Currently, the model of the research evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is set up through imitating that of western medicine. The application of quantitative research to TCM does promote the advance of modernization of TCM, which explore the part of TCM that can be measured in quantitative method. However, TCM has a background of profound philosophy and culture. The priority of TCM can not be expressed through quantitative research alone. On the contrary, qualitative research is more suitable to most research area of TCM. In TCM clinical research, the priority of TCM should be fully explored. It is very significant to set up the effectiveness evaluation system of TCM, especially by applying qualitative research to the diagnosis and the evaluation of treatment results and combining quantitative research.

To screen and identify the mimotopes for lipopolysaccharide(LPS) epitope, a rand om phage displayed dodecapeptide library was screened with a monoclonal antibody 2B4 spe ci fically against LPS conservative epitope. The positive clones were identified by phage ELISA and competitive inhibition assay by either S.typhi T 8-61 LPS or E.coli O111:B4 LPS. After three rounds of biopanning,the clones binding with 2B4 antibody were well enriched with positive rate of 80%. The bindings between 12 of positive phage clones and screening antibody were competitively inhibited by the two kinds of LPS,indicating that the positive clones have similar epitope with LPS. The positive peptide sequences were deduced from the corresponding DNA sequences. There were identical sequences among them. The seq uences were GPPQWFFSQPQL （5/12，41.7%），LPQYFWNTATTA （3/12，25%），FPQNHWNVP WAT（2/12，16.6%），HSQSFWNAPLAM and AHPWTHGYFPPL （1/12，8.3%） respectively . The results demonstrate that the peptides screened with 2B4 antibody are mimot opes for LPS conservative epitope.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal medicine immunomodulator on T lymphocyte immune function in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa of immature rats with obstructive jaundice. Methods Three-weeks Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. (n= 12, in each): normal control group, sham operation group, obstructive jaundice (OJ) group, OJ + Chinese herbal medicine immunomodulator (OJ+ZY) group. Except for the normal control group, the others' bile duct stones were ligatured to establish rat models with obstructive jaundice. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ tlymphocytes and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa of immature rats was detected by flow cytometry. Results The percentage of CD4+ cell [(36.2 ±4.2)%, (28.8±1.8)% respectively] and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ [(1.14±0.39), (1.37±0.34)respectively] in OJ group were lower than those in normal control group [peripheral blood: CD4+(41.5±5.3)%,CD4+/CD8+(1.37±0.19); intestinal mucosa: CD4+(32.3± 2.4)%, CD4+/CD8+ (1.84+0.28) and sham operation group (peripheral blood: CD4+ (41.2±5.5)%, CD4+/CD8+ (1.45±0.27); intestinal mucosa: CD4+(31.5 ± 2.7)%, CD4+/CD8+ (1.63±0.58)] . The difference was statistical significant(P<0.05). The percentage of CD4+ cell [(42.7±6.3)%, (33.6±2.4)% respectively] and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ [(1.56±0.46), (1.84±0.56)respectively] in OJ+ZY group, were higher than those in OJ group(P<0.05). The difference was statistical significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine immunomodulator can increase T lymphocyte immune function in immature rats with obstructive jaundice, but has no significance in normal control group as well as sham operation group.

Selenium, a metalloid mineral micronutrient,is an essential component for the adequate and healthy life of human, animals, and some other microorganisms.Selenium has antioxidative and oxidative effects on living organisms.Selenium deficiency has been associated with impaired function of the immune system.Selenium deficiency appears to enhance the virulence or progression of some viral infections.Selenium deficiency results in decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase, increasing oxidative damage and the likelihood of mutations in the viral genome.The safe range of selenium intake is relatively small and excess selenium intake can readily result in toxicity.This review summarizes the updates of benefitial and adverse effects of selenium on health.

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method to determine the content of ephedrine?HCl in Xiaoyan Zhike Plaster. Method The sample was prepared according to 2005 edition of Chinese Pharmacopocia, the column of Inertsil-3 ODS (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was composed of methanol-0.1% of phosphoric acid (5∶95). The flow rate was 1 mL/min, with UV detection at 207 nm. Results The linear range was 0.041～0.41 ?g (r=0.999 8). The lowest limit of detection was 0.025 6 ?g. The average recovery and the precision was 99.55% and 2.58%. Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of Xiaoyan Zhike Plaster.

Objective To find out the bioactive constituents in the stem of Lonicera japonica and to carry out a systematic study on the chemical constituents of the plant. Methods Three compounds were isolated from the plant by means of solvent extraction and column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectral analyses. Results All these compounds were identified as luteolin (Ⅰ), loga-nin (Ⅱ), r-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-trans-2, cis-3-dihydroxymethyl-7, 8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-naphthalene (Ⅲ), respectively. Conclusion Compound Ⅲ is a new compound named as japenol.

Objective To optimize the alcohol extraction technique of the medical herbs such as Rhizoma Corydalis and Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. Methods To optimize the alcohol extraction technique with L9(34) orthogonal test. The content of the tetrahydropalmatine in Rhizoma Corydalis,which was used as evaluating criteria,was determined by HPLC. Results The optimized extraction technique was as follows: the medicinal material was extracted for 3 times with 3 times amount of 75% alcohol,1.5 hours per time. Conclusions The optimized technique is reasonable and the extraction rate was high.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence information and clinical manifestations of adverse reactions caused by quinolones antimicrobial drugs in Beijing Hospital and to provide the basis for clinical use.Method:In a retrospective study,128 cases of adverse reactions caused by quinolones antimicrobial drugs from 2003 to 2007 in Beijing Hospital were statistically analyzed in respect of drug categories,genders,ages,routes of administration,organs or systems, clinical manifestations,etc.Result:The drugs causing adverse drug reactions included seven categories.Levofloxacin showed the highest propotion,and intravenous drip was the main route of administration,and damages of skin were the most common manifestation.Conclusion:Adverse reactions monitoring of anti-infective agents should be strengthened to ensure the rational and safe patient medication.

Objective To investigate the effects of serum from burned rats on the gene expression in cultured rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods Bone marrow was extracted from sacrificed Wistar rats, and MSCs were then incubated for 24h in F-12 medium in the presence of normal rat serum (group N) or serum obtained from burned rats 3 days after injury (group B). Total RNA was extracted from both groups.The mRNA was isolated.An Oligo microarray containing 5705 genes was used to compare the differences of gene expression between two groups. Results There were four genes which expressed differently in two groups.In comparison with group N, the expression of steroid sensitive gene 1 was decreased, but that of fibroblast growth factor-4, dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase and a EST, which was moderately similar to Bmp2-inducible kinase, were increased in group B. Conclusion Serum from burned rats was able to change the gene expression of MSCs, and it might play the key role in wound repair.

Objective To investigate the effects of serum from rats with burn injury on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Methods Bone marrow was extracted from sacrificed Wistar rats and MSCs were then incubated in F-12 medium in the presence of fetal calf serum (FCS) (group F),normal rat serum (group N),or serum harvested from rats with burn injury(group B). Cells of the fifth passage were harvested to investigate the expression of CK and FⅧ by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Results With immunohistochemical staining,both CK and FⅧ were positive in MSCs of group B and negative in the cells of the other two groups. The flow cytometry analysis showed that the positive rates of CK and FⅧ staining MSCs of group B were higher than that of the other two groups ( P 0.05). Conclusions The serum obtained from rats with burn injury could induce differentiation of MSCs to both epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells,implying that serum after barm injury might promote the MSCs to participate in the process of wound repair.