To explore the feasibility of sevoflurane used in obstetric anesthesia and examine its effects on neonatal Apgar scores.A total of 60 cases of term primipara were assigned into epidural anesthesia assisted sevoflurane inhalation group (experimental group,n =30) and epidural anesthesia group (control group,n =30).In the experimental group after skin incision,the patients could not tolerate the anesthesia mask inhalation of sevoflurane.And the control group received no adjuvant drug.The maternal inhalation of sevoflurane to delivery of fetus after 1 min,5 min,10 min Apgar scores were analyzed.And the inhalation of sevoflurane to fetal childbirth duration were 4-10 min in two groups.The intergroup difference of newborn Apgar scores had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Epidural anesthesia assisted sevoflurane inhalation for cesarean section had no significant effect on neonatal Apgar scores.

OBJECTIVE: To put forward proposals for improving essential medicines system in China.METHODS: The problems existing in the essential medicine system in China and the successful experience of some other countries were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Considering the current medical economy level and the capacity on research & development(R&D) of drugs,China should draw inspiration from WHO and other developed countries about their successful experiences on essential drugs to improve the screening methods for essential medicines list,assign legal status for essential medicines and build up system of production,procurement and distribution of essential medicines according to the basic national situation of our country and finally establish the essential medicine system suitable to our country's condition.

BACKGROUND: Much research focuses on the link between β-amyloid peptide and neuron death, but there is little work about white matter alterations in the Alzheimer's disease.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anterior commissure pathological alteration in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice which model brain amyloidosis of Alzheimer's disease.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A grouping observational study based on the histology was performed in the Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between September 2007 and September 2008.MATERIALS: Female transgenic APP/PS1 mice [Thy1 APP751 SL (Swedish mutation KM670/671NL, London mutation V7171 introduced in human sequence APP751) × human mutation gene PS1 M146L], control animals were amyloid-deposit free female PS1 mice. A total of 28 mice were divided into young group (2 months, 8 APP/PS1, 7 PS1) and old group (24 months, 6 APP/PS1, 7 PS1).METHODS: The slides of brain tissue were stained with Congo red and antibody against amyloid beta (4G8) to detect brain amyloidosis in Alzheimer's disease transgenic model. Myelin was stained with gold chloride and axon was stained with anti-neurofilament M antibody. The anterior commissure axonal density and myelination were quantitatively analyzed with the relative optical density value of staining with densitometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The staining of intracellular and extracellular amyloid beta; ②the average area of anterior commissure in the coronal brain tissue sections; ④the relative optical density value of myelin and axon staining in the anterior commissure.RESULTS: A lot of Congo red positive amyloid beta plaques were observed in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and anterior commissure of aged APP/PS1 mice, while intracellular amyloid beta was only present in the cortex of young APP/PS1 mice. A prominent increase in the surface area of the anterior commissure was observed in aged PS1 mice compared with young PS1 mice and aged APP/PS1 mice. The neurofilament staining remarkably decreased, both in aged APP/PS1 and aged PS1 mice; an increase trend of myelination in the anterior commissure was observed both the forementioned groups. Different phenotype analysis demonstrated that axonal density and myelination was comparative in the young APP/PS1 and young PS1 mice; axonal density of aged APP/PS1 mice decreased remarkably compared with aged PS1 control mice, while myelination of aged APP/PS1 mice had no significant difference with aged PS1 mice.CONCLUSION: There exists an axon loss in the anterior commissure in the aged APP/PS1 mice with a complete myelin sheath. The amyloid beta shows a direct toxicity on the axon.

BACKGROUND: Much research focuses on the link between ?-amyloid peptide and neuron death, but there is little work about white matter alterations in the Alzheimer’s disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anterior commissure pathological alteration in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice which model brain amyloidosis of Alzheimer’s disease. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A grouping observational study based on the histology was performed in the Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between September 2007 and September 2008. MATERIALS: Female transgenic APP/PS1 mice [Thy1 APP751 SL (Swedish mutation KM670/671NL, London mutation V717I introduced in human sequence APP751) ? human mutation gene PS1 M146L], control animals were amyloid-deposit free female PS1 mice. A total of 28 mice were divided into young group (2 months, 8 APP/PS1, 7 PS1) and old group (24 months, 6 APP/PS1, 7 PS1). METHODS: The slides of brain tissue were stained with Congo red and antibody against amyloid beta (4G8) to detect brain amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic model. Myelin was stained with gold chloride and axon was stained with anti-neurofilament M antibody. The anterior commissure axonal density and myelination were quantitatively analyzed with the relative optical density value of staining with densitometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The staining of intracellular and extracellular amyloid beta; ②the average area of anterior commissure in the coronal brain tissue sections; ③the relative optical density value of myelin and axon staining in the anterior commissure. RESULTS: A lot of Congo red positive amyloid beta plaques were observed in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and anterior commissure of aged APP/PS1 mice, while intracellular amyloid beta was only present in the cortex of young APP/PS1 mice. A prominent increase in the surface area of the anterior commissure was observed in aged PS1 mice compared with young PS1 mice and aged APP/PS1 mice. The neurofilament staining remarkably decreased, both in aged APP/PS1 and aged PS1 mice; an increase trend of myelination in the anterior commissure was observed both the forementioned groups. Different phenotype analysis demonstrated that axonal density and myelination was comparative in the young APP/PS1 and young PS1 mice; axonal density of aged APP/PS1 mice decreased remarkably compared with aged PS1 control mice, while myelination of aged APP/PS1 mice had no significant difference with aged PS1 mice. CONCLUSION: There exists an axon loss in the anterior commissure in the aged APP/PS1 mice with a complete myelin sheath. The amyloid beta shows a direct toxicity on the axon.

