1.Cutaneous vasculitis and renal involvement in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
Hajeong LEE ; Kyung Chul MOON ; Suhnggwon KIM
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2015;30(3):402-405
No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury/microbiology
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Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
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Biopsy
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Humans
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Kidney/*microbiology
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae/drug effects/*isolation & purification
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Nephritis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology
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Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology
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Skin Diseases, Bacterial/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology
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Steroids/therapeutic use
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Treatment Outcome
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Vasculitis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*microbiology
2.Establishing Reference Values for a New Computerized Cognitive Function Test Program for Children
Hyunji LEE ; Hajeong KIM ; Suan LEE ; Goo Joo LEE
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 2024;48(2):135-145
Objective:
To establish reference values for the computerized cognitive test and evaluate cognitive function improvements across different age groups, we introduce the computerized Cognitive Function Test program (eCFT), specifically designed for children. We aimed to establish eCFT reference values and assess cognitive function improvements across different age groups.
Methods:
We included children aged 3–6 years with confirmed normal cognition based on the Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-II. The eCFT consists of 8 subtests for visual perception, attention, memory, and executive function.
Results:
A total of 66 participants (36 males and 30 females) with an average age of 4.4 years participated. The age 6 group consistently outperformed both age group 3 and 4 in terms of correct responses. With regard to the completed stage, the “selective auditory stimulus” test findings were 2.0 and 3.9 for the age 3 and age 6 groups, respectively (p<0.05). The “trail-making” test findings were 1.7, 2.1, 2.6, and 2.8, respectively (between ages 3 and 6, p<0.01; between ages 4 and 6, p<0.05); moreover, the age 5 group surpassed the age 3 group (2.6 and 1.7, respectively, p<0.05).
Conclusion
The eCFT is an easily accessible tool to evaluate cognitive function in young children. We introduce reference values with a cutoff range for preschool-aged children, enabling early intervention for those with cognitive impairment. Given its accessibility and relatively short evaluation time, the eCFT has potential for clinical use.
3.A Higher Salt Intake Leads to a Lower Rate of Adequate Blood Pressure Control.
Jeonghwan LEE ; Hajeong LEE ; Kiwon KIM ; Jung Hwan PARK ; Suhnggwon KIM ; Jieun OH
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2014;29(Suppl 2):S103-S108
The relationship between salt intake and adequate blood pressure control is not well investigated in Korea populations, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. This cross-sectional study enrolled 19,083 subjects who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2009-2011. The amount of salt intake was estimated using the Tanaka equations based on spot urine samples. Comparing patients with and without cardiovascular disease, systolic blood pressure (129.1+/-18.1 mmHg vs. 120.0+/-18.1 mmHg, P<0.001) and the amount of urinary sodium excretion (149.4+/-37.5 mM/day vs. 144.1+/-36.2 mM/day, P<0.001) were higher in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Among patients with cardiovascular disease, the high blood pressure group showed an increased amount of urinary sodium excretion compared to the normal blood pressure group (155.5+/-38.2 vs. 146.6+/-36.9 mM/day, P<0.001). The odds ratio (OR) of high blood pressure was higher (OR, 1.825; 95% CI, 1.187-2.807; P-for-trend 0.003, highest quartile of urinary sodium excretion vs. lowest quartile) in patients with cardiovascular disease. A higher amount of urinary sodium excretion was associated with a lower rate of adequate blood pressure control in Korean population, especially with cardiovascular disease.
Adult
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Aged
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Algorithms
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Blood Pressure/*physiology
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Cardiovascular Diseases/complications/*pathology
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Demography
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Female
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Humans
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Hypertension/complications
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Nutrition Surveys
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Odds Ratio
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Sodium, Dietary/*urine
4.Not Salt Taste Perception but Self-Reported Salt Eating Habit Predicts Actual Salt Intake.
Hajeong LEE ; Hyun Jeong CHO ; Eunjin BAE ; Yong Chul KIM ; Suhnggwon KIM ; Ho Jun CHIN
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2014;29(Suppl 2):S91-S96
Excessive dietary salt intake is related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although dietary salt restriction is essential, it is difficult to achieve because of salt palatability. However, the association between salt perception or salt eating habit and actual salt intake remains uncertain. In this study, we recruited 74 healthy young individuals. We investigated their salt-eating habits by questionnaire and salt taste threshold through a rating scale that used serial dilution of a sodium chloride solution. Predicted 24-hr urinary salt excretions using Kawasaki's and Tanaka's equations estimated dietary salt intake. Participants' mean age was 35 yr, and 59.5% were male. Salt sense threshold did not show any relationship with actual salt intake and a salt-eating habit. However, those eating "salty" foods showed higher blood pressure (P for trend=0.048) and higher body mass index (BMI; P for trend=0.043). Moreover, a salty eating habit was a significant predictor for actual salt intake (regression coefficient [beta] for Kawasaki's equation 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10-2.69, P=0.048; beta for Tanaka's equation 0.66, 95% CI 0.01-1.31, P=0.047). In conclusion, a self-reported salt-eating habit, not salt taste threshold predicts actual salt intake.
