OBJECTIVES: Hemophilia B has been known to result from more than 500 kinds of mutations. And it is difficult to find out a mutation specific for each family. Therefore, linkage analysis of DNA polymorphism within or near the factor IX gene has been frequently used in the clinical practice for molecular genetic diagnosis of hemophilia B. But the ethnic variation makes more difficult to apply useful markers in Caucasian population. To investigate the usefulness of the MseI and HhaI polymorphism in Korean population, we analysed the MseI and HhaI polymorphism. METHODS: Forty-five normal Korean and thirteen parents of the hemophilia B patients, using PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. RESULTS: The heterozygosity rate of MseI polymorphism was 49.7% and that of HhaI polymorphism was 25.5%. CONCLUSION: These data indicated that PCR-based analysis of MseI and HhaI polymorphism of factor IX was useful in molecular genetic diagnosis of hemophilia B in Korean population.
Diagnosis* ; DNA* ; Factor IX* ; Hemophilia A* ; Hemophilia B* ; Humans ; Molecular Biology* ; Parents ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Restriction Mapping

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

Poor R-Wave Progression(PRWP) of precordial leads is frequently encountered electrocardiographic findings of uncertain significance and has simply been deemed as suggestion of anterior myocardial infarction without concrete ground. 217 cases with poor R-Wave Progression have been analyzed on clinical records and results are as follows. 1) PRWP was most frequently found in fifties and sixities, comprising 63.9% of the subjects. 2) Co-existent disease entities with PRWP were classified into three categories, cardiovascular diseases, chronic lung diseases and normal variants. 3) The cardiovascular diseases related with PRWP were mainly hypertensive diseases, comprising 59.8% of cardiovascular diseases, followed by ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathies. 4) PRWP may be an early sign of acute myocardial infarction in a certain part of cases, which was endorsed by typical clinical symptoms and enzyme studies. 5) As the criterion of PRWP, V3R equal to or less than 3 mm was thought more adequate for higher specificity rather than 4 mm.
Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Lung Diseases ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The following is a retrospective study on the results of anterior spinal surgery with Kaneda II instrumentation and surgical Titanium MESH after thoracolumbar unstable spinal injuries. From July 1994 to June 1995, we operated on 14 patients at the Chosun University Kwang Yang hospital. Fourteen patients were followed for at least three months. Anterior spinal surgery was performed on the patients who had thoracolumbar unstable spine injuries. The procedure consisted of anterior decompression through corpectomy and stabilization with Kaneda II instrumentation and surgical Titanium MESH which was impacked with resected bone chip. Most of patients had demonstrated showed neurological improvement, relief of pain, immediate stabilization and early return to normal activities. Radiologic evaluation showed the correction of the fracture deformity with satisfactory outcome postoperatively.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine* ; Titanium*

The brain consists of heterogeneous populations of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. The revelation of their connections and interactions is fundamental to understanding normal brain functions as well as abnormal changes in pathological conditions. Optogenetics and chemogenetics have been developed to allow functional manipulations both in vitro and in vivo to examine causal relationships between cellular changes and functional outcomes. These techniques are based on genetically encoded effector molecules that respond exclusively to exogenous stimuli, such as a certain wavelength of light or a synthetic ligand. Activation of effector molecules provokes diverse intracellular changes, such as an influx or efflux of ions, depolarization or hyperpolarization of membranes, and activation of intracellular signaling cascades. Optogenetics and chemogenetics have been applied mainly to the study of neuronal circuits, but their use in studying non-neuronal cells has been gradually increasing. Here we introduce recent studies that have employed optogenetics and chemogenetics to reveal the function of astrocytes and gliotransmitters.
Astrocytes* ; Brain ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ions ; Membranes ; Neurons ; Optogenetics*

