Objective To investigate the long-term effects of propofol postconditioning on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods One hundred and forty-four healthy male SD rats,aged 7-8 weeks,weighing 250-280 g,were equally and randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group (group S),I/R group,propofol postconditioning group (group P) and intralipid group (group I).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 300 mg/kg.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery for 60 min using a nylon thread with a rounded tip which was inserted into internal carotid artery in groups I/R,P and I.Two hour infusion of propofol was started at 20 mg· kg- 1· h- 1 immediately after the onset of reperfusion in group P,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in S and I/R groups,and 10％ intralipid was given instead in group I.Five rats in each group were chosen on day 1,14 and 28 after operation for assessment of neurological behavior and detection of cerebral infarct volume.Six rats in each group were chosen to perform Morris water maze test at day 9 and 23 after operation for 6 consecutive days.Five rats in each group were sacrificed on day 1,14 and 28 after operation and the hippocampal tissues were isolated for determination of the expression of GluR1-containing AMPA (GluR1-AMPA) receptor and GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane.The ratio of GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane/GluR1-AMPA receptor was calculated.Results Compared with group S,neurological behavior scores and the number of animals' swimming across the platform were significantly decreased,cerebral infarct volume was significantly enlarged,escape latency was significantly prolonged,and ratio of GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane/GluR1-AMPA receptor was significantly increased ( P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change in the expression of GluR1-AMPA receptor was found in I/R group ( P ＞0.05).Propofol postconditioning inhibited cerebral I/R-induced changes mentioned above ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The brain protection against focal I/R injury by propofol postconditioning can last for 28 days after operation and the inhibition of trafficking of GluR1-AMPA receptor from cytoplasm to cell membrane may contribute to this long-term brain protection.

Objective To explore the value of improved elasticity scores in differentiating malignant and benign breast lesions. Methods A prospective study was done in 394 patients with 508 breast lesions confirmed by pathology and the elastographic images of the lesions were evaluated by using old and improved elasticity scores respectively. Results The elastographic images of the lesions could be evaluated and classified in all patients by improved elasticity scores but could not be evaluated and classified in 82 lesions by old elasticity scores. The accuracy of ultrasonic elastography for diagnosing benign and malignant breast lesions was 88.8% and 78.1%, respectively by old elasticity scores and improved elasticity scores. Conclusions The elastographic images of breast lesions were accurately evaluated by using improved elasticity scores, and the use of improved elasticity scores is helpful to reduce the biopsy which is not necessary.

Objective To investigate the effects of electro-acupuncture on muscular tension and motor function in the flaccid,paralytic limbs of stroke survivors.Methods Seventy-two stroke survivors with flaccid,paralytic limbs were divided randomly into a control group and an electro-acupuncture group.Both grourps received routine therapy and rehabilitation training,but the electro-acupuncture group was also treated with electro-acupuncture.Muscular tension and motor function in the flaccid,paralytic limbs in both groups were evaluated by modified Ashworth scale (MAS)and Fugl-Meyer scores before treatment and at the end of 4 weeks.Results After treatment,in 24 patients of the electro-acupuncture group and 10 patients of the control group muscular tension had increased 1-2 grades.The effectiveness rate(68.57%)in the electro-acupuncture group wag higher significantly than that(27.03%)in the control group(P＜0.01).Fugl-Meyer scores in the electro-acupuncture group were significantlv higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Electro-acupuncture supplementing traditional rehabilitation improves muscle tension in flaccid,paralytic limbs and promotes the recovery of motor flunction after stroke.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of strain ratio for differentiation breast benign and malignant solid lesions. Methods Two hundred and sixty-nine patients with 377 lesions (278 benign, 99 malignant) were included in the study. Ultrasonography found the lesions, then ultrasonic elastography got the strain images. By the strain ratio measure method equipped with the ultrasonic machine, strain ratio of the lesion was calculated. Compared with the pathologic diagnosis, the cut-off point of strain ratio was determined with receiver operating characteristic curve. Results There was significant difference between the strain ratio of benign and malignant lesions( P <0. 05). The cut off point of strain ratio was determined as 3. 08, Youden's index was 0. 88,sensitivity was 97. 38% ,and specificity was 91. 33%. Conclusions Strain ratio could be used to differentiate benign and malignant lesions in breast and would be a new diagnostic standard in future.

