Objective: To investigate the relationship between maternal disease in early pregnancy of women of childbearing age and congenital heart disease of neonates. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study and stratified multistage random sampling method was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the childbearing-aged women during 2010-2013 in Shaanxi province. Propensity score (PS) matched (1∶1) analysis was used to match participants with diseases to those without disease in early pregnancy. Through the control of the confounders step by step, a logistic regression model was established to evaluate the ORs of congenital heart disease according to the independent variable of maternal disease. Results: A total of 28 680 pairs of mothers and infants were included in this study, the proportion of the women with disease in early pregnancy was 20.25% (5 807). After PS matching, 5 436 pairs were matched. After adjusting all confounding factors, the multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that maternal disease (OR=1.86, 95%CI: 1.23-2.81), especially cold (OR=2.19, 95%CI: 1.46-3.28), gynecological disease (OR=4.74, 95%CI: 2.03-11.09) and diabetes (OR=14.00, 95%CI: 1.64-119.21), in early pregnancy were the risk factors for congenital heart disease of neonate. Conclusion In women of childbearing age, disease in early pregnancy, especially cold, gynecological disease and diabetes, can increase the risk of congenital heart disease in neonates.

Objective:To systematically describe the characteristics and trends of clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices from 2016 to 2020 in China.Methods:Clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices conducted in China from 2016 to 2020 were identified through ClinicalTrials.gov and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry using predetermined search strings. Data on indications, medical device, sponsor type, and study design were collected and analyzed.Results:From 2016 to 2020, 118 registered clinical studies were identified and analyzed, among which 100 trials (84.7%) were initiated by medical institutions and the remaining were initiated by medical device enterprises. The number of studies increased from 12 to 42 from 2016 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 39.6%. For indication types, there are 90(76.3%) studies on skin defects, followed by 21(17.8%) on maxillofacial defects, 5(4.2%) on hair defects and 2(1.7%) on breast defects. The top four indications were scars, acne, nasolabial folds, and port-wine stains. For device types, photoelectric devices were involved in 73(61.9%) studies, followed by surgical devices [20(16.9%)] and injection devices [19(16.1%)]. Laser devices were the research focus among all photoelectric device categories. There were 11 clinical studies on scar treatment using laser treatment equipment, of which 6 trials applied parallel controlled study design, and the remaining trials applied self-controlled design. The sample size of these 11 trials ranged from 15 to 110.Conclusions:The number of registered clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices kept growing in the last few years. Skin related indications and photoelectric devices have become the hot spot in the field.

Objective:To systematically describe the characteristics and trends of clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices from 2016 to 2020 in China.Methods:Clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices conducted in China from 2016 to 2020 were identified through ClinicalTrials.gov and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry using predetermined search strings. Data on indications, medical device, sponsor type, and study design were collected and analyzed.Results:From 2016 to 2020, 118 registered clinical studies were identified and analyzed, among which 100 trials (84.7%) were initiated by medical institutions and the remaining were initiated by medical device enterprises. The number of studies increased from 12 to 42 from 2016 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 39.6%. For indication types, there are 90(76.3%) studies on skin defects, followed by 21(17.8%) on maxillofacial defects, 5(4.2%) on hair defects and 2(1.7%) on breast defects. The top four indications were scars, acne, nasolabial folds, and port-wine stains. For device types, photoelectric devices were involved in 73(61.9%) studies, followed by surgical devices [20(16.9%)] and injection devices [19(16.1%)]. Laser devices were the research focus among all photoelectric device categories. There were 11 clinical studies on scar treatment using laser treatment equipment, of which 6 trials applied parallel controlled study design, and the remaining trials applied self-controlled design. The sample size of these 11 trials ranged from 15 to 110.Conclusions:The number of registered clinical studies on aesthetic and plastic devices kept growing in the last few years. Skin related indications and photoelectric devices have become the hot spot in the field.