PURPOSE: It has been suggested that changes in cerebral blood flow by ventilator care could be a risk factor in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and severe periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PV-IVH). The study aims to assess the relationship between perinatal clinical events, including ventilator care, and the development of PVL and severe PV-IVH; especially, whether ventilator care could be causers of PVL and severe PV-IVH as an individual risk factor. METHODS: Among 255 very low birth weight infants who survived in the Fatima neonatal intensive care unit from January 1999 to December 2003, 15 infants with PVL and eight infants with severe PV-IVH were classified as a study group, while 231 infants were enrolled as a control group. The analysis was performed retrospectively with medical records. RESULTS: Twenty four infants were diagnosed with PVL or severe PV-IVH. Asphyxia, recurrent apnea, sepsis, acidosis and ventilator care were significantly increased in the PVL goup. Asphyxia, recurrent apnea, RDS, acidosis and ventilator care were significantly increased in the severe PV-IVH group. CONCLUSION: Infants with PVL or severe PV-IVH may have multiple perinatal risk factors including asphyxia, recurrent apnea, sepsis, acidosis, RDS and ventilator care. Because most patients with ventilator care have multiple perinatal risk factors, ventilator care does not cause PVL and severe PV- IVH independently. Therefore, incidences of PVL and severe PV-IVH can be decreased by not only gentle ventilation, but also more professional antenatal care.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors

A clinical study was done on 16 cases of constrictive pericarditis admitted to National Medical Center, from january, 1970 to October, 1982, were reviewed, conclusion as follows: 1) The patients with constrictive pericarditis generally revealed clinical features of right heart failure but low incidence of its characteristic features. 2) Hemodynamic and echocardiographic examinations were much helpful in confirmation of clinical diagnosis. 3) pericardiectomy was highly succesful in achievement of clinical improvement.
Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Heart Failure ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pericardiectomy ; Pericarditis, Constrictive*

Eupatilin is known to possess anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and antiinflammatoryproperties. We report here that eupatilin has a protective effect onthe ethanol-induced injury in rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups:control, vehicle, silymarin, eupatilin 10 mg/kg, eupatilin 30 mg/kg, and eupatilin 100mg/kg. Plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were analyzed to determine the extent of liver damage. Total cholesterol(TC) and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed to determine the level of liver steatosis.Malondialdehyde level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH)level were analyzed to determine the extent of oxidative stress. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)- and interleukin (IL)-1 were quantified to verify the degree of inflammation.Based on our findings, chronic alcohol treatment significantly changed the serumindexes and liver indicators of the model rats, which were significantly improved byeupatilin treatment. Rats in the eupatilin-treatment group showed reduced levelsof AST, ALT, TG, TC, TNF-, and IL-1, increased SOD activity and GSH levels, and improvedoverall physiology compared to the alcoholic liver disease model rats. H&Estaining also verified the eupatilin-mediated improvement in liver injury. In conclusion,eupatilin inhibits alcohol-induced liver injury via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatoryeffects.

Eupatilin is known to possess anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and antiinflammatoryproperties. We report here that eupatilin has a protective effect onthe ethanol-induced injury in rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups:control, vehicle, silymarin, eupatilin 10 mg/kg, eupatilin 30 mg/kg, and eupatilin 100mg/kg. Plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were analyzed to determine the extent of liver damage. Total cholesterol(TC) and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed to determine the level of liver steatosis.Malondialdehyde level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH)level were analyzed to determine the extent of oxidative stress. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)- and interleukin (IL)-1 were quantified to verify the degree of inflammation.Based on our findings, chronic alcohol treatment significantly changed the serumindexes and liver indicators of the model rats, which were significantly improved byeupatilin treatment. Rats in the eupatilin-treatment group showed reduced levelsof AST, ALT, TG, TC, TNF-, and IL-1, increased SOD activity and GSH levels, and improvedoverall physiology compared to the alcoholic liver disease model rats. H&Estaining also verified the eupatilin-mediated improvement in liver injury. In conclusion,eupatilin inhibits alcohol-induced liver injury via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatoryeffects.

No abstract available.