The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of Yoga exercise as one way of thenursing intervention on stress and health status. This study was a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The study subjects were clinical nurses at K University hospital, in J city. Fifty one nurses were selected with 26 to a experimental group and 25 to a control group. The study data were collected from November, 2002 to January, 2003. During this period Yoga exercise was given to experimental group three times per week(one hour every time) for twelve weeks and no program was given to control group. The degree of general stress, job stress, health perception and health status was measured before and after experiment. The data were analyzed using SAS 8.1 program to obtain chi-square, paired, unpaired t-test. The results of this study are as follows. 1. After the experiment, the degree of general stress increased (t=-3.61, p=0.001) in experimental group, but in control group. There was significant difference between two groups (t=-2.10, p=0.041). However there was no significant difference in job stress between two groups and in each group (p=0.001), 2. After the experiment, the degree of health perception in experimental group increased (t=2.13, p=0.043) in control group. There was no significant difference between two groups. Health status in experimental group increased (t=3.14, 0.004) but in control group after the experiment. There was no significant difference between two groups. From the results, we are convinced that Yoga exercise is the nursing intervention that could decrease stress and promote health status in clinical nurses. Therefore Yoga exercise could be largely applied as one way of health care for nurses.
Delivery of Health Care ; Nursing ; Yoga*

A clinical review was made on 48 cases with cor pulmonale who were admitted to medical department, National Medical Center, between 1973 and 1982, and the results were as follows : 1) Teh age of subjects ranged from 26 to 88, and their mean was 51. male to female ratio was 1.6:1 and majority of them were in their 6th and 7th decade. 2) COPD was the most common cause of cor pulmonale but pulmonary tuberculosis had also a considerable portion. Less commonly it was caused by chest deformity which was mainly from spine tuberculosis and kyphoscoliosis. 3) Almost all patients were admitted with over heart failure. 4) Laboratory features showed indirect evidence of heart failure and pulmonary hypertension in chest X-ray films, RVH patterns in EKG and hypoxia and hypertcapnea with metabolic compensation in arterial gas analysis. 5) The case fatality rate was one-forth and that from kyphoscoliosis was especially high(80%).
Anoxia ; Compensation and Redress ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Male ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Pulmonary Heart Disease* ; Spine ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; X-Ray Film

A clinical analysis of infective endocarditis was done in 34 patients who were admitted to National Medical Center from march. 1972 to June. 1984, and the results were as follows. 1) There was no difference in ratio between sexes. The prevalence was highest in the 3rd decade. 2) The important preexisting heart diseases were rheumatic heart disease(32.4%), congenital heart disease(17.6%) and undefined cardiac condition(20.6%) in order of frequency. 3) The common symptoms and signs on admission were fever(88.3%), cardiac murmur(79.4%), malaise(70.6%), dyspnea (64.7%), palpitation(55.9%) and hepatosplenomegaly(55.9%). 4) The positive blood culture was obtained in 15(47%) of the cases. Those who had not received antibiotics before admission showed higher rate of positive culture(72.7%) than in those who had received(33.3%). 5) The laboratary findings revealed anemia(73.5%), leukocytosis(35.3%), increased ESR(73.5%), microscopic hematuria(61.8%) and positive CRP(100.0%). 6) The EKG findings showed normal(11.8%), sinus tachycardia(32.4%), LV hypertrophy(29.4%), non-specific ST-T change(20.6%) and AV block(14.7%). 7) Vegetation was detected by echocardiography in 43% of cases and the most frequently involved valve was aortic(66.7%). 8) The combination of penicillin and aminoglycoside was effective in 86.4% of patients so treated.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Penicillins ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical factors that contribute to femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. METHODS: From March 1993 to March 2000, retrospective study on 17 cases of femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy was performed. Sixty eight patients who had normal neurologic finding on the lower extremities after the same operation were used as a control group. RESULTS: The incidence of femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy was 1.67%. Age, body weight, parity and type of skin incision were significantly different between study and control group. The mean age of the study group was 38.1+6.1 years and that of the control group was 43.2+/-8.9 years(p<0.05). The mean body weight of the study group was 52.9 6.4kg, while that of the control group was 57.8+/-7.4kg(p<0.05). The mean parity of the study group was 1.9+/-0.7 as opposed to 2.6+/-1.3 for the control group(p<0.05). Pfannenstiel`s incision was performed in 13 cases(76.5%) in the study group as opposed to 34 cases(50%) in the control group(p<0.05). There were no correlation between these two groups with respect to patient height, operative time, transfusion and change in hemoglobin level. In the study group, 13 cases(76.5%) with femoral neuropathy on the left side were found, 3 cases(17.6%) on the right side and 1 case(5.9%) on both side. Left side femoral neuropathy was more common than the right(p<0.05). Spontaneous recovery occurred in 16 cases of the study group within 4 months and, although residual symptoms were noted in the remaining 1 case, no serious sequelae have been observed. CONCLUSION: It was suggested that pelvic retractor compresses the femoral nerve during the abdominal hysterectomy. The patients age, body weight, parity and a type of skin incision could be contributing factors to femoral neuropathy.
Body Weight ; Female ; Femoral Nerve ; Femoral Neuropathy* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Operative Time ; Parity ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin

Emphysematous gangrene of the lower extremity in a diabetic patient due to minor trauma is being presented. The gas originating from the extremity extended along to fascial planes into the pelvic cavity, scrotal region, retroperitoneal space, and abdominal wall. CT demonstrated the pathways of upward extension of emphysematousgangrene. Anatomic pathways of the spread of the disease are insertions of the iliopsoas, piriformis and obturator internus muscles, and their fascial investments, and the endopelvic fascia. Anatomic pathways on CT and the roleof CT are discussed.
Abdominal Wall ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Gangrene* ; Humans ; Investments ; Lower Extremity* ; Muscles

BACKGROUND: Patients with ischemic heart disease have many episodes of ischemic attack which is presented as ST-T change in electrocardiogram during ordinary daily life. The purpose of this study was to confirm the presence of a significant circardian variation in transient myocardial ischemia and the difference of the incidence of ischemia according to involved vessel. METHODS: Twenty two patients with angiographically significant coronary stenosis were evaluated. The ambulatory electrocardiography(Holter monitoring) was performed in each patients. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-eight episodes of ischemic ST-T changes occured in 18(82%) of 22 patients and 65(51%) episodes of ischemic ST-T changes occured between 6 A.M. and 12 noon(p<0.005). The mean frequency per patient according to involved vessel was 9 in double vessel disease, 4.5 in diffuse sclerosis with old myocardial infarction, 2.9 in single left anterior descending, 2.3 in single right coronary and 1 in single left main coronary artery disease. The only one episode of T wave change was observed in patients with lesion of left circumflex artery. The mean frequency of ST changes per patient according to type of angina was 4.8 in postinfartion angina, 3.5 in unstable angina and 2.1 in stable angina and the mean frequency of T change was 4.7 in stable angina, 2 in unstable angina and 0.3 in postinfarction angina. CONCLUSIONS: The significant circardian variation of ischemic activity was found in patients with ischemic heart disease. The mean frequency of ST change was higher in double vessel disease and diffuse sclerosis with old myocardial infarction than in other coronary artery lesion. And the episode of ST change was more frequent in postinfarction angina and unstable angina pectoris and the episodes of T change in stable angina pectoris. Also this study suggest 24-hour Holter monitoring has a low detectability of ischemic episodes in patient with lesion of left circumflex artery.
Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Arteries ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Sclerosis

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is an extremely rare benign inflammatory disease of the gall bladder characterized by yellowish focal nodular appearance with tissue necrosis and lipid-containing histiocyte (xanthomacell). Recently, we experienced a case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. A 71-year old woman was admitted with the complaints of RUQ pain for 1 month. On abdominal ultrasound examination, there were diffuse gallbladder wall thickening, echogenic nodule with acoustic shadow, the calculous cholecystiti and the gall badder cancer were strongly suspected and the operation was performed. At operation the gall bladder was marked enlarged and wall thickening with two brownish, oval shaped, smooth surfaced stones. The specimen was revealed a xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis by the pathology.
Acoustics ; Aged ; Cholecystitis* ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Pathology ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

BACKGROUND: The reference values of laboratory should review regularly to maintain good quality of practice. This is the second report of studies on reference values of Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP). The first one was reported in 2002 in Journal of Laboratory Medicine and Quality Assurance in Korea. The aim of this study is to know the changes of reference values for the past five years. METHODS: The way to analyze the data this time was essentially the same as the previous one (Indirect Method). The data from January to December, 2007 were collected. They totalled 5,133,327 test results from approximately 140 thousands individuals who visited for health checkup. The data were statistically analyzed with Minitab version 15.1.20.0 for Gaussian distribution using Anderson-Darling test. The trimming process repeated for the outliers, the results lying outside of +/-3SD, and as much as four times in certain test items, though, none of the tests showed Gaussian distribution. Subsequently, the reference values of most tests were defined in the ranges from the point of lowest 2.5% to the point of highest 97.5% and others were those, below 95 percentiles according to CLSI C28-A3 guideline. RESULTS: The reference ranges of 56 test items were either set as before or adjusted with new values, and compared. CONCLUSIONS: Comparing to the previous reference values (2002), the tests for liver function showed the lower upper values and the tests for diabetes and lipids showed higher upper values. Others were changed minimally with no significance.
Deception ; Health Promotion ; Korea ; Liver ; Normal Distribution ; Reference Values

Direct arterial pressure(DAP) and heart rate were observed in normal patients during and after intravenous injection of d-Tc at varying rates of administration. The injection of d-Tc was preceeded by antihistmine(hydroxysine) in group ll. The results were as follows: 1) Alteration of pulse rate was minimal following varied administration of d-Tc in all groups. 2) DAP showed maximal change following a bolus injection of d-Tc, and a minimal change at the end of 180 seconds of d-Tc administration. 3) DAP showed minimal change following the premediction with antihistamine in comparison to a bolus administration. 4) Manifestation of flushing and tachycardia due to histmine release were not observed in group l and group ll.
Blood Pressure* ; Flushing ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Premedication* ; Tachycardia

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Studies of normal oropharyngeal swallow in children are essential for the analysis of pediatric dysphagia. The purpose of this study is to define the temporal characteristics of the oropharyngeal swallow in children and to compare these data with young adults. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: This investigation evaluated oropharyngeal swallow physiology during swallows of pudding in 16 children (age 3-13) who had no swallowing complaints including velopharyngeal deficits after surgical treatment of cleft palate and submucous cleft, and 16 normal young adults with no swallowing complaints. temporal analysis of swallow in the children was compared with that of similar temporal measures in the 16 young adults (age 21-29). RESULTS: Temporal measures of pharyngeal swallow events in the children revealed significantly shorter pharyngeal response time, shorter duration of tongue base contact to the posterior pharyngeal wall and longer duration of tongue base posterior movement toward the pharyngeal wall as compared with the normal young adult subjects. CONCLUSION: These differences in the temporal measures of the pharyngeal swallow between children and adults could be the results of differences in the pharyngeal anatomy and the pharyngeal contraction pattern between children and adults. further study of a larger population of normal children is needed.
Adult ; Child* ; Cleft Palate ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Oropharynx ; Physiology ; Reaction Time ; Swallows ; Tongue ; Young Adult