No abstract available.
Mitral Valve*

No abstract available.
Heterografts*

Since Winslow and Edwards24) reviewed 20 cases of the arteriovenous fistulas involving temporal artery described in the world wide literatures up to 1934, several authors have added the cases sporadically, but the arteriovenous fistula of the superficial temporal artery is unusual to the head and neck surgeons. Recently we experienced one case of huge traumatic arteriovenous fistula involving the superficial temporal artery and present it here.
Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Head ; Neck ; Temporal Arteries*

Prevotella intermedia has been implicated as a potent pathogen in many kinds of periodontal, pulpal and periapical diseases. However, it has been isolated from periodontally healthy adults and from edentulous children as well. The intraspecies heterogeneity of Prevotella intermedia has been demonstrated in early studies and finally Shah & Gharbia confirmed the existence of 2 DNA homology groups and proposed dividing Prevotella intermedia into 2 species, Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens. This study was designed to examine the frequency of Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens in diseased periodontal pockets and healthy gingival sulcus of Korean people by PCR based on 16s ribosomal DNA sequence. One hundred adults who had adult periodontitis but not taken any periodontal treatment or antibiotics during previous 6 months and 50 adults who had healthy periodontal tissue were selected for this study. The sulcular fluid was collected into VMGA by sterilized paper point and diluted to 1,000 times in anaerobic chamber. 100ml of sample was cultured in 37degrees C for 10 days. Among the bacterial colonies, BPB were selected and cultured in BHI broth and then Prevotella intermedia was identified through Gram staining and biochemical test. Identified Prevotella intermedia was cultured again and centrifuged. DNA was extracted from the pellet using several reagents. PCR was performed by previously designed primer. The results were followed. 1.BPB were isolated from 39 of 100 samples of diseased periodontal pockets(39%). 2.Prevotella intermedia was identified from 24 of 39 BPB samples. 3.Among 24 Prevotella intermedia, 21 were confirmed as Prevotella intermedia(87.5) and 2 were confirmed as Prevotella nigrescens(8.33%). 4.BPB were isolated from 9 of 50 samples of periodontally healthy patients. Among them only two were identified as Prevotella intermedia, that is, one was confirmed as Prevotella intermedia and the other was Prevotella nigrescens.
Adult* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Chronic Periodontitis* ; DNA ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Periapical Diseases ; Periodontal Pocket ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Population Characteristics ; Prevotella intermedia* ; Prevotella nigrescens* ; Prevotella*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to detect the levels of M30-antigens as a biomarker of apoptosis in cells and their culture media after treatments with anticancer drugs as a preclinical study. METHODS: After HeLa and OVCAR-3 cells were treated respectively with paclitaxel, cisplatin, and camptothecin, the harvested cells were stained sequentially with M30 monoclonal antibodies and propidium iodide (PI). Afterwards, they were analyzed using a FACScan flow cytometer and observed under an immunofluorescence microscope for M30-FITC immunofluorescences. Levels of M30 antigens were also detected in their culture media using M30-Apoptosense ELISA kit. RESULTS: The levels of M30-FITC immunofluorescences were elevated in both cell lines after each drug treatments compared with those of control cells. The levels of M30 antigens detected by ELISA in media culturing each cell line treated with each of drugs were elevated compared with those of control cells. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that M30-antigens representing chemotherapy induced apoptosis may be a useful biomarker for predicting and monitoring the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with gynecologic cancers.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Apoptosis ; Camptothecin ; Cell Line ; Cisplatin ; Culture Media ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Paclitaxel ; Propidium

PUPOSE: Anastomosis site stricture is a common complication after a total gastrectomy. End-to-end anastomosis (EEA) stapler devices are preferred to a hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy these days. However, stapling devices have been reported not to reduce the incidence of esophagojejunostomy site stricture considerably. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Sep. 1998 to Dec. 2000, at Korea Gastic Cancer Center, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University, we experienced 228 total gastrectomies in which EEA stapling devices had been used. We investigated the correlation of the stricture with the size of the EEA stapling device, the type of esophagojejunal reconstruction, reflux esophagitis, and duration of stricture development. RESULTS: Among the 228 cases, as far as the patient's age was concerned, the 7th decade was the most common 64 cases, followed by the 5th decades. The Male-to-female ratio was 2.3 : 1. A loop esophagojejunostomy was used in 223 cases, and the Roux-en-Y method was used in 5 cases. The 32 patients with anastomosis site stricture were patients with loop esophagojejunal anastomosis. Anastomosis site stricture occurred in 14% (32/228) of the total gastrectomy cases, in15.9% (11/69) of the total gastrectomies involving stapler devices with a 25-mm diameter, and in 13.2% (21/159) of the total gastrectomies involving staper devices with a 28-mm diameter. There was no correlation between the incidence of stricture and EEA- stapling device size (P>0.05). Reflux esophagitis occurred in 56 of the 228 cases, with 7 of those 56 cases (12.5%) and 25 of the remaining 172 cases (14.5%) having strictures. There was no considerable difference in the stricture incidence rate according to the presence of reflux esophagitis (P>0.05). The onset of stricture development, occurred within 6 months in 16 cases, including 4 cases of reflux esophagitis, between 7 and 18 months in 14 cases, including 3 cases of reflux eshophagitis, and after 19 months in 2 cases. CONCLUSION: An esophagojejunostomy site stricture after a total gastrectomy was not correlated with the esophagojejunal reconstruction type, the size of the stapling device, or the presence of reflux esophagitis. General anastomosis technical factors (e.g., adequate blood supply, tension-free manner, adequate hemostasis) may be more important to prevent anastomosis site stricture after an esophagojejunostomy during a total gastrectomy.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Seoul

