No abstract available.
Hallucinogens* ; Narcotics*

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Hallucinogens* ; Narcotics* ; Pharmacology*

No abstract available.
Epidemiology* ; Hallucinogens* ; Narcotics*

Hallucinogens/therapeutic use* ; Depression/drug therapy*

BACKGROUND: Early age at first sexual intercourse in women is associated with an increased number of sex partners, a greater risk for sexually transmitted diseases(STD), and an increased risk for cervical neoplasia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to find risky sexual behavior for STD and to examine the correlation between the behavior and age of first sexual intercourse. Therefore we investigate whether early initiation of sexual intercourse is a risk factor for risky sexual behavior and STD. METHODS: Responses to a self-administered questionniare and interview from 1132 recruit men in a Korean army recruit training center were analysed. RESULTS: The rate of previously affected STD by first coitus were 40.6% in men who were sexually active before 15 years, 25.8% between 16 and 18 years, and 14.2% after 19 years. The men who had more sex partners tend to have higher rate of STD. The rate of STD is higher in men who experienced hallucinogens. In men who had sexual intercourse with risky sexual partners the rate of STD was higher. The experience rate of extravaginal sex had no effect on the rate of STD. Men who became sexually active before 15 years were more likely to report having 5 or more sexual partners, having coitus with risky partners, using hallucinogens, and having more prevalence of STD than other first coital age group. CONCLUSION: Risky sexual behavior is sexual intercourse with risky sexual partner, use of hallucinogens, more sexual partner, and early age of first sexual intercourse. In this study, our data provide evidence that early age of first intercoutse is a useful marker for risky sexual behavior and STD.
Coitus ; Female ; Hallucinogens ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases*

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated trends in the study of phytochemical treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: The Web of Science database (2007-2022) was searched using the search terms "phytochemicals" and "PTSD," and relevant literature was compiled. Network clustering co-occurrence analysis and qualitative narrative review were conducted. RESULTS: Three hundred and one articles were included in the analysis of published research, which has surged since 2015 with nearly half of all relevant articles coming from North America. The category is dominated by neuroscience and neurology, with two journals, Addictive Behaviors and Drug and Alcohol Dependence, publishing the greatest number of papers on these topics. Most studies focused on psychedelic intervention for PTSD. Three timelines show an "ebb and flow" phenomenon between "substance use/marijuana abuse" and "psychedelic medicine/medicinal cannabis." Other phytochemicals account for a small proportion of the research and focus on topics like neurosteroid turnover, serotonin levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression. CONCLUSION Research on phytochemicals and PTSD is unevenly distributed across countries/regions, disciplines, and journals. Since 2015, the research paradigm shifted to constitute the mainstream of psychedelic research thus far, leading to the exploration of botanical active ingredients and molecular mechanisms. Other studies focus on anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation. Please cite this article as: Gao B, Qu YC, Cai MY, Zhang YY, Lu HT, Li HX, Tang YX, Shen H. Phytochemical interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder: A cluster co-occurrence network analysis using CiteSpace. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(4):385-396.
Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy* ; Hallucinogens/therapeutic use* ; Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy*

Adult ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Hallucinogens ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Motion Perception ; drug effects ; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ; adverse effects