No abstract available.
Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Parkinsonian Disorders*

No abstract available.
Gait Apraxia ; Gait

There is increasing evidence that inflammation is involved in the mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke. The utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has recently been reported to help in the prognostication of stroke. The utility of NLR in the diagnosis of stroke remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, patients with acute ischemic stroke who presented within the first 24 hours of symptom onset to our clinic from September to December 2019 were studied, involving 93 patients with stroke and 60 control. The mean age in the stroke group was 71.7 ± 12.2 years whereas it was 72.6 ± 5.7 in the control group (p=0.405). The female/male ratio was 47/46 in the stroke group and it was 26/34 in the control group (p=0.411). The NLR level was higher in patients with ischemic stroke as compared to control (p=0.029) whereas hemoglobin levels were lower in the patient group (p= 0.025). The ROC curve analysis revealed that a NLR cutoff point of 2.34 had 61.3 % sensitivity and 60% specificity in detecting patients with ischemic stroke. The regression analyses also revealed that the NLR and hemoglobin levels were predictors for stroke. In conclusion, NLR and hemoglobin may potentially be paraclinical markers in differential diagnosis of stroke.

Background: and Purpose There are controversies regarding the role of presynaptic inhibition (PSI) in the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We sought to determine the involvement of PSI in DBS-related mechanisms and clinical correlates. Methods: We enrolled PD subjects who had received subthalamic nucleus DBS (STN-DBS) therapy and had been admitted to our clinic between January 2022 and March 2022. The tibial H-reflex was studied bilaterally during the medication-off state, and all tests were repeated 10 and 20 minutes after the simulation was turned off. Simultaneous evaluations based on the Movement-Disorder-Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) were performed in all of the patients. Results: Ultimately we enrolled 18 patients aged 58.7±9.3 years (mean±standard deviation, 10 females). Fifty percent of the patients showed a decrease in the MDS-UPDRS-III score of more than 60% during the stimulation-on period. Comparative analyses of the repeated measurements made according to the stimulation status revealed significant differences only in the left H-reflex/M-response amplitude ratio (H/M ratio). However, no difference in the left H/M ratio was found in the subgroup of patients with a prominent clinical response to stimulation (n=9). Analyses of the less-affected side revealed differences in the H-reflex amplitude and H/M ratio. Conclusions We found evidence of PSI recovery on the less-affected side of our PD subjects associated with STN-DBS. We hypothesize that the involvement of this spinal pathway and its contribution to the mechanisms of DBS differ between individuals based on the severity of the disease and which brainstem regions and descending tracts are involved.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of provisional cement removal by different dentin cleaning protocols (dental explorer, pumice, cleaning bur, Er:YAG laser) on the shear bond strength between ceramic and dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 36 caries-free unrestored human third molars were selected as tooth specimens. Provisional restorations were fabricated and cemented with eugenol-free provisional cement. Then, disc-shaped ceramic specimens were fabricated and randomly assigned to four groups of dentin cleaning protocols (n = 9). Group 1 (control): Provisional cements were mechanically removed with a dental explorer. Group 2: The dentin surfaces were treated with a cleaning brush with pumice Group 3: The dentin surfaces were treated with a cleaning bur. Group 4: The provisional cements were removed by an Er:YAG laser. Self-adhesive luting cement was used to bond ceramic discs to dentin surfaces. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured using a universal testing machine at a 0.05 mm/min crosshead speed. The data were analyzed using a Kolmogorov Smirnov, One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests to perform multiple comparisons (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: The dentin cleaning methods did not significantly affect the SBS of ceramic discs to dentin as follows: dental explorer, pumice, cleaning bur, and Er:YAG laser. CONCLUSION: The use of different cleaning protocols did not affect the SBS between dentin and ceramic surfaces.
Ceramics ; Collodion ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentin ; Humans ; Molar, Third ; Silicates ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Occlusal splints are commonly used to prevent tooth wear caused by bruxism. However, the effects of splints on occlusion are still unclear. Although it is rarely alluded in literature, splints can provoke severe occlusal alterations and other complications. This study was aimed to identify differences in the responses of individuals with bruxism and healthy individuals to a full-arch maxillary stabilization splint in terms of occlusal changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Occlusal contacts in 20 (5 male, 15 female) bruxism patients and 20 (5 male, 15 female) controls with normal occlusion were evaluated before and after occlusal splint therapy. T-Scan III, a computerized occlusal analysis system, was used to simultaneously measure occlusion and disclusion times as well as left-right and anterior-posterior contact distributions before splint therapy and 3 months after therapy. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analyses (alpha=.05). RESULTS: No differences were found in the posterior contact of bruxism patients before and after stabilization splint treatment. However, differences in posterior contact were observed between bruxists and normal individuals prior to treatment, and this difference disappeared following treatment. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed the use of a stabilization splint may not have an effect on occlusion. However, the area of posterior occlusal contact among bruxists was found to be greater than that of normal individuals. According to this study, the clinical use of splints may be harmless.
Bruxism ; Humans ; Male ; Occlusal Splints ; Splints ; Tooth Wear