Objective To assess the value of functional magnetic resonance urography (fMRU)for the unilateral renal function in children with hydronephrosis.Methods Fourteen children with congenital hydronephrosis (unilateral hydronephrosis in 1 2 cases,bilateral hydronephrosis in 2 cases)examined by fMRU in Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University,were enrolled.In 7 patients of them,diuretic renal scintigraphy (DRS)was per-formed within 1 0 days before fMRU examination.The following parameters in fMRU,as renal parenchymal volume,volu-metric differential renal function (vDRF),Patlak,Patlak differential renal function (pDRF),index of glomerular filtra-tion rate (GFR)and differential renal function based on index of GFR (gDRF),were calculated and analyzed.Statisti-cal analysis was performed by using SPSS 1 3.0.Results In 7 cases whose fMRU and DRS were examined,the indexes of GFR obtained from fMRU and GFR from DRS were well correlated (r =0.892,P <0.001 )in 1 4 kidneys.The gDRF determined by 2 methods on the left kidneys[the average was(46.80 ±1 9.20)% and(45.1 8 ±20.29)%,respective-ly]had no significant difference (t =0.051 6,P =0.624),which was also highly correlated (r =0.91 2,P =0.004). In 1 2 cases with unilateral hydronephrosis,vDRF,pDRF,index of GFR and gDRF in hydronephrotic side[(43.54 ± 9.61 )%,(42.80 ±1 0.83)%,(38.56 ±29.23)mL/min,(38.37 ±1 3.61 )%]were all less than those in the con-tralateral side[(56.46 ±9.61 )%,(57.1 9 ±1 0.83)%,(57.02 ±26.22)mL/min,(61 .63 ±1 3.61 )%](t =2.326, 2.300,2.422,2.960;P =0.040,0.042,0.034,0.01 3).However,there was no statistical difference in both renal pa-renchymal volume and Patlak between the hydronephrotic and the contralateral side kidneys(t =1 .765,1 .450;P =0.1 05,0.1 75).Conclusions fMRU is a very valuable examination method in evaluating single kidney function in children with congenital hydronephrosis,and able to demonstrate that gDRF,indexes of GFR,vDRF and pDRF decrease in the hydronephrotic kidney.

Objective To explore the effect of competency based education (CBE) in the nursing training of GNS (gerontological nurse specialist).Method The CBE was used in the nursing training of GNS and the differences in knowledge and nursing skills,ability in nursing training,and aiblity in organization and scienticific research.Result After the training,the GSN was above 80 in knowledge and skills,ability in nursing training,ability in organization and scientific research and self-assessment better than that before training (P＜0.05).Conclusion The CBE for the nursing training can upgrade the abilities in the GSN in the aspects of knowledge and skills,nursing training,organization and scientific research so that they become more competent in the gerontological nursing.

OBJECTIVETo observe the short-term clinical effectiveness of bone ring graft technique and to summarize the key points of related surgical operation to provide comprehensive clinical guidelines.

METHODSFifteen patients with severe alveolar bone absorption were selected to receive bone ring grafting and immediate dental implant. Final fixed prostheses were cemented five months after initial implantation. Cone beam CT scans were conducted on all subjects before the procedure, as well as four months post-operation to evaluate alveolar bone height and level of bone height and absorption around the implants. Four to six months after prosthesis installation, each implant's Jemt classification, gingiva attachment, and probing depth (PD) were analyzed. The difference of PD between implants and adjacent teeth, as well as the difference of the bone absorption between labial and lingual sides, was compared. The survival rate of the bone ring and the retention rate of implants were calculated. Complications and patient satisfaction were also investigated.

RESULTSBone graft survival rate was 94.4% and dental implantation retention rate was 100% four months post-operation. Average bone level increase was (6.06 +/- 1.06) mm, average bone absorption was (1.33 +/- 0.84) mm, and average bone thickness at the neck of the dental implant body was (6.94 +/- 0.73) mm. Approximately 4 to 6 months after crown restoration, average bone level increase was (5.62 +/- 1.03) mm, average bone absorption was (1.51 +/- 1.02) mm, and average bone thickness at the neck of the dental implant body was (6.77 +/- 0.72) mm. The PD around the implant body and the adjacent teeth was statistically insignificant. No major post-operative complication was observed, restorations were successful, and patient satisfaction level was high.

CONCLUSIONBone ring graft technique and immediate dental implantation are relatively simple to perform, and these techniques facilitate reduction in required treatment time. Short-term effect is reliable and satisfactory, whereas long-term outcomes require further follow up and study.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Bone Transplantation ; Crowns ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of Lamivudine on controlling hepatitis B virus DNA replication.

METHODSThe liver disease patients were divided into two groups, the treated group (n=64) was given Lamivudine 100 mg once a day for one year and was additionally given liver protection drugs according to their liver function, while the control group (n=30) was given common liver protection drugs. The blood routine test, liver function and the viral markers were detected at defined times.

RESULTSThe results showed that after one year treatment of chronic hepatitis B with Lamivudine, the recovery rate of ALT was 90.7%, the negative conversion rate of HBV DNA was 73.1% showing a significant difference as compared with the control group (P<0.05). The negative seroconversion rate of HBeAg was 50%, HBeAg/anti HBe changing rate was 38.2%, that had no significant different as compared with the control group (P<0.05). The percentage for disease relapse and second elevation of ALT was 3.1% in therapeutic group that was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05). Two cases with severe hepatitis in the treated group were all alive.

CONCLUSIONSLamivudine could effectively control HBV DNA replication, making ALT normal, it also could decrease the relapse rate of chronic hepatitis B and raise the survival rate of the patients with liver disease.

Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; physiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Objective:To explore the best evidence-based nursing plan for the prevention and management of peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis, and evaluating the effect of its application.Methods:BMJ Best Practice, Up To Date, Cochrane Library, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-based Health Care Center database, UK National Clinical Medical Research Guidelines, PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, BMJ-Best Practice, SCI, Google Scholar, Europe PMC, Research Gate, NCBI, Yomitong, Mmes, Clinical Practice Guide, CNKI, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP database involves allguidelines, expert consensus, systematic evaluation and other relevant evidence on the prevention and management of peritoneal diaperis-related peritonitis at home and abroad from establishment to June 2021. The quality of the literature was evaluated and the level of evidence was evaluated. Finally, evidence was extracted and summarized.Results:After repeated check and multiple screening, a total of 13 articles were selected, including 5 guidelines, 2 expert consensus and 6 systematic reviews. At the same time, 19 pieces of best evidence were collected five aspects of peritonitis prevention, peritonitis diagnosis, peritonitis treatment, peritoneal dialysis patient training and management, and healthy quality of life.Conclusions:The prevention and management of peritonitis can effectively reduce the occurrence of peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis. According to the clinical situation of the department and the will of patients, standardized nursing procedures are formulated for clinical nurses and personalized nutrition guidance is provided for peritoneal dialysis patients, which is convenient to further improve the quality of life of patients.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to optimize conditions for labeling human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) using enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) infected by lentivirus vector and to obtain PDLSCs with high stable expressed eGFP.

METHODSPDLSCs were transfected with eGFP by lentivirus vector for 48 h via different multiplicity of infection (MOI) (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400) and the infection efficiency were analyzed by both fluorescent microscope and flow cytometry. The proliferation rate of infected PDLSCs was evaluated by MTT. The infected PDLSCs were further for detection of pluripotent, differentiation ability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression ability.

RESULTSThe infection efficiency for each group were 44.7%, 60.9%, 71.7%, 85.8% and 86.9% respectively. Proliferation of PDLSCs was not affected when MOI was below 200; however, at MOI 400, the proliferation ability was affected compared with control group. The pluripotent and ALP abilities of PDLSCs were not changed by the infection.

CONCLUSIONInfection for 48 h at MOI 200 is optimal for labeling PDLSCs with eGFP using lentivirus vector, and the proliferation and differentiation abilities of PDLSCs are not affected obviously.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; Cell Differentiation ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; Periodontal Ligament ; Stem Cells ; Transfection