No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Intention* ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking*

Here, we report a case of artificial prosthesis of the knee joint combining with homogenous bone transplantation for the treatment of giant cell tumor of the right distal femur. At one year follow up, the patient complains almost no pain nor tenderness at operative site and ambulates with partial weight bearing with crutches. The X-ray finding shows satisfactory bony union with progressive bony remodelling.
Bone Transplantation ; Crutches ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Prostheses and Implants ; Weight-Bearing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among family functioning, empathy and aggression by high school students. METHODS: This was a descriptive study. The survey participants were 467 high school students from M city. Data were collected from November 29 to December 7, 2012 and self-report questionnaires including a Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Indexes, and an Aggression Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The majority of the subjects were 2nd graders (42.0%) and female (57.2%). 59.7% of the subjects had religion, 84.8% were living together with parents. The mean ages of their fathers and mothers were 49.90+/-0.20 and 46.85+/-0.19 respectively. Aggression was found to have a statistically negative correlation with family functioning and empathy. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of aggression was empathic concern. Empathic concern, family cohesiveness, perspective taking, personal distress and gender accounted for 16.7% of the variances. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide aggressiveness reduction programs for high school students that consider their family functioning and empathy.
Aggression* ; Empathy* ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study was to compare the dento-skeletal characteristics between functional and skeletal anterior cross-bite patients. Twenty-eight functional anterior cross-bite patients and thirty-one skeletal anterior cross-bite patients were selected as a test and a control group. Mean ages of the test and the control group were 9.6+/-1.8 and 9.8+/-1.9, respectively. Lateral cephalograms were taken. Forty-nine cephalometric variables were measured and statistical analysis was performed to find the morphological differences between the groups. Statistically significant differences were found in the cephalometric variables of cranial deflection, maxillary depth, ANB, convexity, NPo-AB, APDI, Mx 1-SN, Mx 1-NA angle, Mx 1-NA, Md 1-NB angle and Md 1-NB. The test group showed more Class III growth potential, more protruded maxilla, lesser maxillo-mandibular difference, more uprighted and retruded maxillary central incisor, more labially tipped and protruded mandibular central incisor.
Humans ; Incisor ; Maxilla

No abstract available.
Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Korea* ; Prevalence*

Heat disorders are not uncommon in the military society due to supposedly hard training to overcome the environmental conditions. Twenty-two soldiers with heat disorders were admitted to Chin Hae Naval Hospital June 1969 through July 1970. Hoping that our clinical studies on them contribute to a renewed understanding, the results are reported in summary as follows: 1) Heat disorders occurred with an overall incidence of 3.1 per cent during running in early summer. 2) Of the twenty-two patients, eight (37 per cent) had heat cramps, six (27 per cent) heat exhaustion, five(23 per cent) heat stroke, and three(13 per cent) had undetermined disorder. 3) Ten patients(45 per cent) were comatous, and this occurred most frequently(80 per cent) among those with heat stroke. 4) All patients were grouped into four according to their physical status on admission. Those with heat exhaustion mostly belonged to group I (good) or group II (fair). Those with heat stroke and heat cramps eomprised most of group III (poor) and group IV (grave). 5) Group I and II patients recovered within 12 hours; group III, within 12~24 hours; and group IV, required more than 24 hours of care. 6) One patient with heat stroke, graded V, expired with sudden hypothermia 15 hours following admission. Overall mortality of heat disorders was 4.5 per cent, and that of heat stroke 20 per cent. 7) The rest recovered uneventfully within 19 hours of average.
Chin ; Emergencies* ; Heat Exhaustion ; Heat Stress Disorders ; Heat Stroke ; Hope ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Incidence ; Military Personnel ; Mortality ; Running

