Objective: To investigate the effects of hypoxia on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and the role of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in this process. Methods : Human PDLCs were isolated and identified by checking the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin. PDLCs were cultured in normoxia (20% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2) for 12-72 h. Changes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expressions of osteogenic markers ALP, collagen-I (COL1) and runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were detected. Western blot was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α. After transfected with HIF1α-siRNA, the expressions of HIF-1αand osteogenic differentiation markers were furthered detected. The statistics were analyzed with SPSS13.0. Results: Positive vimentin but negative cytokeratin were observed in primary cultured PDLCs. ALP activity and mRNA expressions of ALP, COL1 and RUNX2 were decreased in PDLCs in hypoxia for 48 h, while HIF-1α expression was increased. After knocking down of HIF-1α with siRNA, HIF-1α was significantly reduced in PDLCs under hypoxia, while ALP activity and mRNA expressions of osteogenic markers were significantly increased. Conclusion Hypoxia may inhibit osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs via upregulated HIF-1α.

Objective To develop a multiplex touchdown PCR for simultaneous detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs )-producing Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA ). Methods Blood culture positive specimens from 102 hospitalized patients were collected between March 2013 and September 2014,four pairs of specific primers were designed based on SHV,TEM,and OXA genes of ESBLs-pro-ducing Enterobacteriaceae and MecA gene of MRSA,drug-resistant genes were amplified with single touchdown PCR and multiplex touchdown PCR, the results were compared with Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results Each single PCR amplified a specific band,four drug-resistant genes were also detected by multiplex touchdown PCR;the lower detection limits of multiplex touchdown PCR for DNA of MecA,SHV,TEM,and OXA were 4.37 ng,2.19 ng,4.53 ng,and 3.59 ng,respectively.Compared with Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, the overall sensitivity and specificity of multiplex touchdown PCR were 100.00% and 88.24% respectively,for ES-BLs were 100.00% and 87.23% respectively,for MRSA were both 100.00%.Conclusion A higher sensitivity and specificity multiple touchdown PCR assay has been developed,and it can be used in the rapid diagnosis and epidemi-ology investigation of bloodstream infection caused by ESBLs-producing Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA,and is help-ful for guiding antimicrobial use in clinic.

Objective: To investigate the role of lncRNAs in the invasion and metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cells. Methods: With SACC-LM as the experimental group and SACC83 as the control group, lncRNA chips were used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were further verified by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The invasion and migration abilities of the adenoid cystic carcinoma cell lines before and after transfection with lncRNA siRNAs were detected by invasion and migration experiments. The clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with different expression of lncRNAs and SACC were analyzed. Results: The microarray showed that ADAMTS9-AS2 was highly expressed in the SACC-LM cells. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR further confirmed that ADAMTS9-AS2 was significantly upregulated in the SACC-LM cells. Invasion and migration experiments showed that the invasion and migration were significantly reduced after the expression level of ADAMTS9-AS2 was downregulated (P ＜ 0.001). Analysis of the clinicopathological data showed that ADAMTS9-AS2 was highly expressed in SACC. High expression of ADAMTS9-AS2 was associated with poor prognosis and a high tumor metastasis rate in SACC patients. Conclusion High expression of ADAMTS9-AS2 promotes the migration and invasion of SACC cells. ADAMTS9-AS2 is upregulated in the SACC tissues and is related to a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis.

Measurement of corpse temperature is mainly used for estimation of early postmortem interval, and rectal temperature is often used as a representative of body's core temperature in actual work because it is simple, quick and non-invasive. At present, the rectal temperature postmortem interval estimation method internationally accepted and widely used is HENSSGE's nomogram method, while many domestic scholars also deduced their own regression equations through a large number of case data. Estimation of postmortem interval based on rectal temperature still needs further study. The nomogram method needs to be optimized and extended, and quantification of its influencing factors needs to be dealt with more scientifically. There is still a lack of consensus on the probability and duration of the temperature plateau. There is no clear understanding of the probability and extent of the change in initial temperature caused by various causes. New methods and ideas enrich methodological research, but it still lacks systemicity and practicality. This article reviews the researches on estimation of postmortem interval based on rectal temperature in order to summarize the current situation of previous researches and seek new breakthrough points. Because the decline of body temperature can be easily influenced by many factors in vitro and vivo, and the influencing factors in different regions vary greatly, regionalization research and application may be a practical exploration to improve the accuracy of postmortem interval determination.
Autopsy ; Body Temperature ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Postmortem Changes ; Probability ; Temperature ; Time Factors

Pelvic abscess is one of the most common gynecologic acute abdomen.It is often developed by pelvic inflammatory disease,and the incidence of the pelvic abscess is rising year by year and younger.It often leads to a variety of diseases,such as infertility,which threaten female reproductive health.Its clinical symptoms vary and progress rapidly,which can easily lead to misdiagnosis or untimely rupture of abscess,and seriously endanger life.For pelvic abscess,correct diagnosis and timely treatment are the fundamental starting point.This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic abscess.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies which seriously threatens the health of women. How to further expand the scope of screening and improve the sensitivity and specificity of screening and optimize screening programs are the key points of cancer prevention and treatment. At present,the screening methods that are commonly used at home and abroad include cervical smear cytology, human papillomavirus ( HPV) detection,molecular biology detection and genetic genetic testing. Cervical smear cytology has high specificity and low sensitivity,the sensitivity of HPV detection is high,but the specificity is low,and the molecular biological detection and genetic testing has high specificity and high sensitivity,but due to the lack of large quantities of clinical samples,and the higher detection cost,they are still in the test study stage.

