No abstract available.
Rectal Prolapse*

No abstract available.
Intra-Articular Fractures* ; Tibia*

PURPOSE: Internal fixation of distal humerus fracture is problematic. A modified lateral approach was assessed to determine its role in the surgical management of these injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1994 to 1998, we had operated 15 patients with distal humerus fracture. Eight patients who had intraarticular fracture were classified into group A, and seven patients who had transitional zone fracture were classified into group B. Both groups were operated by modified lateral approach. In group A, triceps muscle was elevated from medial and lateral intermuscular septum. Functional outcome was assessed with Broberg and Morrey's functional rating scale and anatomical measurement was also performed. RESULTS: All fractures united without complication. The results of functional rating scale were as follows; 3 exellent, 9 good and 3 fair. Anatomical measurement of the average proximal extent of the plate from the lateral epicondyle was 16 +/- 2.7 cm (range 12.3 to 19.8 cm) and in 3 patients, more than 70% of the entire length of the humerus. CONCLUSION: On the bases of these results, intraarticular fracture and transitional zone fracture of the distal humerus can be operated successfully with the modified lateral approach.
Humans ; Humerus* ; Intra-Articular Fractures

No abstract available.
HLA-A2 Antigen* ; Isoelectric Focusing*

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

The status of axillary lymph nodes is the most important prognostic factor of breast cancer. The prognosis of node-positive breast cancer can be further subcategorized based on the number of involved lymph nodes. Most authors divide patients into those having 1 to 3, 4 to 9, and 10 cancerous nodes, with each successive level of nodal involvement entailing an increasingly poor prognosis. To evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer patients with ten or more positive lymph nodes, we performed a retrospective study in 53 cases of breast cancer patients with more than 10 positive lymph nodes who were treated from January, 1985 to May, 1996 and analyzed the 4-year survival rate and 4-year disease free survival rate between 23 patients with CMF adjuvant chemotherapy and 26 patients with Epirubicin plus CMF adjuvant chemotherapy. 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease free survival of 53 breast cancer patients with ten or more positive axillary lymph nodes were 35.8% and 30.3% respectively There was no statistically significant difference in the 4-year overall survival and 4-year disease free survival between 23 patients with CMF adjuvant chemotherapy and 26 patients with Epirubicin plus CMF adjuvant chemotherapy(OS;38.0% vs.64.7%;p=0.1148, DFS;26.0% vs. 32.3%;p=0.5660). In our study, the prognosis of 53 breast cancer patients with 10 or more positive axillary lymph nodes is poor. Therefore, further attempt such as high dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation will be needed.
Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Epirubicin ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Following application of 2N sodium hydroxide to the cornea, the aqueous humor pH reached a maximum of 10.2, 11.9, and 12 within 6 minutes following 20-, 50-, and 100-ul sodium hydrxide burn, respectively: after two hours the pH had fallen to 8.5, 10 and 10.5, The maximum rise following application of 100 ul of ammonium hydroxide was 10.8, declining to about 9 at 2 hours. The fall in pH following a 100-ul sodium hydroxide burn has not greatly influenced by external lavage. However, the pH was significantly lowerd by paracentesis alone and further reduce by immediate or delayed intracameral administration of phosphate buffer. On the basis of these result moderately severe and severe alkali burns of the eye should be treated by paracentesis and if possible with anterior chamber reformation with a sterile solution.
Alkalies* ; Ammonium Hydroxide ; Anterior Chamber ; Aqueous Humor ; Burns* ; Cornea* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Paracentesis ; Sodium ; Sodium Hydroxide ; Therapeutic Irrigation

A patient with extraskeletal cervical epidural Ewing's sarcoma who presented with cervical radiculopathy is reported. A 58-year-old woman presented with right posterolateral neck pain and upper extremity radiculopathy. The computed tomography myelography showed epidural and paravertebral masses on right side, with widening of the ipsilateral neural foramina at the C2-C3 level. On magnetic resonance images, the mass was isointense to soft tissue on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and showed diffuse enhancement on GdTA enhanced T1-weighted images. The staged, combined posterior and anterior approach were done and the tumor mass was subtotally removed. During postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with Cytoxane, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisolone regimen, the patient died of severe compression of upper cervical cord by recurrent, extended tumor mass in the spinal canal.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myelography ; Neck Pain ; Prednisolone ; Radiculopathy ; Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Spinal Canal ; Upper Extremity ; Vincristine

No abstract available.
DNA Fingerprinting* ; DNA* ; Oligonucleotide Probes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

Porencephaly is relatively rare condition defined by an defect or a defect or cavity in the cerebrum owing to a developmental malformation or to a destructive lesion. Fory-five porencephaly patients diagnosed by Brain CT were clinically analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1) By the age group presenting initial symptoms, the peak incidence was from 1 month to below 3 years old. 2) In initial symptoms, seizure, spastic weakness, headache were showed in order of frequency. But 7 cases (15.5%) were asymptomatic. 3) The latency of diagnosis after presenting initial symptoms from the symptom onset time to 10 years. 4) The subsequent symptoms were as follows: spastic weakness, speech disturbance, gait disturbance, mental retardation, sensory loss and seizure showed independently or combined. 5) As etiologic factor, 21 cases (46.7%) were congenital, 16 cases (35.5%) were post-traumatic or post-operative and 8 cases (17.8%) were perinatal. 6) The prognosis was seen various from mild to severe. Out of 45 cases, 29 cases (64.4%) were no complications. But the prognosis in patients with post-traumatic or postoperative etiological factors was poor. With the advent of brain CT and the resultant capability of detecting structural defect and cerebral lesions responsible for epilepsy or focal neurologic signs, porencephaly was seen to be readily recongizable by CT examination. Since porencephaly is a significant contributor to the spectrum of CNS lesion and benign condition, ist recognition is important in determining prognosis and therapy.
Brain ; Cerebrum ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Epilepsy ; Gait ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intellectual Disability ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Prognosis ; Seizures