The application and development of catalytic fluorimetry in recent years were reviewed with 103 references. The new technique and application of catalytic fluorimetric methods, such as the determination of catalyst and activator, multicomponent determination, enzyme catalysis, the effect of micelle in multicomponent determination and enzyme catalysis, the combination with flow-injection or stopped-flow tachniques and laser induced fluorimetry, time resolved fluorimetry, bioreactor control, biosensor, medicine assay, bioanalysis were mainly discussed. Future study was envisioned

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Zhiyang (GV9) in treating stomachache due to deficient cold.MethodEligible subjects with stomachache due to deficient cold were randomized into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was intervened by ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Zhiyang, while the control group was by conventional acupuncture treatment. The clinical efficacies were then observed.ResultThe total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 73.3% in the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment groupwas significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionGinger-partitioned moxibustion can produce a better therapeutic efficacy in treating stomachache due to deficient cold than conventional acupuncture.

Alzheimer′s disease ( AD) is the most common disease leading to dementia .With aging of the population , the morbidity of AD is increasing significantly , which brings serious burden personally and socially .So the early diagnosis of AD has be-come the hotspot in the current research field .In order to highlight new ideas for the early diagnosis of AD , the current review will ana-lyze from the first international diagnostic criteria for AD dementia to the latest conceptual framework for research on subjective cogni -tive decline in preclinical Alzheimer′s disease.

Objective To investigate the infection status and distribution characteristic of Helicobacter pylori (Hp)in different groups of population in Yangzhou.Methods 2 917 individuals from outpatients,hospitalized patients,and physical examination pop-ulation were recruited in the study.Serum samples from the subjects were rapidly detected using Helicobacter pylori urease antibody detection kits(Colloidal Gold method).The results were statistically analyzed.Results The totally Hp-detection rate of the 2 917 individuals was 32.9% (959/2 917).The Hp-detection rates of outpatients,hospitalized patients,and physical examination popula-tion were 33.1%,34.5% and 30.0% respectively.There were no significant difference in the positive rates between the male and female individuals(P >0.05).Overall,The Hp-positive rates increased with age.The minors(juveniles and children)had the lowest Hp-positive rate 16.0%(285/1 529);The Hp-positive rate of young adults was 34.0%(221/650),which was at the middle;elderly group had the highest Hp-positive rate 61.38%(453/758).59.8% of the patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal diseases were Hp positive.Among which,patients with peptic ulcer(74.4%)and gastric cancer(70.6%)have the highest detection rates.Some pa-tients with blood diseases,cardiovascular disease and some other diseases were also found with high Hp-detection rates.Conclusion The distribution of the Hp infection in population is positively correlated with age,but not with gender.Gastrointestinal diseases, especially peptic ulcers and gastric cancer,have high Hp infection rates,the relationships of Hp infections with some other diseases cannot be ignored and need to be further explored.

The morbidity and nortality of esophageal carcinoma showed an upward trend in recent years.Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is the nain mode of treatment for advanced esophageal carcinoma,including neoadjuvant chemotherapy,neoadjuvant radiotherapy and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy.However,there are still many controversies on efficacies and advantages or disadvantages of treatment mode.In this article,authors will investigate the present situations and future direction of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Objective To study relation between tumor blood vessels around hepatocellular carcinomas and metastases and try to find out probability to predict potential metastases of hepatocellular carcinomas according to CT manifestation.Methods Both CT plain scans and dynamic contrast scans were taken in 134 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinomas.The tumor blood vessels around and in cancers were counted.CT appearances,pathology results and patient follow-up were compared and analyzed.Results 1.The possibilty to happen metastases was much higher in carcinomas with heavy enhancement than that with gently or middle.2.Those with tumor blood vessel around neoplasm were greater metastasis rate than those without them.3.The enhancement degree in tumor border is positive correlation with blood count.Conclusion The latent metastases can be estimated according to the enhancing degree and tumor blood vessels around carcinomas.