Objective:To explore the correlation between TCM Syndromes of small pulmonary nodules (SPN) and the features of CT imaging and tumor markers in the chest.Methods:With retrospective study, the clinical data of 420 patients with small pulmonary nodules who were included from June 2016 to May 2018 from the East China Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and Shanghai TCM Integrated Hospital were analized. The correlation between TCM syndromes and clinical high-risk indicators was analyzed by frequency analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.Results:The TCM syndromes were mainly lung qi and spleen qi deficiency syndrome (28.8%), followed by qi and yin deficiency syndrome (27.6%), lung yin deficiency syndrome (22.9%), qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (12.4%) and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome (8.3%). Compared with the patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis, the patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency had carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) level decreased significantly ( P<0.01); compared with the patients with qi and yin deficiency, CYFRA21-1 level in the patients with lung yin deficiency increased significantly ( P<0.001) and CYFRA21-1 level decreased in the patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis ( P=0.014); compared with the patients with lung yin deficiency, the level of neuron-specific- enolase (NSE) in the patients with lung qi and spleen qi deficiency. The level of NSE decreased ( P=0.044), and the level of NSE increased significantly in patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency ( P=0.005); there was no significant difference in the level of SCC between different syndromes ( F=0.825, P=0.551). The syndrome of deficiency of lung yin was moderately correlated with chronic bronchitis, smooth margin and burr ( r=0.613, -0.628, 0.755). The syndrome of qi and yin deficiency was lowly correlation to the solidity ( r=-0.421). The syndrome of lung qi and spleen qi deficiency was moderately correlation with the solidity ( r=0.540), and were low correlation with the chronic bronchitis history, ground glass, round, quasi round, and smooth edge ( r value was 0.303, -0.495, 0.376, -0.337, 0.319 respectively); liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were correlated with smoking history, chronic bronchitis history, left lower lobe of lung, isolated focus, multiple focus, quasi circle, NSE ( r value was -0.099, -0.150, 0.120, 0.113, -0.113, -0.107, 0.133 respectively); qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was moderately correlated with lobular shape ( r=0.682), and slightly correlated with irregular edge ( r=0.470). Conclusions:There is a certain correlation between TCM syndrome differentiation and clinical indexes in patients with pulmonary nodules. The level of tumor markers was different in different syndrome types. Among them, the lung yin deficiency syndrome and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome are at high risk of developing malignant tumors, but the lung qi and spleen qi deficiency syndrome, qi and yin deficiency syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome are at low risk of developing malignant tumors.

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemic condition, distribution and biological characteristics of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from 2001 to 2009 in Haizhu District, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute diarrhea.

METHODSReferring to the detecting method written in "Cholera control handbook" in the fifth edition, 764 specimens from outside environment (including the water in the Pearl River, drinking water, water for breeding fish, aquatic products and delicatessen foods), 189 specimens of healthy population and 3398 intestinal samples of patients with diarrhea, summing up to 4351 specimens for non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae test.

RESULTS4,351 specimens were detected of 101 strains of non O1/non O139 Vibrio cholerae, the total detection rate was 2.32%; 66 strains were identified by serotyping and grouped into 26 different serotypes, the typing rate was 65.3%. The strains VBO9, VBO38 and VBO76 were the dominant bacteria.Nine strains of the same type of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae were found from external environments also from patients with diarrhea, suggesting that there might be a correlation between the two.

CONCLUSIONNon-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae have diversified serotypes, causing certain infection rate among the population in this region. These bacteria exist extensively in external environment and they are the potential hazard to the citizens.

China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Serotyping ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; isolation & purification

The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery has been widely used in various disci-plines. Because of the need of anaesthesia and metabolism after surgery and the particularity of gynecologi-cal pelvic surgery, most surgical operations require indwelling catheter. However, indwelling catheter has many complications, such as urinary tract infection, difficult intubation, leakage, bladder function damage and difficult extubation. This article mainly discussed the progress of rehabilitation surgery and the applica-tion of early removal of ureter, and discussed the complications of indwelling catheter, in order to shorten the time of indwelling catheter after surgery, so as to reduce the symptoms of urinary tract irritation, the rate of urinary tract infection, and the nervous and anxious mood of patients, as well as accelerate the recovery of patients after surgery.

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a DNA binding protein that can induce cytokines to be secreted and activate inflammatory cells to participate in inflammatory reactions. Recent studies on its role in the inflammatory response to endometriosis have gradually increased. Endometriosis is a benign inflammatory disease with increasing incidence year by year, mostly in women of childbearing age. This disease mainly causes the clinical manifestations of dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. Endometriosis usually plays a synergistic role in inflammatory immune, lesion tissue invasion, adhesion and other factors, resulting the changes in the pelvic microenvironment. The mechanism of endometriosis is not completely clear, but the role of inflammatory reaction and stimulation can not be ignored. HMGB1 can increase the release of inflammatory factors and cause the body to produce pain, and the expression of HMGB1 in the endometriosis patients is significantly increased. The inflammatory response and pain can be alleviated by reducing the concentration of HMGB1 in the body of endometriosis patients. Pain and other symptoms suggest that HMGB1 may become an important target for the treatment of endometriosis.