No abstract available.
Hemangioma* ; Injections, Intralesional* ; Propranolol ; Triamcinolone*

Author list should be corrected.

No abstract available.
Dapsone* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Hypersensitivity*

No abstract available.
Fractures, Spontaneous* ; Osteoporosis*

This study was undertaken to observe the effects of centrally administred antihistamines on the blood pressure. Diphenhydramine(DPH), a H1-receptor antagonist, and ranitidine(RAN), a H2-receptor antagonist were administered intracerebroventricularly(icv) on urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 1) Both DPH and RAN administered intraccebroventricularly increased blood pressure, however the intravenous(iv) adminstration of them did not affect blood pressure. The pressor response to icv DPH was dose-dependent, but that to icv RAN was not. 2) The pressor response to icv DPH(1mg) was either markedly attenuated or reversed to depressor response by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(250,500ug), and iv chlorisondamine(0.1, 1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). In cord-sectioned rabbtis, icv RAN) 1mg) did not produce pressor response. 3) The pressor responsr to icv RAN(1mg) was not affected by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(500ug), iv chlorisondamin(1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg), and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). RAN also producted pressor response in cordsectioned rabbits. These results suggest that the pressor response to icv DPH is elecited by increasing peripheral sympathetic tone via the stimulation of central alpha-adrenoreceptors and the pressor response to icv RAN is produced by releasing some humoral facotr which can increase blood pressure.
Blood Pressure ; Diphenhydramine* ; Histamine Antagonists ; Rabbits* ; Ranitidine*

Twin pregnancies represent a high risk obstetric population with perinatal morbidity and mortality much greater than that of singleton pregnancies. A retrospective dinical evaluation was attempted to analyse 211 cases of twin pregnancies in Chunchon Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University from Jan. l. 1988 to Dec. 31. 1997. The results were as follows. 1) The incidence of twin pregnancy was 1 in 93.9 deliveries. 2) The age of mother ranged from 19 to 42 years and predominant age group was 26-30 which covers 43.1% of all. 3) Nullipara was 61.1% and multipara was 38.9%. 4) The predominant gestational age group at delivery was 36-37 weeks, 33.2%. 5) In presentation, both cephalic combination was 46.4%, cephalic-breech was 26.1%. 6) The birth weight was less than 2500gm in 64.9% of the 1st babies and 70.6% of the 2nd babies, respectively. 7) The rate of cesarean section was 89.0%. The indications of cesarean section were malpresention (48.9%), elective cesarean section(38.8%), and toxemia(9.0%). 8) In 23 cases of vaginal delivery, the average duration of labor was 7.0 hours and 43.5% of 2nd baby was delivered within 5 min after 1st baby delivery, 9) The most frequent maternal complications during pregnancy were anemia(36.0%), preterm labor(34.6%) and preeclamsia(17.5%). 10) The perinatal mortality rate of the first and second twins was 10.4% and 12.3%, respectively. The main causes of perinatal death were prematurity(52.1%) and stillborn(22.9%). 11) Both female was 43.6%, both male was 39.3%, and opposite sex was 17.1% in infant.
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Gestational Age ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Mortality ; Mothers ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Retrospective Studies

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between the planned and verified actual values in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed using a navigation system. Methods: Sixty patients who underwent primary TKA for knee pain from March 2018 to July 2018 were included in this study.All patients underwent TKA using the latest version of a computer navigation system (Kick ver. 2.6). All TKA procedures were performed by the same surgeon. The appropriateness of the use of navigation system in each of the several steps during the operation was investigated. Implant size was assessed using a preoperative template and after registration of landmarks with the navigation system. Intraoperative measurement was conducted using a femoral sizing implant apparatus. The difference between the planned value based on the navigation system and the actual cutting value was investigated. Intraoperatively confirmed hip-knee-ankle angle was also compared to the angle measured at postoperative 3 months. Results: The average time spent on the registration process was 242 seconds (range, 205–345 seconds). Intraoperative femoral component size tended to be smaller than the size recommended by the navigation system. A significant difference between the planned distal femoral cutting level (9.08 ± 0.40 mm) and the verified actual cutting level (9.87 ± 1.39 mm) was identified (p < 0.05).The difference between the planned lateral and medial tibial resection levels (10.12 ± 0.34 mm and 4.47 ± 2.17 mm, respectively) and the verified actual lateral and medial tibial resection levels (9.07 ± 1.45 mm and 3.48 ± 2.00 mm, respectively) was statistically significant. Distal femoral cutting angle in sagittal plane was significantly different but femoral and tibial cutting angles showed no significant difference between the planned and verified values. At full extension, the average coronal alignment of the implant recorded after insertion of the actual implant using the navigation system was 0.23° ± 0.51° varus and showed no significant difference from the alignment measured at postoperative 3 months (0.45° ± 0.58°). Conclusions When performing navigation-assisted TKA, surgeons should aware that frequent errors can occur on the femoral cutting level, tibial cutting level, and implant sizing despite its reported advantage in defining the mechanical limb axis.

