No abstract available.
Pulmonary Atelectasis*

IIn a randomized double-blind study, postoperative pain was assessed in 60 patients undergoing gynecologic surgery with three types of anesthesia; inhalation anesthesia only (enflurane-N2O-O2-vecuronium)(G); inhalation anesthesia with local infiltration (infiltration of the abdominal wall with 40 ml 0.25% bupivacaine along the line of the proposed incision)(GI); and inhalation anesthesia with epidural analgesia (morphine 2 mg mixed with 10 ml 0.125% bupivacaine)(GE). The severity of constant incisional pain, movement-associated incisional pain, and pain upon pressure applied to the surgical wound using 5 pounds of weight was assessed with a visual analogue scale at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. The duration of analgesia (time from the end of the surgery to the first request for analgesic) was 7.9+/-3.1 hours in group G, 22.8+/-4.8 hours in group GI, and 33.1+/-3.9 hours in group GE, with statistically significant differences between group G and other two groups. Forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were measured with the patients in a semisitting position. In all groups, there were no differences in above parameters, These results indicate that postoperative pain after lower aMominal surgery would be managed satisfactorily with infiltration of local anesthetic as well as epidural analgesia.
Abdominal Wall ; Analgesia ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Bupivacaine* ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Morphine* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Vital Capacity ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the corrosion behaviors of dental implant alloy after micro-sized surface modification in electrolytes containing Mn ion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mn-TiO₂ coatings were prepared on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy for dental implants using a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method carried out in electrolytes containing different concentrations of Mn, namely, 0%, 5%, and 20%. Potentiodynamic method was employed to examine the corrosion behaviors, and the alternating-current (AC) impedance behaviors were examined in 0.9% NaCl solution at 36.5℃±1.0℃ using a potentiostat and an electrochemical impedance spectroscope. The potentiodynamic test was performed with a scanning rate of 1.667 mV s⁻¹ from −1,500 to 2,000 mV. A frequency range of 10⁻¹ to 10⁵ Hz was used for the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The amplitude of the AC signal was 10 mV, and 5 points per decade were used. The morphology and structure of the samples were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and thin-film X-ray diffraction. The elemental analysis was performed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. RESULT: The PEO-treated surface exhibited an irregular pore shape, and the pore size and number of the pores increased with an increase in the Mn concentration. For the PEO-treated surface, a higher corrosion current density (I(corr)) and a lower corrosion potential (E(corr)) was obtained as compared to that of the bulk surface. However, the current density in the passive regions (I(pass)) was found to be more stable for the PEO-treated surface than that of the bulk surface. As the Mn concentration increased, the capacitance values of the outer porous layer and the barrier layer decreased, and the polarization resistance of the barrier layers increased. In the case of the Mn/Ca-P coatings, the corroded surface was found to be covered with corrosion products. CONCLUSION: It is confirmed that corrosion resistance and polarization resistance of PEO-treated alloy increased as Mn content increased, and PEO-treated surface showed lower current density in the passive region.
Alloys ; Corrosion ; Dental Implants ; Dielectric Spectroscopy ; Electric Impedance ; Electrolytes ; Manganese ; Methods ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Plasma ; Spectrum Analysis ; X-Ray Diffraction

PURPOSE: This study compared the effect of three intraoral repair systems on the bond strength between composite resin and zirconia core. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty zirconia specimens were divided into three groups according to the repair method: Group I- CoJet(TM) Repair System (3M ESPE) [chairside silica coating with 30 microm SiO2 + silanization + adhesive]; Group II- Ceramic Repair System (Ivoclar Vivadent) [etching with 37% phosphoric acid + Zirconia primer + adhesive]; Group III- Signum Zirconia Bond (Heraus) [Signum Zirconia Bond I + Signum Zirconia Bond II]. Composite resin was polymerized on each conditioned specimen. The shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine, and fracture sites were examined with FE-SEM. Surface morphology and wettability after surface treatments were examined additionally. The data of bond strengths were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tamhane post hoc test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: Increased surface roughness and the highest wettability value were observed in the CoJet sand treated specimens. The specimens treated with 37% phosphoric acid and Signum Zirconia Bond I did not show any improvement of surface irregularity, and the lowest wettability value were found in 37% phosphoric acid treated specimens. There was no significant difference in the bond strengths between Group I (7.80 +/- 0.76 MPa) and III (8.98 +/- 1.39 MPa). Group II (3.21 +/- 0.78 MPa) showed a significant difference from other groups (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The use of Intraoral silica coating system and the application of Signum Zirconia Bond are effective for increasing the bond strength of composite resin to zirconia.
Ceramics ; Collodion ; Phosphoric Acids ; Polymers ; Silicon Dioxide ; Wettability ; Zirconium

