BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radioopaque lesions are commonly seen in patients who received thoracic radiotherapy for various kinds of thoracic neoplasm, But therir exact diagnos are sometimes uncertain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined simple chest radiograph and computed tomogram(CT) of 69 patients who received thoracic radiotherapy for lung cancer and were follow up at least 6 months in Yeungnam University Medical Center. RESULTS: Of the 69 patients. thirty-eight patients showed radioopaque lesions in their chest radiographs except radiation fibrosis; radiation pneumonitis was witnessed in 24 patients. infectious pneumonia in 8 patients, and recurrence in 6 patients. In radiateionpneumonitis patients, the pneumonitis occurred usually between 50 to 130 days after receiving radiation therapy, and interval between pneumonitis and fibrosis is 21 to 104 days. Simple chest radiographs of radiation pneumonitis(24 patients) represented ground glass opacities or consolidation in 4 cases(type I, 17%), reticular of reticulonodular opacities in 10 cases(type II, 42%), irregular patichy consolidations in 2 cases( type III, 8%), and consolidation with fibrosis in 8 cases(type IV, 33%), CT represent ground glass opacities or consolidation in 5 cases(type I, 29%), irregular nodular opacities in 3 cases(type II, 19%), irregular opacity beyond radiation fields in 3 cases(type III, 18%), and consolidation with fibrosis in 6 cased(typeIV, 35%). The CT of four patients who represented type II on simple chest radiographs reveal type I and III, and CT of two patients with clinical symptoms who had no abnormal finding on simple radiograph revealed type I. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, computed tomogram is superior to the simple radiograph when trying to understand the pathologic process of radiation pneumonitis and provide confidence in the diagnosis of radiation induced lung disease.
Academic Medical Centers ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Humans ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Pneumonia ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Thoracic Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Chylous Ascites*

To evaluate the changes of the central corneal endothelial cell density and morphology after phacoemulsification and foldable silicone intraocular lens(IOL) implantation through a 3.2mm temporal clear corneal incision under topical anesthesia. On 43 patients(43 eyes) who had no systemic and ocular disease to influence the status of corneal endothelium , central corneal thickness, central corneal endothelial celldensity, pleomorphism index and polymegathism index, there was significant increase at 1 day postoperatively and recovery to preoperative state at 2 months poeroperatively. Central corneal endothelial cell losses were 8.92% at 1 day postoperatively and 15.95% at 2 months poeroperatively(p=0.00) and statistically significant increase of polymegathism index was noted at 1 day and 2 months poeroperatively. However no significant difference in central corneal endothelial cell loss and polymegathism index was noted at 6 months postoperatively. From the above results, we concluded that the phacoemulsification through a temporal clear corneal incision under topical anesthesia decreases the central corneal endothelial cell density and increase polymegathism index of the corneal endothelial cells, but these changes become stabilized after postoperative 2 months. Also proper control group must be set up to detect causes of corneal endothelial cell loss and it is neede to estalblish a new criteria for safe corneal endothelial cell density.
Anesthesia* ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss ; Endothelial Cells* ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Phacoemulsification* ; Silicones

No abstract available.
Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Tympanoplasty*

PURPOSE: It is known that fusion is promoted in the presence of a peripheral fusion clue in patients with intermittent exotropia, X(T). Therefore, this study compared the results of the Worth 4-dot test (W4D) with the room lights on and off in order to determine the status of the binocular function. METHODS: The W4D test was performed with lights on and off, and the polarized 4-dot test (P4D) was administered in 52 X(T) patients. RESULTS: Among these 3 tests, the fusion rate was the lowest with distance in the W4D with the lights off at 9.6%, which was followed by the W4D with the lights on at 26.9% and the P4D at 57.7%. The fusion rate of the W4D with the lights on in the patients with a distance stereoacuity better than 120 seconds of arc (") was 50%, which was significantly higher than the 18.4% observed in the patients with a stereoacuity at 120" or worse (P=0.023). Among the 14 patients who showed fusion with the distance W4D with the lights on, 10 could not fused with the W4D with the lights off. Therefore, a weak motor fusion was observed in 71.4 % of these 14 patients. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to verify the more natural condition of the binocular sensory function of patients with X(T) using either the P4D or the W4D with the lights on rather than with the lights off. Furthermore, the W4D test with the lights on can be performed together with and be compared with that conducted with the lights off, for a better understand of the degree of motor fusion.
Exotropia ; Humans ; Sensation ; Telescopes

