The trematode Paramphistomum cervi empolyed in this experiment was obtained from the reticulum of cattle slaughtered at the local abbatoir. The worms were selected and washed several times in normal sterilized saline solution. Each about ten of intact worms were incubated in 50 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation mixture consisting of 50 cc of Krebs-Ringer phosohate buffer (pH 7.4) to which were added universally labeled C(14)-glucose and non-radioactive carrier glucose concentration of 200 mg per cent. The worms were allowed to incubate for 3 hours in the incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, respiratory CO(2) samples from central wall of incubation flask were analysed for total CO(2) production rate and their specific activity of respiratory CO(2). Glycogen samples isolated from worms were analysed for the tissue concentration and their radioactivities in order to determine the turnover rate of glycogen pool. The glucose uptake rate was determined by analysing the difference of the glucose concentration in a medium before and after incubation period. Radioactivities of these series of experiments were counted by an endwindow Geiger-Muller counter as an infinitely thin samples. The quantitative analysis of C(14)-glucose utilized by Paramphistomum cervi was summerized as the following. The glucose uptake rate by Paramphistomum was a mean value of 2.32+/-0.27 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. and total CO(2) production rate by the worms averaged 10.85+/-0.41 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. The relative specific activities of respiratory CO(2) averaged 49.72+/-13.20 per cent. Thus, a mean of 49.72 per cent of total CO(2) production rate was originated from the glucose in the medium, therefore the rate of CO(2) production derived from medium glucose was mean of 5.24+/-2.16 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. Thus, the average value of 37.46+/-5.28 per cent of glucose utilized by the worms from the medium glucose was oxidized to respiratory CO(2). The tissue concentration of Paraphismum was a mean of 41.56+/-5.82 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt or 4.16+/-0.72 per cent/g , and the turnover rate of glycogen pool yielded with a mean of 0.12+/-0.014 percent/hr or 0.06+/-0.04 mg/hr/g of wet wt. Therefore, a mean value of 16.75+/-4.84 per cent of glucose was incorporated to the glycogen. These data account for that at least 54.21 per cent of the utilized glucose by the worms participated in furnishing the oxidation into respiratory CO(2) and the synthetic process into glycogen. According to the above data of the experiment, it is suggested in the metabolic process of glucose by the Paramphistomum that the synthetic process into the glycogen is less active than the oxidative process into the resppiratory CO(2).
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Paramphistomum cervi ; autoradiography ; biochemistry ; glucose ; metabolism ; CO(2) ; glycogen

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma appears to be a distinct and rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma with characteristic gross and microscopic features. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma should be separated from multilocular cyst, multilocular cystic nephroma, and renal cell carcinoma with cystic degeneration. We present a case of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. A 61-year-old man presented with right flank pain for 4 years. The computerized tomography revealed multilocular cystic mass in the upper pole of right kidney. The cystic mass measured 4.5x4 cm. The cyst was multilocular and locules not communicated with each other. The solid area was not present. Microscopically, the locules were lined by flat or cuboidal neoplastic clear cells. The clear cells were focally aggregated in the septa. The nephron was not present in the septa.
Male ; Humans ; Cysts

To define the basic sequential events of the healing process in normal fracture and evaluate the role of growth regulatory molecules and extracellular matrix components, the expression of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF), type I and II collagen, and chemistry during the healing process of an experimental fracture of tibia in 41 adult rats for 7 weeks using ABC methods. The phases of inflammation, reparation, and remodeling followed each other in sequence. The inflammatory phase was characterized by hemorrhage, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells on the first day. During the reparative phase, the undifferentiated mesenchyme undergoes rapid chondrogenesis, followed by endochondral ossification and supplemented by appositional bone formation. At day 3, the expression of TGF-β and PDGF was noted in the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and from day 5, these two growth factors were detected in the osteoblasts and extracellular matrix in areas of endochondral ossification and newly formed periosteal bone. From day 3, the expression of type I collagen and osteonectin was noted in the osteoblasts and extracellular matrix in both endochondral ossification and appositional bone growth as a marker of ossification. From day 3, type III collagen was mainly expressed in the plump mesenchymal cells showing chondroid differentiation and chondroid matrix as a marker of cartilaginous reparative phase. From day 14, these growth factors and extracellular matrix components were decreased in staining intensity and at the 5th week, the histology and immunostaining pattern were similar to the mature bone.
Adult ; Animals ; Bone Development ; Chemistry ; Chondrogenesis ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type III ; Collagen ; Edema ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fracture Healing ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mesoderm ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Osteonectin ; Rats ; Tibia ; Transforming Growth Factors

The case of an 33-year-old man with an intradural and extramedullary enterogenous cyst in the thoracic spinal canal is presented. Enterogenous cysts are rare cystic tumors located in the spinal canal and causing spinal compression, and about half of the cases of enterogenous cysts are associated with congenital anomalies. This patient, however, had no vertebral anomaly or other evidence of congenital melformation. We reviewed literatures and recorded the distinguished features of intraspinal enterogenous cysts and discuss the clinical, radiological and histological findings.
Adult ; Humans ; Spinal Canal*