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics of meniscal injury occurring in various sports activities. Materials and Methods: One thousand and ninety cases who underwent arthroscopic surgery for meniscus tear from June 2011 to February 2022 were included. Patients aged 65 years and older and those with previous surgical history, combined ligament injuries, and combined cartilage lesions were excluded. A retrospective analysis was conducted using the magnetic resonance imaging findings, arthroscopic findings, and medical records to analyze the tear pattern, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and timing of the damage. Results: Among the cases, sports-related injuries accounted for 273 cases, constituting 32.6% of the total. Of these, 196 cases (71.8%) were male, with an average age of 34.1±15.1 years. The average age was significantly lower, and more males were in the sports injury group than the non-sports injury group (p<0.05). Moreover, acute injuries were observed in 161 cases (59.0%), and injuries with clear traumatic history were present in 176 cases (64.5%), which were significantly higher than in the non-sports injury group (p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant difference in the BMI was observed between the two groups (p=0.810). In the sports injury group, medial meniscus tears exhibited a longitudinal tear in 13 cases (11.0%), which was higher than the non-sports injury group with nine cases (2.9%). Root tears were observed in 11 cases (9.3%) and 58 cases (18.9%) in the sports injury and non-sports injury group, respectively, showing a lower incidence (p=0.004). For lateral meniscus tears, complex tears were significantly higher in the sports injury group at 50 cases (28.6%) compared to 61 cases (19.3%) in the non-sports injury group (p=0.017). Conclusion The sports injury group showed a significant prevalence of acute injuries and cases with a clear history of trauma among young males. Regarding tear patterns, longitudinal tears were more common in the medial meniscus, while complex tears were more prevalent in the lateral meniscus. Understanding these injury characteristics will become even more important as the sports population grows.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and chlorhexidine on Acanthamoeba cysts and cultured human keratocytes. METHODS: Each well of two-fold diluted PHMB and chlorhexidine were treated on the Acanthamoeba cyst suspension of 5 x 10(4) cysts/ml for 8, 24, and 48 hours to measure the minimal cysticidal concentration (MCC) of each disinfectant and was exposed to the human corneal keratocytes of 5 x 10(4) cells/ml for same hours to measure the survival rate of keratocytes. Inverted phase-contrast micrograph and electron microscopy for observing the morphologic changes were evaluated. RESULTS: MCC of PHMB was 9.42 microgram/ml, 5.62 microgram/ml, and 2.37 microgram/ml, and chlorhexidine was 24.32 microgram/ml, 10.02 microgram/ml, and 7.02 microgram/ml respecitvely in 8, 24, and 48 hours. The survival rate of keratocytes at MCC was 91.7%, 64.6%, and 49.7% in PHMB of which significant decreases were found at 24 and 48 hours, and 95.7%, 90.6%, and 78.1% in chlorhexidine of which significant decrease was only found at 48 hours. The higher the concentration of disinfectants, cysts and keratocytes demonstrated more damaged appearance. CONCLUSIONS: The amoebicidal efficacy of PHMB and chlorhexidine was similar. However, in consideration of toxic effect on keratocytes by disinfectants, chlorhexidine is suggested to be more clinically useful than PHMB.
Acanthamoeba ; Chlorhexidine ; Corneal Keratocytes* ; Disinfectants ; Humans* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: To evaluate the cysticidal effect of 5 kinds of commercially available contact lens disinfectants against 2 clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba. METHODS: Five kinds of commercially available contact lens disinfectants were soaked with cysts of Acanthamoeba ludgdunesis and castellanii at the concentration of 10(3), 10(4), and 10(5) cells/ml for 1 and 4 or 6 hours. Cysts which were not excysted in 7 days after treatment were recognized to be killed. Morphologic changes were evaluated by electron microscopic observation. RESULTS: Contact lens disinfectants which contain myristamidopropyl dimethylamine (MAPD) showed the best cysticidal effect. These disinfectants demonstrated a cysticidal effect on both Acanthamoeba species of all concentrations in 6-hour treatment. Contact lens disinfectants which contain polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) did not demonstrate cysticidal effect, except for Acanthamoeba castellanii at the concentration of 10(3) cells/ml, in either 4- or 6-hour treatment. Separation of plasma membrane from endocyst and damage of organelles were prominent in cases showing a cysticidal effect. CONCLUSIONS: Contact lens disinfectant which contains MAPD may be helpful in preventing the Acanthamoeba keratitis. A higher concentration of PHMB is required to be effective in preventing Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Acanthamoeba castellanii ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis ; Acanthamoeba* ; Cell Membrane ; Contact Lens Solutions ; Disinfectants ; Organelles

Clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (189 Klebsiella, 61 Enterobacter, 32 Serratia, 19 E. coli, 7 Proteus, and 3 Citrobacter) from one university hospital were epidemiologically analyzed by using transferable R plasmids resistant beta-lactam antibiotics including broad-spectrum cephalosporins. About 30% of E. cloacae and S. marcescens and about 5% of K. pneumoniae were resistant to one or more broad-spectrum j3-lactam antibiotics including cefotaxim, ceftazidime, aztreonam, or cefoxitin but all isolates of E. aerogenes, K oxytoca, and P. mirabilis were susceptible. Thirty-six conjugative R plasmids including 8 plasmids resistant expanded-spectrum cephalosporins were obtained from multiple resistant K. pneumoniae (19), E. cloacae (9), E. coli (4), and C. freundii (1). Thirty-one plasmids were subjected to R plasmid analysis and classified 20 different plasmid types. Among them 5, 2, and 2 plasmids belong to 3 different types respectively showed identical molecular size, endonuclease fragment pattern by Southem hybridization pattern by TEM-1 probe, pI value by isoelctric focusing, and also identical antibiogram and biotype of wild strains harboring plasmids. But all of plasmids resistant to cefotaxim, ceftazidime, aztreonam or cefoxitin showed different palsmid anlysis patterns. These results indicate that the epidemic strains of 3 clonal types had been present in this hospital and anlysis using transferable R plasmid and bla gene can be used to discriminate multi-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Aztreonam ; Cefotaxime ; Cefoxitin ; Ceftazidime ; Cephalosporins ; Cloaca ; Dermatoglyphics* ; Enterobacter ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Klebsiella ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mirabilis ; Plasmids* ; Pneumonia ; Proteus ; R Factors ; Serratia