Objective To explore the clinical and MDCT features of pediatric irreducible intussusception. Methods 66 patients were divided into irreducible intussusception group (19 cases) and reducible intussusception group (47 cases). Age clinical courses, length of intussusception body (L), neck max diameter (D1), head max diameter (D2) andthe ratio (D2/D1) and MDCT imaging data were compared and analyzed. Results (1) The course time, L and D2/D1 values of irreducible intussusception group were significantly higher than those of reducible group, the D1 was lower than that ofreducible group, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). Clinical course,L and D2/D1 value AUC values were more than 0.7, the threshold values were 33.0 h, 7.5 cm and 1.33. (2) The occurrence rate of non-ileum-colon intussusception, Meckel's diverticulum, appendicitis and intestinal necrotic for irreducible intussusception were 36.8%, 21.1%, 21.1%, 15.8%and 10.5%respectively. Conclusion Whenthe time of course>33.0 mo, D2/D1>1.33 and L>7.5 cm, the irreducible intussusceptioncould be considered, and Meckel??s diverticulum, intestinal necrosis, appendicitis and intestinal obstruction should be judged further.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of short-segment transpedicular fixation and vertebroplasty via paraspinal intermuscular approach in treating thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to January 2012,18 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological symptoms were treated with short-segment transpedicular fixation and vertebroplasty via paraspinal intermuscular approach. There were 11 males and 7 females, aged from 52 to 76 years old with an average of 62.2 years. The duration from injuries to surgery ranged from 8 h to 7 d with an average of 4.2 d. According to the Denis fracture classification, 12 cases got compression fractures and 6 cases got burst fractures.

LOCATION6 vertebra with T12, 9 with L1, 6 with L2, and 3 with L3. Anterior vertebral body height, the sagittal Cobb angle, the sagittal index (SI), condition of internal fixation failure and recurrent kyphosis were observed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 12-28 months with an average of 16.5 months. Operation time was from 80 to 130 min with a mean of 95 min and bleeding volume during operation ranged from 100 to 180 ml with a mean of 145 ml. Anterior vertebral body height ratios preoperation, 3 days after operation and final follow-up was 54.3 +/- 2.8, 90.9 +/- 1.5, 88.6 +/- 1.7, respectively; sagittal Cobb angle was (27.8 +/- 2.5) degrees, (5.3 +/- 0.8) degrees, (6.3 +/- 1.4) degrees, respectively; sagittal index was 52.3 +/- 3.8, 89.2 +/- 5.2, 86.4 +/- 4.5, respectively. Data obtained 3 days after operation obviously improved than preoperation, and there was no statistically significant difference between 3 days after operation and last follow-up. No internal fixation failure, neurological complications and recurrent kyphosis were found.

CONCLUSIONTreatment of thoracolumbar fractures with short-segment transpediclar screw fixation and vertebroplasty via paraspinal intermuscular approach can retain the posterior ligament complex and restore the mechanical strength of the anterocentral column,which proved an ideal method for preventing the failure of internal fixation and reduction of post-traumatic segmental kyphosis.

Aged ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Vertebroplasty ; methods

The preparation method, serum stability, efficiency of cellular uptake and apoptosis induction of the cell penetrating peptide TAT and cleavable PEG co-modified liposomes loaded with paclitaxel (C-TAT-Lipo) were investigated. The best preparation procedure was performed by orthogonal test based on single factor screening method. First, the paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded liposomes were prepared by filming-rehydration method, evaluated with entrapment efficiency and polydispersity index. The morphology of C-TAT-Lipo was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Turbidity variations were monitored in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to evaluate the serum stability of the liposomes developed here. Next, the efficiency of cellular uptake of different Rho-PE-labeled liposomes on B16F1 cells in vitro was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry. The quantitative analysis of apoptosis induced by different PTX-loaded liposomes was performed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The optimal formulation was as follows: Chol : lipid: 1 : 8 (molar ratio); drug : lipid: 1 : 40 (mass ratio); lipid concentration: 3 mmol x L(-1); temperature of hydration: 25 degrees C. The mean size and polydispersity index of C-TAT-Lipo were about (97.97 +/- 3.68) nm and 0.196 +/- 0.037, the zeta potential was (-0.89 +/- 0.45) mV, the entrapment efficiency of paclitaxel was (90.16 +/- 1.53)%. The particle sizes did not exhibit significant variations in 50% FBS over 24 h at 37 degrees C. The efficiency of cellular uptake of the C-TAT-Lipo increased 1.40 fold following the cleavage of PEG. Apoptosis analysis showed 59.3% increase of the apoptosis and necrosis profile of C-TAT-Lipo after the detachment of PEG shells, which was markedly higher than that of N-TAT-LP with or without glutathione and SL, respectively. The results indicate that the C-TAT-Lipo is successfully prepared by filming-rehydration method and shows significant antitumor activities.
Animals ; Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; pharmacology ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Melanoma, Experimental ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry

The 109th Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association was held in Orlando, Florida, USA in May 2014, which received more than 1,000 abstracts on prostate cancer (PCa), covering new epidemiological data about PCa, new theories of early screening, novel molecular markers, new surgical methods, new ideas of diagnosis and treatment of castration-resistant PCa, and progress in basic researches. This paper focuses on the new theories of early screening and novel molecular markers of PCa, including the risk factors of PCa, a revolutionary understanding of the relationship between testosterone and PCa, and new application of PSA, new imaging techniques and molecular markers in the early diagnosis of PCa.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Florida ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Societies, Medical ; Testosterone ; blood ; United States ; Urology

Objective To summarize the operative effect and nursing experience of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior ligament (PCL) with autologous tendons. Methods Eleven patients with both ACL and PCL were treated with surgical operation by arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and posterior ligament with autologous tendons. Before operation, supplies of surgical articles, mastery of the instrument's properties, procedures, connection mode and precautions were well performed. During the operation, the nursing measure covered also accurate, skilled and agile cooperation. Results The operation was successfully completed, with the average time of (2.7 ± 0.2)h, bleed volume of (32.0 ± 9.8)mL. No infections occurred after surgery. The Lysholm score after operation was higher than that before operation (92.6 ± 3.2 vs. 65.5 ± 3.1;P<0.01). Conclusion Arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and posterior ligament with autologous tendons has good clinical therapeutic effect. Preoperative well preparation and expertly operative cooperation are critical for the success of surgery.

Periostin is a matri-cellular protein which was originally identified in MC3T3-E 1 osteoblast-like cell line,expressing in multiple tissues like bones,teeth,skin and cardiac valves.Periostin is also found in a large variety of cancers and injured tissues,involving in cancer cell invasion and metastasis as well as wound repair.Recent studies have suggested the role of Periostin in osteoblast adhesion and differentiation,fibrillogenesis,mineralization and bone fracture healing,and its expression is regulated by mechanical stress,various transcription factors,hormones and growth factors.In this article,we will discuss the expression,localization and general characteristics of Periostin,and provide a review on the study of it in bone biology.

The repair of articular cartilage defects has been a dif ficult problem. Presently cartilaginous autograft and allograft, periosteal and perichondral graft and transplantation of chondrocytes had been widely applied t o repair cartilaginous defects. The application of tissue engineering might be a method of hope. This article reviewed the progression of cartilage transplantation and the tissue engineering.

Objective To study the antifatigue effect of sea cucumber exstract.Methods According to the experimental methods of animal antifatigue, three doses of sea cucumber extract were applied to mice and their antifatigue effects were compared statistically.Result 300 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 sea cucumber extract could significantly prolong pole climbing time in mice, increase the reserves of liver glycogen and the content of blood glucose, decrease the contents of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood lactic acid after strenuous exercise. Conclusion The preliminary study showed that the sea cucumber exstract has some antifatigue effects.

Objective To explore the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3(SCA3).Methods Clinical manifestation and brain MRI data of 12 patients with SCA in two families were analyged.The polymorphic CAG repeated time in the encode region of SCA3,SCA1 and SCA7 genes were compared in 15 family numbers without abnormal presentations,and 12 healthy persons of controls.Results Among 27 numbers of 4 generations in the two families had 12 patients,male and female were affected,average onset was 32 years old.The main clinic features included gait ataxia,ambiguity in speech and action clumsiness.Brain MRI showed remarkable atrophy on cerebellum and brain stem.In the two families,the CAG lengths of SCA1 and SCA7 were normal in all numbers.The repeated times of CAG of SCA3 were 11~39 in two control groups,65 ~87 in 10 cases,diagnosed as SCA3 patients.The child Ⅳ2 of family 1 was 8 years old,the repeated times of CAG of SCA3 were repeats 21 and 64 times,repectively.He might be a asymptomatic patient,because he was too young to onset the disease.Conclusions SCA3 is an autosomal dominant genetic disease.The clinical manifestations are ataxia and dysarthria.The detection of repeated times CAG can provide an effective way for the genetic and asymptomatic diagnosis.

Intramedullary signal intensity (ISI) changes in morphology and extent of T2-weighted (T2W) in preopera?tive cervical magnetic resonance (MR) images was thought to be indicative to the prognosis of cervical spondylotic myelopa?thy (CSM) in recent years. However, the significance of ISI changes in predicting CSM prognosis remains controversial. Lack of satisfied evaluating approch of ISI on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the main drawback. Identification of the type of T2WI ISI on preoperative MR imaging could give important information in predicting surgical outcome of patients with CSM. Currently, consensus is reached that preoperative multi-segmental T2WI ISI or sharp T2WI ISI indicate a worse prognosis for patients with CSM compared with regression of T2WI ISI. The literatures that link magnetic resonance imaging signal changes with prognosis of surgery to correct cervical spondylotic myelopathy are reviewed. The correlation of pathological changes and radiological performance of intramedullary signal intensity with prognosis of CSM are summarized to understand the significance of T2WI ISI on prognosis of surgical outcome.