group, the clinical total effective rate was higher in the experiment group (P<0.05);MAPK and ERK-5 levels in serum were lower (P<0.05), ERK level in serum was lower(P<0.05);T-cad and VE-cad levels in serum were lower(P<0.05);VEGF level in serum was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion Guizhi Fuling pill can block the cell signal transduction pathway through inhibition of MEK and ERK activity, thereby inhibit abnormal endometrial proliferation and cell division cycle, can effectively inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of the tumor.

Objective To explore the efficacy of calmodulin antagonist berbamine(BBM) in down-regulating survivin mRNA. Methods Human breast cancer cell line MCF7 and its adriamycin-resistant counterpart MCF7/ADR were used in the study. The cells were cultured with different concentration of BBM for 72 hours. The mRNA expression level of survivin gene in both MCF and MCF7/ADR cells was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results After treating MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cells by 20?mol/L BBM, the mRNA expression level of survivin gene decreased from 0.43?0.02 to 0.21?0.04 in MCF7 cells, and from 0.57?0.05 to 0.45?0.04 in MCF/ADR cells(P

The change of myocatdial protein kinase C (PKC) activity during ische-mia and reperfusion was studied in isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts. The enzymeactivity was determined by measuring the incorporation of ~(32)P from (r-~(32)P) ATP intohistone. The cytosolic PKC activity was similar in control, ischemic and reperfused hearts;however, there were significant increases in the membrane PKC activity during ischemia and reperfusion There were 1.68, 1.88, 2.18 and 1.34 fold increases of the membrane PKC activity at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after ischemia respetively Following15 minutes of ischemia, repetfusion of heart only caused 1.37 fold increase in the mem-brane PKC activity, compared with that at 15 minutes after ischemta no siginificant differ-ence was found. These results suggested, that the signal transduction mediated by PKC wasimpaired during the development of ischemic and post-ischemic reperfusion injuty of theheart. Panaxadiol saponin decreased the enhanced membrane PKC avtivity induced by is-chemia by 62.5%.

OBJECTIVE:To recommend modern work model for hospital pharmacy. METHODS: Based on the practice of the construction of modernized dispensary in our hospital, we analyzed the constructions of automated outpatient dispensary and integrated tidy and clear inpatient dispensary as well as informationized traditional Chinese medicine dispensary, the practice of clinical pharmacy and the production of hospital preparations etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The modernized pharmacy work pattern carried out in our hospital embodies patients-oriented and rational drug use-based idea, and due to which, informationization and digitalization of pharmacy management has been achieved basically; therefore, this model deserves to be followed by other hospitals.

Objective To explore the effect of continuous hyperglycemia on learning and memory capacity in rats, and to observe the changes of expressions of ubiquitin and apotosis-related proteins, so as to provide a relative basis for diabetic encephalopathy. Methods The male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and diabetes mellitus (DM) group. The DM rats was made by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ). The capacities of learning and memory were tested by Y-maze. The structure changes in frontal lobe cortex and hippocampus were observed by Nissl's staining and immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis cell count was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The expressions of Bcl-2 and P53 were assessed by Western-blot analysis. The expression of ubiquitin mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results In DM rats, the learning and memory capacities were worse than in control rats (P＜0. 05), and the apoptosis cell counts in frontal lobe cortex and hippocampus were higher than in control rats, the expression of Bcl-2 gene was reduced while the expressions of ubiquitin and P53 gene were increased (P＜0. 05). Conclusions In the frontal lobe cortex and hippocampus, the expression of Bcl-2 gene is reduced while the apoptosis cell numbers and ubiquitin P53 gene expression are increased, which may contribute to neurodegeneration in DM rats.

Method of selecting points in foot-hand same-name meridians was used to treat 24 cases of Osteoarthritis of knee joint, and the therapeutic results showed 15 cases were cured, 4 cases got significant effect and 4 cases got improvement.