1.Lung Transplantation Triggered "Jackhammer Esophagus": A Case Report and Review of Literature.
Mohammed Q KHAN ; Imran Y NIZAMI ; Basha J KHAN ; Hamad I AL-ASHGAR
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2013;19(3):390-394
A 19-years-old girl was referred for lung transplant due to end stage lung disease secondary to idiopathic bilateral bronchiectasis. Her routine pre lung transplant evaluation showed normal esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) and 24-hours impedance pH monitoring. Four weeks after the bilateral sequential lung transplantation (LTx), she developed dysphagia, chest pain and regurgitation, complicated by aspiration pneumonia. Repeated HRM showed Jackhammer esophagus, delayed gastric emptying and abnormal 24-hour pH impedance monitoring consistent with the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Twelve weeks after LTx, she was symptom free, HRM and 24-hour impedance pH monitoring returned to normal. To the best of our knowledge, this rare transient esophageal hypercontractility episode occurred after LTx and recovered without any specific treatment was never reported in literature. The etiopathogenesis of Jackhammer esophagus in general and LTx induced dysmotility in particular is discussed and reviewed.
Bronchiectasis
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Chest Pain
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Deglutition Disorders
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Electric Impedance
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Esophagus
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Gastric Emptying
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Gastroesophageal Reflux
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Lung
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Lung Diseases
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Lung Transplantation
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Manometry
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Pneumonia, Aspiration
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Transplants
2.Diagnostic Utility of Impedance-pH Monitoring in Refractory Non-erosive Reflux Disease.
Mohammed Q KHAN ; Ali ALARAJ ; Fahad ALSOHAIBANI ; Khalid AL-KAHTANI ; Sahar JBARAH ; Hamad AL-ASHGAR
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2014;20(4):497-505
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Approximately one-third of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) patients are refractory to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and face a therapeutic challenge. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between pathological and non-pathological reflux utilizing multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) to analyze symptom-reflux association and diagnose true NERD versus hyper-sensitive esophagus (HE) and functional heartburn (FH). Herein, we evaluated the diagnostic yield of MII-pH in refractory NERD and sub-classified it based on quantity and quality of acid/non-acid reflux and reflux-symptom association. METHODS: Sixty symptomatic NERD patients on twice daily PPI for > 2 months were prospectively evaluated by MII-pH. Distal and proximal refluxes, bolus exposure time (BET), esophageal acid exposure time, symptom index (SI) and symptom association probability (SAP) were measured. RESULTS: Thirty-two (53%) patients had BET > 1.4% (MII-pH positive-true NERD), while 28 (47%) had BET < 1.4% (MII-pH negative NERD) where SI and SAP were negative in 15/60 (25%; categorized as FH) and SI or SAP were positive in 13/60 (22%; identified as HE). Thirty-eight (63%) patients reported significant SI or SAP parameters where > 80% of symptoms were associated with non-acid reflux. The number of distal refluxes in true NERD versus FH or HE were significantly different, but not between FH and HE. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 60% of refractory PPI NERD patients had positive reflux-symptom association, primarily due to non-acid reflux. Nearly half of NERD patients on PPI had normal MII-pH monitoring, sub-divided further into FH and HE equally.
Esophagus
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Heartburn
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Humans
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Prospective Studies
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Proton Pump Inhibitors