Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing bloodstream infection in patients in a general intensive care unit (GICU),and provide reference for the prevention of bloodstream infection and rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods From January 2011 to December 2013,clinical data of patients who were diagnosed with bloodstream infection were reviewed retrospectively,detected pathogens and drug resist-ance were analyzed statistically.Results The major pathogens isolated from 385 patients with positive blood culture were gram-negative bacilli,which accounting for 62.34%;isolation rate of gram-positive cocci and fungi was 27.01 % and 10.65% respectively.The top five pathogens were Escherichia coli (18.18%),Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa (16.10%),Staphylococcus aureus (15.59%),Acinetobacter baumannii (13.25%),and Klebsiella pneumoni-ae (9.09%).The detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus was 72.55% and 68.34% respectively.Gram-negative bacilli was most sensitive to imipen-em and amikacin (resistant rate was 0 -35.65%).Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens in blood culture from GICU in this hospital,and drug-resistant rates are high.It’s important to strengthen blood cul-ture of patients with suspected septicemia,use antimicrobial agents rationally and control infection effectively.

The oval nucleus of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis of the rats was found in a previous investigation be studded with the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and neurotensin (NT)-immunoreactive(ir) neurons. The present work was to study their distribution and the possible coexistence of these two neuropeptides in the neuron of oval nucleus. The CRF- and NT- ir neurons were demonstrated to be densely and evenly distributed in the nucleus, among which were scattered a substantial number of cells cocontaining CRF and NT.

Ju and Swanson first named the dorsal part of the anterolateral area of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST) as oval nucleus (Ov), and found that it was a homogeneous structure rich in neuropeptide-containing neurons and terminals. However, no systemic study has been made about the connections of the Ov.The present experiments were designed to examine the efferent projections of the Ov in the rat. Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase(WGA-HRP) was used as a tracer.Injection of WGA-HRP into the Ov and its adjacent areas resulted in dense anterograde labelling in the posterior part of the lateral hypothalamic area, central nucleus of the amygdala, ventral part of the midbrain central gray, ventral tegmental nucleus, parabrachial nuclei, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus and locus coeruleus; moderate labelling in the preoptic area, periventricular area of the hypothalamus, arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, midline nuclei of the thalamus, medial habenular nucleus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, midbrain reticular formation, dorsal raphe nucleus and the dorsal vagal complex; sparse labelling in the caudal linier nucleus, median raphe nucleus, ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra and intercalated nucleus of medulla oblongata. The results suggest that the Ov may be involved in multiple physiological functions.

The present experiments were designed to study the afferent connections of the oval nucleus (Ov) of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST) using fluoro-gold (FG) and WGA-HRP as retrograde tracers. After injection of FG or WGA-HRP into the Ov area of the male SpragueDawley rats, a number of retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in the piriform cortex, fundus striati, subiculum, preoptie areas, horizontal limb of the diagonal band, ventral pallidum, magnocellular preoptic area, central (Ce), medial and cortical nuclei of the amygdala. A few neurons in the midline nuclei of the thalamus. were labeled. Many labeled neurons were found in the anterior, dorsal and lateral hypothalamic areas, ventral medial, arcuate and premammillary nuclei of the hypo thalamus. In the brainstem many labeled neurons were seen in the ventral part of the midbrain central gray, dorsal raphe nucleus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, ventral tegmental area, compact zone of the substantia nigra, interpeduncular nuclei, interfascicular nucleus, raphe nuclei, parabrachial nuclei, locus coeruleus, mesencephalie trigeminal nucleus, dorsal vagal complex, A_5 and A_1 cell groups.In general, the distribution patterns of the labeled neurons of both tracers were quite similar except that FG labeled neurons showed much longer processes than WGA-HRP's, and some FG labeled neurons were also found in a few contralateral structures, such as central and medial nuclei of the amygdala and the horizontal limb of the diagonal band, where no WGA-HRP labeled neurons were observed.The results of this retrograde tract-tracing study together with our previous. anterograde tract-tracing study indicate that there are reciprocal connections between the Ov and the Ce, posterior part of the lateral hypothalamus and several brainstem structures.

In our recent work it was found that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and neurotensin(NT) were coexistent in the neurons of the oval nucleus (Ov) of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST) and there were reciprocal connections between the Ov and the lateral hypothalamic area(LHA).In the present experiments fluoro-gold (FG) retrograde tract-tracing technique combined with indirect immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the chemical properties of the Ov neurons projecting to the LHA in the male Sprague-Dawley rats. It was found that after injecting of FG into the posterior LHA the retrogradely labeled neurons on the Ov were positively stained with antisera to CRF or NT. The present study proves that a part of CRF- and NT-containing neurons in the Ov project to the posterior LHA.