Adult
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Algorithms
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Blood Pressure
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Body Mass Index
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Demography
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Female
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Habits
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Humans
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Linear Models
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Male
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Questionnaires
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Self Report
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Sodium Chloride, Dietary/*urine
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Taste Perception
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Taste Threshold
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Urine Specimen Collection
5.Correlation between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease in Korean adults.
Seung Seok HAN ; Nara SHIN ; Su Mi LEE ; Hajeong LEE ; Dong Ki KIM ; Yon Su KIM
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2013;32(4):164-170
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important health issues; however,the association between periodontitis and CKD markers, especially in Korean adults,remains elusive. METHODS: Data on 15,729 Korean adults were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys IV and V. The CKD markers included a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR;<60 mL/min/1.73m2), proteinuria, and hematuria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were measured using stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses for CKD markers based on the presence of periodontitis. RESULTS: Patients with periodontitis had greater unadjusted ORs for CKD markers compared to those without periodontitis, as follows: decreased eGFR,4.07(3.11-5.33); proteinuria, 2.12(1.48-3.05); and hematuria, 1.25 (1.13-1.39, all P<0.001). Periodontitis was a significant predictor of decreased eGFR independent of allcovariates [1.39 (1.03-1.89), P=0.034]. However, the effect of periodontitis on decreased eGFR seemed to be affected by hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis was not an independent predictor of proteinuria; the significance disappeared after adjusting for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis was significantly correlated with hematuria, leading to similar ORs regardless of the adjustment for covariates[1.29 (1.15-1.46), P<0.001]. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the correlation between periodontitis and CKD markers, including decreased eGFR, proteinuria, and hematuria in Korean adults.
Adult*
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Diabetes Mellitus
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Glomerular Filtration Rate
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Hematuria
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Humans
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Hypertension
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Logistic Models
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Odds Ratio
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Periodontal Diseases
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Periodontitis*
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Proteinuria
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*
6.Physician perceptions of blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease and target blood pressure achievement rate.
Ran hui CHA ; Hajeong LEE ; Jung Pyo LEE ; Young Rim SONG ; Sung Gyun KIM ; Yon Su KIM
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2017;36(4):349-357
BACKGROUND: Blood pressure (BP) control is the most-established method for the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, the ideal BP target for CKD patients is still under debate. METHODS: We performed a survey of regular registered members of the Korean Society of Nephrology to determine physician perceptions of BP control in patients with CKD. In addition, we evaluated the target BP achievement rate using data from the APrODiTe-2 study. RESULTS: Two-thirds of physicians considered the target BP for CKD to be < 130/85 mmHg. The systolic BP (SBP) thresholds for diabetic CKD, proteinuria ≥ 300 mg/day, 30 ≤ glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, age < 60 years, and the presence of atherosclerotic (ASO) complications were significantly lower than the SBP thresholds of the opposite parameters. The three major hurdles to controlling BP were non-compliance with lifestyle modification and medications, and self-report of well-controlled home BP. Most physicians prescribed home and ambulatory BP monitoring to less than 50% of their patients. The target BP achievement rates using the SBP thresholds in this survey were as follows: non-diabetic (69.3%); diabetic (29.5%); proteinuria < 300 mg/day (72.3%); proteinuria > 300 mg/day (33.7%); GFR ≥ 60 (76.4%); GFR < 30 (47.8%); no evidence of ASO (67.8%); and the presence of ASO (42.9%). CONCLUSION: The target BP was lower in patients with higher cerebro-cardiovascular risks. These patient groups also showed lower target BP achievement rates. We also found a relatively lower application and clinical reflection rate of home or ambulatory BP monitoring.
Blood Pressure*
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Glomerular Filtration Rate
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Humans
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Life Style
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Methods
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Nephrology
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Proteinuria
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*
7.Risk of Graft Failure in Kidney Recipients with Cured Post-Transplant Cancer
Ji Eun KIM ; Sang-il MIN ; Hajeong LEE ; Jongwon HA ; Yon Su KIM ; Seung Seok HAN
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2020;35(20):e166-
Background:
Post-transplant cancer (PTC) is a critical complication after kidney transplantation. However, whether successfully cured PTC affects the long-term graft outcome remains unclear.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 1,629 kidney transplant recipients from 1995 to 2017 after excluding patients with post-transplant hematologic or advanced non-curable cancers and who underwent allograft nephrectomy because of cancer. Cured PTCs were defined as cancers treated with curative methods and/or adjuvant therapy without recurrence during ≥ 2 years. Propensity score matching was performed to match cured PTC patients with cancer-naïve patients (i.e., non-PTC group).
Results:
During the median period of 7 years (maximum, 23 years), 70 patients (4.3%) had cured PTCs. The PTC group showed significantly higher risks of death-censored graft failure (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.56 [1.05–6.23]), class II donor-specific antibodies (adjusted HRs, 3.37 [1.30–8.71]), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (adjusted HR, 2.68 [1.43–5.02]) and random urine protein/creatinine ratio > 1 g (adjusted HR, 3.61 [1.92–6.79]) compared to non-PTC group. However, the risk of mortality was not different between the PTC and non-PTC groups. According to the cancer type, only urogenital cancer had a significant association with graft failure (adjusted HR, 4.26 [1.19–15.22]) and the gastrointestinal cancer showed elevated risk of T cell mediated rejection compared to non-PTC (adjusted HR, 20.44 [6.02–69.39]).
