Six cases of congenital coronary arteriovenous fistulae were diagnosed radiographically and confirmed afteroperation at Seoul National University Hospital in recent three and a quarter years since 1979. The clinical andradiological findings with the emphasis on the cinecardiographic findings were analysed. The summaries of theanalysis are as follows; 1. Among 6 cases, 2 cases were male and 4 cases were female. Age dsitribution was from 3months to 19 years. 2. In chest x-ray findings, 5 cases had cardiomegaly. Among these 5 cases, increase ofpulmonary vascularity was in 3 cases. Chest X-ray finding of the rest 1 case was within normal limit. 3. Thecoronary arteriovenous fistula orginated from the right coronary artery in 5 cases and from the single left coronary artery in 1 case. In 5 cases, a coronary arteriovenous fistula drained into the right ventricle and in 1case, a fistula from a SA node branch of the right coronary artery into the right atrium. 4. In 5 cases, a mainright coronary artery was dilated. Among these 5 cases, aneurysmal dilatation of main right coronary artery was in2 cases, saccular aneurysmal dilatation of distal portion of right coronary artery was in 2 cases and in 1 case,diffuse dilatation without aneurysm formation of a main right coronary artery. In 1 case, SA node branch of theright coronary artery was dilated with aneurysm formation. 5. For accurate diagnosis of congenital coronaryarteriovenous fistula, biplane cinecardiography is an essential procedure.
Aneurysm ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Cardiomegaly ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Fistula ; Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Seoul ; Thorax

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long term therapeutic results and complications of an anterior vaginal wall sling (AVWS) for female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) followed up for over 3 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 23 of 43 patients who could have been followed up for more than 3 years following an AVWS operation. The mean follow-up period was 40.2+/-5.3 months. The cystography and urodynamic study, including preoperative valsalva leak point pressure and subjective SEAPI scores, were examined in the patients. Postoperative analyses, including subjective SEAPI scores, success rates, satisfaction and complications were performed 3 years following the operations. RESULTS: The total preoperative subjective SEAPI score of 6.1+/-3.4 decreased postoperatively to 1.4+/-1.5 (p<0.001). Twenty one patients (91.3%) answered as "completely resolved" and one patient (4.3%) as "improved". Of the 12 patients accompanied by urgency preoperatively, 8 were completely improved directly following the operation, but the remaining 4 suffered longstanding urgency. De novo urgency occurred in 3 patients, but they all improved within 3 months with conservative management. Five patients (21.7%) suffered from postoperative inguinal pain, which improved in 4 after 3 months, an in about 9 months in the other. Subjective satisfaction exceeding 3 years following the operation was "very satisfactory" in 22 patients (95.6%). CONCLUSIONS: After more than 3 years, the 3 year follow-ups after AVWS operations in female patients with SUI showed a high success rate, high patient subjective satisfactions and reasonable complications. We think that an AVWS operation is an effective therapeutic procedure for female patients with SUI.
Female* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Urethra ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urodynamics ; Vagina

BACKGROUND: The risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is significantly increased in chronic cutaneous ulcers. Moreover, if the proliferating epithelium of the ulcer margin shows pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, it can be very difficult to discriminate between the two diseases. Enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to be implicated at all stages of tumorigenesis. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the expression patterns of epithelial MMP-7 and MMP-13 in chronic ulcers and SCCs by an immunohistochemical technique and the usefulness in differentiating these two entities. METHODS: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues obtained from 16 chronic ulcers and 12 SCC patients were studied using an immunohistochemical staining method for MMP-7 and MMP-13. RESULTS: MMP-7 and MMP-13 were expressed by the malignant tumor cells of 4 (33.3%) and 9 SCC samples (75%), respectively, while they were absent from the proliferating epithelium of chronic ulcers. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that epithelial expression of both MMP-7 and MMP-13 have a specificity in differentiating the benign epithelial proliferation of chronic ulcer from malignant tumor cells, but MMP-13 seems to be a more sensitive and useful marker due to the lower sensitivity of MMP-7 in SCCs.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ulcer*

BACKGROUND: Trisomy 16 in mice is considered to be an animal model for Down's syndrome in human. We studied the morphologic characteristics of the heart and the edema, and their significance to the teratogenesis in this animal model. METHODS: A total of 30 dams were sacrificed to bear 125 (61.9%) normal fetuses 35 (17.3%) abnormal fetuses and 42 (20.8%) resorptions. Cytogenetic study and morphological examination were performed using microdissection agar-mount sectioning histologic examination and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: The crown-rump length was significantly shorter in abnormal (trisomic fetuses) than the normal (eusomic) fetuses. Trisomic fetuses showed massive edema at the back from the vertex to the lumbar area. Four-chamber view section of the agar-mount and histologic section showed a common atrioventricular valve bridging the left and the right atrioventricular junction. Scanning electron microscopic examination on atrioventricular valves showed three types of atrioventricular valves:five cases with common atrioventricular orifice, three cases with partitioned atrioventricular orifice and two cases with atresia of the right atrioventricular orifice. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the presence of massive edema and cardiac anomalies in the mouse with trisomy 16. But there was morphologic diversity of cardiac anomaly in this model.
Animals ; Crown-Rump Length ; Cytogenetics ; Down Syndrome ; Edema* ; Endocardial Cushion Defects ; Fetus* ; Heart ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis ; Mice ; Microdissection ; Models, Animal ; Pathology* ; Teratogenesis ; Trisomy*