PURPOSE: Stereoacuity test is commonly used to determine the status of sensory function in patients with strabismus. We performed Titmus test and Mentor B-VAT II videoacuity tester in patients with basic or simulated divergence excess type intermittent exotropia {X(T)}, before and after surgery, to determine the effectiveness of near stereoacuity and the correlation between near stereoacuity and distance stereoacuity. METHODS: Near stereoacuity was measured using Titmus test and distance stereoacuity was measured using a Mentor B-VAT II videoacuity tester, before and after surgery, in 41 patients with X(T). RESULTS: The stereoacuity according to Titmus test was improved from a preoperative average of 70 seconds of arc to postoperative average of 60 seconds; however, this improvement was not statistically significant (P=0.38). Distance stereoacuity was significantly improved from a preoperative average of 221 seconds to a postoperative average of 60 seconds (P=0.001). No significant correlation was present between preoperative near stereoacuity and distance stereoacuity (P=0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Titmus test was not effective in determining the status of sensory function before and after surgery in patients with basic or simulated divergence excess type X(T). We believe that distance stereoacuity is effective in determining the status of sensory function.
Exotropia ; Humans ; Mentors ; Sensation ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the binocular function in patients with basic and simulated divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia [X(T)]. METHODS: Seventy-seven patients, 46 basic type and 31 simulated divergence excess type, were studied by Worth 4-dot test (W4D), Polarized 4-dot test (P4D), Titmus test, and distance stereoacuity test using Mentor B-VAT(R)II videoacuity tester. RESULTS: Near W4D, distant W4D and distant P4D were fused in 71.7%, 8.6% and 52.2% in basic type and in 100%, 25.8% and 87.1% in simulated divergence excess type, respectively. The fusion rate in simulated divergence excess type was significantly higher, than in basic type (P=0.001, 0.04, 0.001). However, the difference in near P4D between the two types was not significant (P=0.24). In distance stereoacuity test, basic type showed 272 seconds and simulated divergence excess type showed 177 seconds, showing a significant difference (P=0.02). There was no significant difference in near stereoacuity between the two types (P=0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated a difference in binocular function in patients with basic and simulated divergence excess types of X(T). A better binocular function was observed in the latter group.
Exotropia* ; Humans ; Mentors ; Telescopes*

Mucocele of the appendix is uncomrnon and rarely diagnosed preoperatively. The malignant rountpart-i.e. mucinous cystadenocarcinoma--has the same grross appearance and many micro scopic features in cornmon wilhe the benign form. It rnay be associated with ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of strikingly similar microscopic appearence. A serious complication is a rupture of the mucoeele resulting in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Each case of benign and malignant mucocelr of the appendix falsely diagnosecl as an oovarian tumor before laparotxumy are presented wilh a brief rieview of the literatures.
Appendix* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Mucins ; Mucocele* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; Rupture

PURPOSE: Transglutaminase 4 (TGase 4) belongs to a family of enzymes that catalyzes the post-translational modification of proteins. In an attempt to establish its physiological function(s), the distribution of TGase 4 expression in the human eye was determined. METHODS: Ocular tissues obtained from five human whole eyeball postmortem (40(+1) weeks at gestation age, 2 months, 48, 66, 76 years) were stained with monoclonal antibodies against human TGase 4 using indirect immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: TGase 4 was found in the lacrimal glands, corneal epithelium and endothelium, conjunctival epithelium, lens epithelium, retina (inner segment of photoreceptor, external limiting membrane, outer plexiform layer, inner plexiform layer, retinal nerve fiber layer and internal limiting membrane), iris, ciliary muscle, ciliary nonpigmented epithelium and trabecular meshwork. Endothelium of blood vessels in all ocular tissues was also stained. Conjunctival stroma, choroid, anterior tenon's capsule were faintly stained. No evidence of immunostaining for TGase 4 was found in the corneal stroma, iris stroma, lens nucleus, ciliary process, sclera, extraocular muscle and optic nerve. CONCLUSIONS: The expression pattern of TGase 4 was different from those of other TGase isoforms in the human eye. This result may be helpful in further investigation of the role of TGase 4 in the ocular tissue.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Blood Vessels ; Choroid ; Corneal Stroma ; Endothelium ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Humans* ; Iris ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Membranes ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Nerve ; Pregnancy ; Protein Isoforms ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Sclera ; Tenon Capsule ; Trabecular Meshwork

The authors experienoed a case of morning glory syndrome which is an unusual congenital anomaly of optic nerve. The "morning glory" disc of our case was unilaterally enlarged optic disc with a funnel-shaped excavation and an elevated peripapillary tissue annulus. The retinal vessels were straiht andd narrow, and their origins may be obscured by a central mass of whitish tissue overlying the optic disc. Also slit-lamp examination revealed a posterior capsular lens opacity consistent with a Mittendorf's dot. So, we report this case with the review of the literatures.
Cataract ; Optic Nerve ; Retinal Vessels