Conclusion
Appropriate monitoring of graft function is necessary in patients with cured PTCs.
8.Laparoscopic biopsy-proven lupus nephritis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Ji In PARK ; Hajeong LEE ; Jung Nam AN ; Ho Jun CHIN ; Suhnggwon KIM
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2012;31(3):192-195
A 48-year-old woman with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) presented with generalized edema and arthralgia. She showed evidences of acute glomerulonephritis including nephrotic-ranged proteinuria. Because her serologic test results were consistent with those for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we performed laparoscopic renal biopsy that confirmed World Health Organization (WHO) class IV lupus nephritis. She was treated with steroids and intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy and eventually started hemodialysis 8 years after the lupus nephritis was diagnosed. To our knowledge, this is the first case wherein a patient with ADPKD underwent a laparoscopic biopsy for diagnosing lupus nephritis.
Arthralgia
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Biopsy
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Cyclophosphamide
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Edema
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Female
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Glomerulonephritis
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Humans
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Laparoscopy
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Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
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Lupus Nephritis
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Middle Aged
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Polycystic Kidney Diseases
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Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
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Proteinuria
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Renal Dialysis
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Serologic Tests
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Steroids
;
World Health Organization
9.Impact of chronic kidney disease on mortality: A nationwide cohort study
Kyeong Min KIM ; Hyung Jung OH ; Hyung Yun CHOI ; Hajeong LEE ; Dong Ryeol RYU
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2019;38(3):382-390
BACKGROUND: Mortality is higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than in the general population, but little information is available on CKD-related mortality that is representative of the Korean population. Our objective was to investigate mortality risk in Korean patients with CKD. METHODS: We identified patients with incident CKD who had not undergone dialysis or kidney transplantation between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2007 in Korea using the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, and stratified the population into the following three groups: group 1 (n = 1,473), controls; group 2 (n = 2,212), patients with diabetes or hypertension, but without CKD; and group 3 (n = 2,212), patients with CKD. We then monitored them for all-cause mortality until December 2013. RESULTS: A total of 1,473 patients were included in this analysis. During the follow-up period, 941 patients in group 3 died (134 deaths/1,000 person-years) compared with 550 deaths in the group 2 (34 deaths/1,000 person-years) and 459 deaths in group 1 (30 deaths/1,000 person-years). The rate ratio for mortality rate was 4.5, and the hazard ratio for mortality was 4.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.36–5.47, P < 0.001) in patients in group 3 compared with age- and sex-matched controls (group 1). The rate ratio for mortality rate was 4.0, and the hazard ratio for mortality was 4.36 (95% CI, 3.92–4.85, P < 0.001) in patients in group 3 compared with patients in group 2. CONCLUSION: In this nationally representative sample cohort, excess mortality was observed in Korean patients with incident CKD.
Cohort Studies
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Diabetes Mellitus
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Dialysis
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Follow-Up Studies
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Humans
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Hypertension
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Kidney Transplantation
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Korea
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Mortality
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National Health Programs
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Renal Insufficiency
;
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
10.Characteristics of kidney transplantation recipients over time in South Korea
Sehoon PARK ; Myoungsuk KIM ; Ji Eun KIM ; Kwangsoo KIM ; Minsu PARK ; Yong Chul KIM ; Kwon Wook JOO ; Yon Su KIM ; Hajeong LEE
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2020;35(6):1457-1467
Background/Aims:
Detailed nationwide information regarding the recent status and time trends of kidney transplantation (KT) in South Korea is limited.
Methods:
We performed a nationwide, population-based cohort study using the national claims database of Korea. We included KT recipients from 2008 to 2016, and their demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. The prognostic outcome was graft failure consisted of patient death and death-censored graft failure (DCGF).
Results:
We studied 14,601 KT recipients with median follow-up duration of 3.96 years. The median age at the time of transplantation consistently increased from the past, and proportion of underlying diabetes mellitus prominently increased, reaching 35.6% in 2016. The preemptive KT accounted for approximately 30% of the total transplantation cases. The recipients showed a 10-year cumulative graft survival rate of 71.8%, consisting of 10-year DCGF free survival of 77.6% and patient survival of 92.8%. Age ≥ 20 and < 30 years, age ≥ 70 years, underlying history of diabetes, non-preemptive transplantation, and poor compliance on tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid were the significant risk factors associated with worse DCGF outcome. The economic cost of KT showed prominently increasing trends, reaching a total insured fee of > 60,000,000$ in 2016. However, the expansion was mainly burdened by the national insurance service but not by the patients.
Conclusions
In South Korea, the number of kidney transplantation in elderly or in patients with comorbidities has been increasing. Complex clinical factors were associated with medication compliance and patient prognosis.