No abstract available.
Cactaceae* ; Dermatitis* ; Humans ; Leprosy*

BACKGROUND: Both atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia may progress to gastric dysplasia. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing progression of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia to dysplasia. METHODS: People diagnosed with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia for the first time received a follow-up endoscopy and were investigated for the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia by age, gender, smoking habit, alcohol intake, rice consumption and family history of stomach cancer. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence rate increased with age, consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day and family history of stomach cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia increased in subjects >61 years (RR=2.54, P=0.014), in those consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day (RR=1.46, P=0.021) and in those with a family history of stomach cancer (RR=1.31, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: More active management, such as intensive endoscopic follow-up examinations, lifestyle change and education regarding gastric dysplasia, are required in those older than 61 years, having a higher intake of grain or with a family history of stomach cancer.
Edible Grain ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Style ; Metaplasia ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to identify body image changes and physical suffering during radiotherapy among breast cancer patients following breast conserving operations and establish correlations between the two. METHODS: Twenty seven patients were recruited in this survey design. Patient interviews and patient-reported questionnaires were used to collect data from March 1 to July 30, 2013. The questionnaire included 18 items about body image and 10 items about physical suffering. RESULTS: Patients' body image during radiotherapy following breast conserving operation turned significantly negative. Likewise, patients' physical suffering increased significantly during radiotherapy. Body image and physical suffering were inversely correlated (p=.031). CONCLUSION: Breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy following breast conserving operations go through changes in body image. Timely and proper interventions for physical suffering during radiotherapy would help to set up and maintain a positive body image.
Body Image* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Radiotherapy* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Malignant struma ovarii is a rare tumor of the ovary. This can be diagnosed by histologically when carcinomas of the thyroid gland are excluded. We present a case of malignant struma ovarii arising from cystic teratoma. A 42-year-old female was admitted for evaluation of lower abdominal mass. Hysterectomy and both adnexectomy were performed on the basis of a clinical impression of uterine leiomyoma and an ovarian mass. The uterus revealed intramural leiomyoma, measuring 8 cm in diameter. Ovarian mass was predominantly cystic and partly solid. Microscopically, thyroid tissue with papillary structures were found in the solid area Papillae were complex, branching and randomly oriented. These papillae were infiltrated in the adjacent fibrous capsule, Clinical evidence of a primary thyroid carcinoma was not found.
Female ; Humans

Malignant struma ovarii is a rare tumor of the ovary. This can be diagnosed by histologically when carcinomas of the thyroid gland are excluded. We present a case of malignant struma ovarii arising from cystic teratoma. A 42-year-old female was admitted for evaluation of lower abdominal mass. Hysterectomy and both adnexectomy were performed on the basis of a clinical impression of uterine leiomyoma and an ovarian mass. The uterus revealed intramural leiomyoma, measuring 8 cm in diameter. Ovarian mass was predominantly cystic and partly solid. Microscopically, thyroid tissue with papillary structures were found in the solid area Papillae were complex, branching and randomly oriented. These papillae were infiltrated in the adjacent fibrous capsule, Clinical evidence of a primary thyroid carcinoma was not found.
Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: The study aimed to compare the physical activity of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients with healthy people (HP). METHODS: The research design of this study was cross sectional and, descriptive study. It was conducted from January 26th to May 22nd, 2013. We matched HSCT patients to HP based on age and gender, and measured physical activity using a pedometer. Patient's clinical information were gathered by the medical record reviews. RESULTS: The number of steps was significantly less in HSCT patients (HSCT: 214 (7~3,373) vs HP: 7,921 (3,180~17,539), p<.001). Physical activity time was significantly less in HSCT patients (HSCT: 840 (680~1,320)min vs HP: 990 (540~1,090)min, p<.001). Step count showed a significant relationship with platelet count (r=.40, p=.004). CONCLUSION: HSCT patients perform very low intensity of physical activities. The study shows the necessity to apply programs to promote physical activities in isolation rooms for patients undergoing HSCT.
Environment, Controlled ; Exercise Test ; Hematologic Diseases ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Motor Activity* ; Platelet Count ; Research Design