Takaysu arteritis is a systemic disease characterized by stenosis or obstruction of aorta and its branches. Its etiology is unknown but clinical and serologic data suggest autoimmune process. Coronary artery involvement has been uncommon, but potentially fatal complication of Takayasu arteritis. A 41-year old female patients was presented with exertional dyspnea and anterioi chest pain of 2 week duration. Systolic bruit was heard at the both middle portion of internal carotid artery areas. Both radial arteries were palpated well but both femoral, popliteal and doralis pedis arteries were palpated weakly. Aortogram showed complete obstruction of descending thoracic aorta and collateral circulation of internal mammary artery. Coronary angiogram showed 80% stenosis at the middle portion of the right coronary artery. Calcium channel blocker and antiplatelet agent were prescribed. And her clinical symptom improved.
Adult ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Arteries ; Arteritis* ; Calcium Channels ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Chest Pain ; Collateral Circulation ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Mammary Arteries ; Radial Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Papillomavirus Infections* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to obtain difference in fracture strength according to the diameter of one-body O-ring-type of mini implant fixture, to determine the resistance of mini implant to masticatory pressure, and to examine whether overdenture using O-ring type mini implant is clinically usable to maxillary and mandibular edentulous patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this study, 13 mm long one body O-ring-type mini implants of different diameters (2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm) (Dentis, Daegu, Korea) were prepared, 5 for each diameter. The sample was placed at 30degrees from the horizontal surface on the universal testing machine, and off-axis loading was applied until permanent deformation occurred and the load was taken as maximum compressive strength. The mean value of the 5 samples was calculated, and the compressive strength of implant fixture was compared according to diameter. In addition, we prepared 3 samples for each diameter, and applied loading equal to 80%, 60% and 40% of the compressive strength until fracture occurred. Then, we measured the cycle number on fracture and analyzed fatigue fracture for each diameter. Additionally, we measured the cycle number on fracture that occurred when a load of 43 N, which is the average masticatory force of complete denture, was applied. The difference on compressive strength between each group was tested statistically using one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: Compressive strength according to the diameter of mini implant was 101.5 +/- 14.6 N, 149 +/- 6.1 N and 276.0 +/- 13.4 N, respectively, for diameters 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm. In the results of fatigue fracture test at 43 N, fracture did not occur until 2x106 cycles at diameter 2.0 mm, and until 5x106 cycles at 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm. CONCLUSION: Compressive strength increased significantly with increasing diameter of mini implant. In the results of fatigue fracture test conducted under the average masticatory force of complete denture, fracture did not occur at any of the three diameters. All of the three diameters are usable for supporting overdenture in maxillary and mandibular edentulous patients, but considering that the highest masticatory force of complete denture is 157 N, caution should be used in case diameter 2.0 mm or 2.5 mm is used.
Bite Force ; Collodion ; Compressive Strength ; Denture, Complete ; Denture, Overlay ; Fatigue ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans

No abstract available.
Central Venous Catheters* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Pericardiocentesis*

No abstract available.
Contusions*

Not infrequently, we meet urgent situations that emergency cardiac pacing is inevitable. Paricularly, in patients with impending brady-asystole cardiac arrest, we cannot but introduce pacing cartheter without fluroscopic guidance in emergency department if transcutaneous pacing is not available. There is little report about emergency transvenous cardiac pacing without fluoroscopic guidance in patients with impending cardiac arrest in korea. We report our experiences of temporary transvenous pacing by blind approach performed in patients with impending bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in emergency department. Among 10 patients who blind pacing were performed. 7 were successfully paced and 3 were not. 5 of 7 patients with successful pacing died of underlying diseases. 2 patients wiere alive. A hematoma around the puncture site was developed in a patient receiving thrombolytic therapy. We concluded that temporary transvenous pacing withoup fluoroscopy should be tried in the emergency situations if fluoroscopy or transcutaneous pacemaker is not avialable.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fluoroscopy* ; Heart Arrest* ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Punctures ; Thrombolytic Therapy