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of fibronectin (FN) and/or RGDS tetrapeptide on osteoblastic proliferation and osteopontin expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Osteoblasts were cultured on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) and apatite-wallastonite glass ceramics (AW-GC) with or without FN and RGDS synthetic tetrapeptide. Osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation were measured after cultivation, by determining the number of attached cells, by [3H]-thymidine assay, and by measuring the activity of alkaline phosphatase. The expression of osteopontin (OPN) was determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS: Cellular proliferation was more increased by FN than the other variables examined (P<0.03). OPN mRNA expression by RT-PCR was induced two-fold, 24-hour after FN treatment (P<0.05). The expression of OPN by western blotting showed a five-fold increase in cells treated with FN compared with the controls. The synthetic RGDS peptides partially blocked the growth of cells induced by FN (P<0.05). RGDS tetrapeptide alone increased the OPN expression induced by cultured osteoblasts (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FN enhanced osteoblastic proliferation on glass ceramics and induced OPN expression. Integrin occupancy by RGD-containing molecules may play a role in the process of osteoblastic proliferation rather than in osteoblastic differentiation.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Proliferation ; Ceramics ; Fibronectins* ; Glass ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteopontin* ; Peptides ; Polystyrenes ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the mitigative effect of alendronate and risedronate on osteolysis in the mouse calvarian model by using titanium (Ti) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental mice (male C57/BL6) are divided into three groups; control, Ti particle-treated and PMMA particle-treated group. Each Ti and PMMA particle-treated group was divided into three subgroups which received no bisphosphonates, which received alendronate, and which received risedronate. We measured number of osteoclast, area of osteolysis, bone and soft tissue thickness, ratio of bone and total tissue on mid-sagittal suture area (MSSA) and compared between two groups. RESULTS: Both alendronate and risedronate had significant inhibitory effect on Ti or PMMA particle-induced osteolysis in mouse calvarian model (p<0.05). Furthermore, bisphosphonates prevented formation of particleinduced osteolysis as RANK/Fc. Risedronate had better capability for preserving bone thickness in PMMA treated mice and also showed decreased soft tissue thickness in Ti treated mice than alendronate (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Both alendronate and risedronate may be an effective agents on mitigation of Ti and PMMA particle-induced osteolysis. However, risedronate showed better structual bone preserving capacity than alendronate in particle-treated mouse calvariae.
Alendronate ; Animals ; Diphosphonates ; Etidronic Acid ; Mice ; Osteoclasts ; Osteolysis ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Sutures ; Titanium ; Risedronate Sodium

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of X-ray evaluation in classification, displacement and size of posterior malleolar fragment, comparing with three dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) in trimallelar ankle fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 cases of trimalleolar ankle fractures evaluated with preoperative 3D CT, and followed up periods were at least 2 years. All cases were classified according to the Danis-Weber and Lauge-Hansen classification. Displacement and size of posterior malleolar fragment were measured using PACS. The reliability between simple X-ray and 3D CT was evaluated in the Danis-Weber and Lauge-Hansen classification (kappa analysis). The correlation between simple X-ray and 3D CT was evaluated in displacement and size of posterior malleolar fragment (correlation analysis). RESULTS: Degree of agreement of Danis-Weber classification in simple X-ray and 3D CT was 0.700 kappa value, and that of Lauge-Hansen was 0.605 kappa value. Measurement of simple X-ray and 3D CT about displaced status of posterior malleolar fragment showed statistically significant positive linear correlation (p= 0.000), but correlation of measurement of size in simple X-ray and CT was not statistically significant (p=0.102). CONCLUSION: CT or operative field will be more accurate than simple X-ray to select the method of treatment and operation, especially when the displacement and size of posterior malleolar fragment are important to decide.
Ankle ; Ankle Fractures* ; Classification

An association between the apolipoprotein E 4(APOE 4) allele and pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease(AD) is now well established. We analyzed the APOE genotype in patients with another amyloid forming disease, Down's syndrome(DS). It is well-known that patients with DS develop the neuropathological features of AD if they reach middle adult life. The amyloid precursor protein gene is located m chromosome 21 and increased expression of this gene over a patient's lifetime is thought to underlie the development of this pathology. We examined the APOE genotypes of 19 cytogenetically confirmed DS patients. The allele frequencies in this group did not differ from the general population. Our data suggest that the APOE 4 is not essential pathomechanism of AD pathology in patients with DS. Prospective analysis of the occurrence of AD in DS population and APOE genotype is warranted.
Adult ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid ; Apolipoproteins E ; Apolipoproteins* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Down Syndrome* ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Pathology