The central nucleus of the amygdala(Ce) is heterogeneous in cyto- and chemoarchitecture, and contains over a dozen neuropeptides. Our recent works suggested that there were reciprocal connections between the Ce and the oval nucleus (Or) of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST). The present experiment was designed to study the immunocytochemical properties of the Ce neurons projecting to the Ov by the fluoro-gold(FG) retrograde tract-tracing method combined with indirect immunofluorescence staining in male Sprague-Dawley rats.It was found that the neurons in the Ce were labeled densely following injection of FG into the Ov, and some FG labeled neurons were restained by indirect immunofluorescence procedures using antisera to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), neurotensin (NT), M-enkephalin(M-ENK) or cholecystokinin(CCK). The findings suggest that the CRF-, NT-, M-ENK- and CCK-containig neurons in the Ce project to the Ov.

Objective To analyze the current situation of TB control in Hefeng County and probe into the role of medical institutions in TB control. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with health workers of TB prevention, TB patients and their family members; data on registered TB patients were collected; the current situation of TB control was analyzed and countermeasures were put forward. Results The TB epidemic was pretty serious in Hefeng County, with a high morbidity rate and a low cure rate. According to an epidemiological survey in 1990, the TB morbidity rate in the county was 1000/100000. Conclusion Hefeng County failed to give full play to the role of hospitals in TB control and the treatment of TB patients was separated from their management. Hence the deplorable results of TB control. The following countermeasures were presented: ①giving full play to the role of general hospitals in TB control; and ②perfecting the three-level medical networks of prevention and healthcare.

Objective To investigate the effect of valsartan and amlodipine on urinary microalbumin in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods 100 elderly patients with hypertension treated in our hospital from May 2015 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, with 50 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received oral valsartan, and the patients in the experimental group were treated with valsartan and amlodipine. The treatment time of the experimental group and the control group was 12 weeks. The clinical indexes of the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed. Results After the corresponding treatment, the experimental group and the control group did not have obvious adverse reactions. There were 2 cases of headache in the experimental group, 1 cases of vertigo, and 2 cases of vertigo in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the experimental group and the control group, and there was no statistical significance. The antihypertensive effect of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the urinary microalbumin in the experimental group and the control group was significantly lower than that in the treatment group, and the level of microalbuminuria in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical effect of treatment of elderly patients with hypertension better combined with valsartan and amlodipine, antihypertensive effect is stronger, can significantly improve the patient's urinary albumin, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

Objective To establish fingerprints of cultured Cordyceps Militaris, Cordyceps Sinensis and Fermental Cordyceps.Methods Water soluble components in Cordyceps Sinensis were extracted by ultrasonic method. The characteristic fingerprints were established by HPLC, with Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm) as column and acetonitrile (A)-0.04 mol/L KH2PO4 (B) as mobile phase;gradient elution (0-16 min, 0%A;16-38 min, 0→10%A;38-58 min, 10%→15%A;58-65 min, 15→0%A);the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;column temperature was 25℃;the detection wavelength was 260 nm;the injection volume was 20μL. The HPLC characteristic fingerprint of mycelium was developed, and the components of adenosine, uridine, guanosine, inosine, uracil, adenine and cordycepin were identified and compared.Results This method is with high degree of precision, good repeatability and stability. With adenosine as reference peak, similarity of 11 batches of Cordyceps Sinensis collected from different habitats, 10 batches of cultured Cordyceps Militarise and 12 batches of Fermental Cordyceps were 0.889-0.982, 0.781-0.980 and 0.502-0.970, respectively.Conclusion There were good similarities between the standard fingerprint and each fingerprint of the eleven samples of Cordyceps Sinensis. There were low similarities between the standard fingerprint and each fingerprint of the ten samples of cultured Cordyceps Militaris and the twelve samples of Fermental Cordyceps. This method can be reference base for the evaluation of quality of cultured Cordyceps Militaris and Cordyceps Sinensis.

Background and purpose:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) possesses high risk of relapse and metastasis. Clinically, there are no speciifc targeted-therapies to TNBC except chemotherapy. Therefore, studying the mechanism of relapse and metastasis has signiifcance to improve the patients’ survival rate. This experiment aimed to study the effect of MAPK activation on migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Methods:Difference of migration and invasion between lung-high metastasis breast cancer cell line 231-HM and its parental cell line 231-p were first examined by cell scratch and transwell;Then, metastasis-associated proteins and MAPK-associated molecules were detected by Western blot; Last, 231-p cells were treated with P38/MAPK inhibitor and used to determine cell migration, invasion, and metastasis-associated proteins thereafter. Results:Compared with the parental cell line 231-p, 231-HM cells displayed obviously higher ability of migration and invasion. With the increased expression of Caveolin-1and β-catenin, the phosphorylation of MAPK-associated molecules including P38, Erk1/2, and MEK was highly decreased. Treatment of 231-p cells with low concentration (10 μmol/L) of the P38/MAPK inhibitor SB202190 increased the migration and invasion of 231-p cells, and the expression of Caveolin-1 andβ-catenin. Conclusion:Activation of MAPK signaling inhibits the migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer.