Morphologically, kyphosis is devided into two groups, pure kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis, according to whether or not scoiiosis is combined. Or kyphosis can be devided into round kyphosis or angular kyphosis. The examples of round kyphosis are Scheuermanns kyphosis or ankylosing spondylitis. Acute angular kyphosis are of congenital kyphosis or old healed tuberculosis. The purpose of surgical correction of fixed kyphosis is to correct deformity as well as to prevent or to recover from paraplegia. The operation also improve respiratory and digestive function by diminishing compression of abdomen. However, the correction of this deformity is more dangerous in eliciting paraplegia than any other spinal deformity. In considering surgical correction of kyphosis we have to decide which approach is the best for that particular patient at that particular time. Usually majority of patient need combined anterior and posterior approach. The extent of fusion depends upon the flexibility of the kyphosis. Anterior fusion should encompass at least the rigid and inflexible portion of the kyphosis as determined by the hyperextension x-ray of the spine. Posterior fusion should encompass the full extent of the kyphosis. The purpose of this study is to report our results for surgical correction and to find the operative procedure which shows the best result. We hereby report surgically corrected 14 cases of fixed kyphosis who were hospitalized here from April 1988 to February 1995.
Abdomen ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Kyphosis* ; Paraplegia ; Pliability ; Scheuermann Disease ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tuberculosis

During the period from 1964 to 1958, chemical analyses of urinary calculi were performed on 88 cases treated in the Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital. The chemical composition of the calculi analysed is recorded in the following table. COMPOSITION NUMBER OF CASES % OF TOTAL Calcium oxalate 27 30.7 Calcium phosphate 25 28.5 Oxalate & phosphate 17 19.3 Uric acid & phosphate 8 9.1 Uric acid & Oxalate 6 6.8 Uric acid 3 3.4 Carbonate 1 1.1 Carbonate & phosphate 1 1.1 Total 88 100
Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Calculi ; Carbon ; Seoul ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urology

Lerderkyn, a recently introduced sulfonamide, has been administrated to 11 cases in doses ranging from 1 to 3 gm daily. The compound is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and therapeutically effective plasma concentration is maintained rapidly and for many hours, following the oral administration. The diffusion of Ledrkyn into the tissue and the body fluid occurs readily and is slowly excreted through the kidney. Maintenance of effective concentration in urine for many hours results in successful treatment especially for genito-urinary tract infection. In this study, five acute gonococcal urethritis, one non-gonococcal urethritis, two acute cystitis, three chronic prostatitis have been treated with this drug in doses of 1 to 3 gm daily and very satisfactory results obtained in acute bacterial infection.
Administration, Oral ; Bacterial Infections ; Body Fluids ; Cystitis ; Diffusion ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Kidney ; Plasma ; Prostatitis ; Urethritis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Sterilization, Tubal*

We studied to establish criteria for the diameters of normal extraocular muscles, the width of the optic nerve, and the globe position by CT, and to investigate the effects of age and sex on these structures among Korean populations. Diameters of extraocular muscles, distance from the interzygomatic line to the posterior margin of the globe, width of the optic nervesheath complex, and length of the interzygomatic line were calculated for 428 normal orbit on axial and direct coronal CT images. Normal range for the diameters of extraocular muscles were medial rectus : 2.2~5.4 mm, lateral rectus: 2.1~4.9 mm, inferior rectus: 2.5~5.7 mm, and superior complex group : 2.6~6.4 mm. The mean optic nerve-sheath complex was 4.1 mm ranged from 2.9 mm to 5.3 mm, and the mean length of interzygomatic line was 103.8 mm. The normal position of the globe was 11.2 mm behind the interzygomatic line(range, 6.4~15.3 mm). The mean diameters of extraocular muscles, sum of all muscle, optic nerve-sheath complex, globe position, and the mean length of interzygomatic line were larger in males than females. However, there was no significant difference between male and female patients except interzygomatic line, and there was also no difference among the various age groups(P>0.05). Our results may help to assess enlargement of the extraocular muscles and the optic nerve as well as determining whether exophthalmos is present in a practical quantitative method.
Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Theophylline*

In order to diagnose dry eyes with the TMH, we studied the difference in the TMH between normal eyes and dry eyes. And we measured the time that the TMH after fluorescein instillation become the same with the TMH before fluorescein instillation. Measuring thar meniscus height(TMH) is easy after fluorescir instillation, but the TMH after fluorescein instillation is higher than the TMH before fluoresceirc instillation. Therefore, we measured the time that the TMH after fluorescein instillation became the same with the TMH before fluorescein instillation, and in order to diagnosis dry eyes with the TMH, we studied the difference in the TMH between normal eyes and dry eyes. The TMH was O.19 +/- O.05 mm in normal eyes and O.10 +/- O.04 mm in dry eyes, and there was a significant difference between the two groups. The time that the TMH after fluorescein instillation became the same with the TMH before fluorescein instillation was 2.19 +/- O.81 min. in the mormal eyes and 2.29 +/- O.73min. in the dry eyes. Within 4 min. after fluorescein instillation, the TMH became the same with the TMH before fluorescein instillation in all cases and the height persisted untill 7 min. after fluorescein instillation. Therefore, measuring the TMH will be easy if it is measured at 4-7 min. after fluorescein instillation.
Diagnosis ; Dry Eye Syndromes* ; Fluorescein