The dose-ralated dffects of intravenous infusion of thiopental and ketamine on the rat EEG were evaluated quantitatively by spectrum analysis of EEG recorded from the rat scalp. The anesthetics were infused into jugular vein at various rates ranging from 0 to 8ug/min/g body weight, and then bipolar EEG was recorded from the rat scalp and tis spectrum were calculated by powere wpectrum analysis. the density of each bands(delta 1-3.25, theta 3.5-7.75, alpha 8-12.15, beta 1.13-17.75, beta 2.18-20.75, and beta 3.21-31.75Hz) and total density were derived from the spectrums. In visual inspection of conventional EEG, low doses of thiopental increased the amplitudes of spinles. but higher doses decreased the amplitube gradually to electrical silence with increase of infusion rates. During infusion of higher doses of ketamine, two types of EEG were identified by the spectral patterns:The one was the cases in which increases of the power density over all frequency ranges were observed, and the other was those in which marked increases of density in specific frequency were observed. In thiopental infusion, the densities of all bands were increased to peak at 1~2ug/min/g and therafter were decreased with higher rates of infusion. In ketamine infusion, the densities were increased when the infusion rate was increased. These results suggest that, by the changing patterns of the band densities dervied from spectrum analysis of EEG, not only the effect on EEG of thiopental of tetamine can be quantified but also their differences of mechanisms of action on brain be reflected.
Anesthetics ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Brain ; Electroencephalography* ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Jugular Veins ; Ketamine* ; Rats* ; Scalp ; Spectrum Analysis* ; Thiopental*

The purpose of the study was to investigate two areas as a basis for providing an educational program for pulmonary rehabilitation. A) the learning needs about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and B) the perception of nurses of the same learning needs. The subjects consisted of 57 patients, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, at the general hospital in Seoul and 71 nurses, who were working in the medical ward. Data was obtained from a "learning need" questionnaire between October 29 and November 19, '99. Data was analyzed using SAS program for t-test, ANOVA, Scheff test. The result were as follows: 1. The learning needs of the nurses(mean 4.36 +/- .38) were higher than those of the patients (mean 3.56 +/- .83). (t=6.78, P=.001) 2. The highest ranked patient education needs were as follows ; a)"how to control dyspnea", b)"cause for activating dyspnea", and c)"how to minimize the necessity of oxygen in daily living": and nurses' learning needs were ; a)"how to cope with the risk situation", b)"management after discharge", and c)"how to control dyspnea". 3. In the patient group, those who had a college degree or higher education and paid their own hospital expenses were higher in the learning needs. According to the above results, we should consider an educational program which is realistic and effective for patients by evaluating the items the patients really want to learn about and how much they know about the evaluated items.
Education ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Learning* ; Oxygen ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Rehabilitation ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Skull base surgery has developed through the evolution of imaging, anatomic research, surgical approach and reconstructive techniques. The basic disciplines of approaching skull base lesions are provide direct vision, minimizing brain retraction, excellent exposure and minimal blood loss. The focus of this report is to review the advantages of skull base approach in our cases and suggest some indications. We experienced 20 cases of skull base surgery by a team approach consisting of a neurosurgeon and plastic surgeon. The surgical approach were supraorbital osteotomy(5 case), orbitozygomatic osteotomy(8 case), orbitozygomaticoglenoid osteotomy (5 case ) and orbitozygomaticoglenoidocondylar osteotomy (2 case). In our experience, these approaches provided excellent exposure of the lesion, direct access to lesions and minimal brain retraction thereby better outcome.
Brain ; Osteotomy ; Skull Base* ; Skull* ; Surgery, Plastic*