No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Papillary*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Polymerase Chain Reaction*

Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and its well documented con- sequences are peptic ulcer disease and gastric neoplasia. As duodenal ulcer is often associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease and antral gastritis is a frequent finding in patients with reflux disease, H. pylori infection may be a common cause of both conditions. Recent studies reveal that H. pylori has no role in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis. Furthermore, there are some arguments on whether H. pylori infection may have a protective role in reflux esophagitis. We have experienced two cases of reflux esophagitis after cure of H. pylori infection. H. pylori eradication therapy was performed in two patients who have gastric and/or duodenal ulcer with omeprazole and two anti-biotics (clarithromycin and amoxicillin). After cure of H. pylori infection, reflux esophagitis was demonstrated in these patients by endoscopy.
Duodenal Ulcer ; Endoscopy ; Esophagitis, Peptic* ; Gastritis ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Omeprazole ; Peptic Ulcer ; Stomach Ulcer

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the cellular immune response to interferon(IFN)-alpha and ribavirin combination therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C, we monitored serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor(sIL2R) before and after the therapy. METHODS: Serum sIL2R levels before and after the combination therapy were measured in 19 patients with chronic hepatitis C. IFN(3 MU/day, 3 times/week) and ribavirin 1000 mg/day were administered for 24 weeks to all patients. RESULTS: After the therapy, sIL2R levels were increased (before, 3.13 0.67 ng/m L, and after 4.08 2.13 ng/mL, p=0.059) but statistically insignificant(p>0.05). The patients were divided into two groups : the responder group who were negative for serum hepatitis C virus(HCV)-RNA after the therapy, and the non-responder group who were still positive for HCV-RNA after the therapy. Between these two groups, sIL2R levels before and after the therapy were not significantly different. The ratio of sIL2R levels before and after the therapy was calculated, although the ratio was higher in responder group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups(sIL2R after the therapy)/(sIL2R before the therapy) : 1.43 0.70 in the responder group and 1.04 0.28 in the nonresponder group, p=0.096). CONCLUSION: Although these results failed to demonstrate that sIL2R level was increased during the combination therapy in patients with hepatitis C, this study suggested that cytokines which mediate immune response may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic heaptitis C virus infection.
Cytokines ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis C, Chronic* ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Interferon-alpha ; Interferons* ; Interleukin-2* ; Receptors, Interleukin-2* ; Ribavirin*

Cornual pregnancy, which is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, is an implantation of embryo in the intramural portion of a fallopian tubes. The incidence of cornual pregnancy is reported to be between 2-4% of all tubal pregnancy, about 1% of ectopic pregnancy, and occurs once for every 2,500 to 5,000 live births. Because the greater distensibility and vascularlity of this site lead to rupture at a latter gestational age and rapid intraperitoneal hemorrhage, cornual pregnancy causes serious maternal mortality and morbidity. Intraligamentary pregnancy, also a form of ectopic pregnancy, is one of the most unusual accident so that the diagnosis of intraligamentary pregnancy is hardly ever made prior to laparotomy. The incidence of intraligamentary pregnancy is reported to be about once for every 245 all ectopic pregnancy, and about once for every 49,000 to 184,000 all pregnancy. We have experienced an extremely rare case of right cornual pregnancy complicated with right intraligamentary pregnancy which was proven by histopathologic diagnoses in a 34-year-old woman and report it with review of literatures.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Embryonic Structures ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Live Birth ; Maternal Mortality ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Humans

Heterotopic pregnancy, simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine gestations, is a relatively rare condition with an estimated incidence of 1 in 30,000 pregnancies. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancies have increased in recent years because of rising incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic surgery, expanding use of assisted reproductive technology. Common sites of extrauterine gestation are salpinx, cornus and cervix of uterus, ovary, and abdomen in order of incidence. Early detection of heterotopic pregnancy is very difficult and is often more difficult in the case of abdominal pregnancy. However, to avoid high maternal morbidity, mortality, and loss of pregnancy, one should always take this into consideration and should conduct careful and thorough gynecologic evaluations. We have experienced a case of abdominal pregnancy following termination of intrauterine pregnancy in a 23-year-old unmarried woman and report it with brief review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Cervix Uteri ; Cornus ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Ovary ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Single Person ; Uterus ; Young Adult

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious and demanding medical emergency for the field of endocrinology, and the identification and correction of the precipitating factors is equally important. Many patients of diabetic ketoacidosis show gastrointestinal symptoms as an initial presentation, and coincidental gastrointestinal diseases can be neglected or misdiagnosed. Emphysematous gastritis is a rare and lethal disease in which gas bubbles form in the stomach wall. The predisposing factors include ingestion of corrosive substances, alcohol abuse, diabetes, and immunosuppressive therapy. Thus, it may be difficult to detect emphysematous gastritis early, especially when it is developed in conjunction with diabetic ketoacidosis. We report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis associated with emphysematous gastritis in a young male without medical history.
Alcoholism ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis ; Eating ; Emergencies ; Endocrinology ; Gastritis ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Male ; Precipitating Factors ; Stomach