BACKGROUND: Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a complex species and 3 perfect states, Arthroderma benhamiae, A. vanbreuseghemii, and A. simii have been described. In Korea and Japan, all of the isolates of T. mentagrophytes of which the perfect states determined were known as A. vanbreuseghemii till recently. However, in Japan, one isolate from a monkey was reported as A. simii and several strains from rabbits or patients were A. benhamiae. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the existence of A. simii or A. benhamiae in Korea. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to determine the teleomorphs of 19 strains of T. mentagrophytes isolated from Korean patients infected from pets and 4 from the skin lesions of rabbits. METHODS: DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) area of the 23 isolates and 3 reference strains were determined and matched with the data registered in GenBank nucleotide sequence database. RESULTS: The sequencing data of 22 isolates were very similar to those of A. vanbreuseghemii and 1 to T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale respectively. CONCLUSION: Although all of the clinical isolates were related with A. vanbreuseghemii in this study, the possibility of the existence of A. simii and A. benhamiae in Korea is still high and further study is needed.
Animals* ; Arthrodermataceae ; Base Sequence* ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Haplorhini ; Humans* ; Japan ; Korea ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Trichophyton*

No abstract available.
Lasers, Gas* ; Telangiectasis* ; Yttrium*

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma is a common cause of respiratory infections and may require differential diagnosis from Kawasaki disease (KD). In this study, we investigated the frequency and clinical manifestations of mycoplasma infection in patients with KD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 375 in-patients admitted for treatment during the acute stage of KD, were collected, and reviewed retrospectively. Of these patients, 152 (40.5%) were also tested for recent mycoplasma infection. Patients with positive results (anti-mycoplasma IgM Ab >1:640 or cold agglutinin >1:64) were designated as the case group (n = 37, 24.3%) whereas those with negative results were designated as the control group (n = 115, 75.7%). Clinical findings of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: Patients in the case group were older than those in the control group (mean age, 48.2 ± 32.1 months, vs. 31.7 ± 21.7 months; P = 0.001). There were significant differences between the case and control groups in the changes in the extremities (78.3% vs. 57.4%, respectively; P = 0.031), and in fever duration (6.5 ± 2.5 days vs. 5.4 ± 1.5 days; P = 0.047). Of the 37 patients with positive mycoplasma testing, 7 (18.9%) had persistent fever even after the symptoms and signs of systemic inflammation (acute phase of KD) had been resolved. These patients were positive for mycoplasma infection during further evaluation of persistent fever, and all of them responded to macrolide antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: We found that mycoplasma infection is somewhat related to KD. When fever persists after resolution of the acute stage of KD, mycoplasma infection may be considered as a possible cause of fever in preschool-aged children.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Fever* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins* ; Inflammation ; Medical Records ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Mycoplasma Infections* ; Mycoplasma* ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies

A sciatic nerve injury can arise from a penetrating injury of the thigh, a longstanding malposition or after hip arthroplasty. However, it rarely occurs after a subtrochanteric fracture of the femur. We report a case of sciatic nerve entrapment associated with a subtrochanteric fracture of the femur, which was aggravated after skeletal traction.
Arthroplasty ; Femur ; Hip ; Sciatic Nerve* ; Thigh ; Traction

Background/Aims: Frailty increases the risks of in-hospital adverse events such as delirium, falls, and functional decline in older adults. We assessed the feasibility and clinical relevance of frailty status in Korean older inpatients using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Korean version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight scale (K-FRAIL) questionnaires. Methods: Frailty status was measured using the Korean-translated version of the CFS and K-FRAIL questionnaire within 3 days from admission in 144 consecutive patients aged 60 years or older. The correlation between CFS and K-FRAIL score was assessed. The criterion validity of CFS was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. As outcomes, delirium, bedsore, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, and unplanned 30-day readmission were measured by reviewing medical records. Results: The mean age of the study population was 70.1 years (range, 60 to 91), and 75 (52.1%) were men. By linear regression analysis, CFS and K-FRAIL were positively correlated (B = 0.72, p < 0.001). A CFS cutoff of ≥ 5 maximized sensitivity + specificity to classify frailty using K-FRAIL as a reference (C-index = 0.893). Higher frailty burden by both CFS and K-FRAIL was associated with higher LOS and bedsores. Unplanned readmission and in-hospital mortality were associated with higher CFS score but not with K-FRAIL score, after adjusting for age, gender, polypharmacy, and multimorbidity. Conclusions Frailty status by CFS was associated with LOS, bedsores, unplanned readmission, and in-hospital mortality. CFS can be used to screen high-risk patients who may benefit from geriatric interventions and discharge planning in acutely hospitalized older adults.

Background/Aims: Frailty increases the risks of in-hospital adverse events such as delirium, falls, and functional decline in older adults. We assessed the feasibility and clinical relevance of frailty status in Korean older inpatients using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Korean version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight scale (K-FRAIL) questionnaires. Methods: Frailty status was measured using the Korean-translated version of the CFS and K-FRAIL questionnaire within 3 days from admission in 144 consecutive patients aged 60 years or older. The correlation between CFS and K-FRAIL score was assessed. The criterion validity of CFS was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. As outcomes, delirium, bedsore, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, and unplanned 30-day readmission were measured by reviewing medical records. Results: The mean age of the study population was 70.1 years (range, 60 to 91), and 75 (52.1%) were men. By linear regression analysis, CFS and K-FRAIL were positively correlated (B = 0.72, p < 0.001). A CFS cutoff of ≥ 5 maximized sensitivity + specificity to classify frailty using K-FRAIL as a reference (C-index = 0.893). Higher frailty burden by both CFS and K-FRAIL was associated with higher LOS and bedsores. Unplanned readmission and in-hospital mortality were associated with higher CFS score but not with K-FRAIL score, after adjusting for age, gender, polypharmacy, and multimorbidity. Conclusions Frailty status by CFS was associated with LOS, bedsores, unplanned readmission, and in-hospital mortality. CFS can be used to screen high-risk patients who may benefit from geriatric interventions and discharge planning in acutely hospitalized older adults.