Objective:To investigate the application value of esophagogastric anastomosis with double muscle flap plasty in total laparoscopic radical resection of proximal gastric cancer.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 5 patients undergoing radical resection of proximal gastric cancer in Cancer Hospital of China Medical University from January to December 2020 were collected. All 5 cases were male, aged from 57 to 72 years, with a median age of 65 years. All 5 patients underwent total laparoscopic radical resection of proximal gastric cancer combined with esophagogastric anastomosis with double muscle flap plasty. Observation indicators: (1) operative situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination and telephone interview to detect postoperative anastomosis, esophageal reflux, nutritional status, quality of life, tumor recurrence and metastasis of patients up to February 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Operative situations: all 5 patients underwent surgery successfully. The operation time, time of esophagogastric anastomosis with double muscle flap plasty, number of lymph node dissected, volume of intraoperative blood loss, length of surgical incision of 5 patients were (316±41)minutes,(109±11)minutes, 26±4, (48±12)mL, (3.4±0.4)cm, respectively. Results of intraoperative rapid frozen section pathological examination showed negative of esophageal margin. (2) Postoperative situations: the time to postoperative initial flatus, time to postoperative initial food intake, during of postoperative hospital stay, cost of treat-ment of 5 patients were (4.8±1.5)days, (5.8±1.5)days, (11.6±2.1)days and (5.5±0.4)×10 4 yuan, respectively. Results of postoperative pathological examination of 5 patients showed gastric adeno-carcinoma in all 5 patients including 4 cases with moderately and poorly differentiated adeno-carcinoma and 1 case with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with the TNM staging of pT1a-3N0-1 M0 stage. Of the 5 patients, 1 case underwent postoperative mild pneumonia and was cured by conservative treatment such as anti-infection and promotion of sputum evacuation. (3) Follow-up: all 5 patients were followed up for 2 to 12 months, with a median follow-up time of 6 months. Of the 5 patients, 4 cases underwent anastomotic patency and 1 case underwent mild anastomotic stenosis who was improved after endoscopic treatment. None of the 5 patients underwent reflux esophagitis. The body mass index, the score of nutritional risk screening 2002, the score of patient-generated subjective global assessment and the score of tumor patient quality of life of 5 patients were 21 kg/m 2(range, 19-27 kg/m 2), 2(range, 1-2), 2(range, 1-3) and 47(range, 42-52), respectively. None of the 5 patients underwent tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion:Esophagogastric anas-tomosis with double muscle flap plasty can be used in total laparoscopic radical resection of proximal gastric cancer which will lead to satisfactory short-term efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the interventional effect of metformin on pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in silicotic rats.Methods:In April 2019, 48 Wistar male rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into negative control group, metformin control group, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) model group, low, medium and high dose metformin intervention group according to the random number table method, 8 rats in each group. The SiO 2 model group and the low, medium and high dose metformin intervention groups were given 1 ml 50 mg/ml of SiO 2 by intratracheal instillation, the negative control group and the metformin control group were given 1 ml normal saline by intratracheal instillation. 24 hours later, the low, medium and high dose metformin intervention groups and the metformin control group were treated with 100, 200, 400 and 400 mg/kg metformin daily, the control and SiO 2 model groups received normal saline daily. Then the rats were sacrificed at the 28th day after SiO 2 exposure. The changes of rat body weight and pathological examination of rat lung tissue were observed, and the lung organ coefficient, the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) , the expression levels of inflammatory factors transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) , interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and the protein expression of E-cadherin (E-Cad) , Vimentin, α-SMA were detected. Results:Compared with the negative control group, SiO 2 model group had a significant decrease in the body weight of rats ( P<0.05) , lung organ coefficient, alveolitis and fibrosis scores, HYP content and the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β were all significantly increased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the SiO 2 model group, the weights of the rats in the medium and high dose intervention group of metformin increased significantly ( P<0.05) . And after intervention with different doses of metformin, the lung organ coefficient, alveolitis and fibrosis scores, HYP content and the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting results showed that compared with the negative control group, the expression of E-Cad of the SiO 2 model group was decreased, and the expression levels of Vimentin and α-SMA were significantly increased ( P<0.05) . After metformin intervention, the expression of E-Cad was significantly increased, the expression levels of Vimentin and α-SMA were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Metformin can reduce lung tissue inflammation and fibrosis in rats exposed to SiO 2 dust, which may be related to reducing the expression of inflammatory factors in lung tissue and inhibiting the EMT process.

Objective:To investigate the interventional effect of metformin on pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in silicotic rats.Methods:In April 2019, 48 Wistar male rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into negative control group, metformin control group, silicon dioxide (SiO 2) model group, low, medium and high dose metformin intervention group according to the random number table method, 8 rats in each group. The SiO 2 model group and the low, medium and high dose metformin intervention groups were given 1 ml 50 mg/ml of SiO 2 by intratracheal instillation, the negative control group and the metformin control group were given 1 ml normal saline by intratracheal instillation. 24 hours later, the low, medium and high dose metformin intervention groups and the metformin control group were treated with 100, 200, 400 and 400 mg/kg metformin daily, the control and SiO 2 model groups received normal saline daily. Then the rats were sacrificed at the 28th day after SiO 2 exposure. The changes of rat body weight and pathological examination of rat lung tissue were observed, and the lung organ coefficient, the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) , the expression levels of inflammatory factors transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) , interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and the protein expression of E-cadherin (E-Cad) , Vimentin, α-SMA were detected. Results:Compared with the negative control group, SiO 2 model group had a significant decrease in the body weight of rats ( P<0.05) , lung organ coefficient, alveolitis and fibrosis scores, HYP content and the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β were all significantly increased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the SiO 2 model group, the weights of the rats in the medium and high dose intervention group of metformin increased significantly ( P<0.05) . And after intervention with different doses of metformin, the lung organ coefficient, alveolitis and fibrosis scores, HYP content and the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting results showed that compared with the negative control group, the expression of E-Cad of the SiO 2 model group was decreased, and the expression levels of Vimentin and α-SMA were significantly increased ( P<0.05) . After metformin intervention, the expression of E-Cad was significantly increased, the expression levels of Vimentin and α-SMA were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Metformin can reduce lung tissue inflammation and fibrosis in rats exposed to SiO 2 dust, which may be related to reducing the expression of inflammatory factors in lung tissue and inhibiting the EMT process.

Objective: To explore the association between the frequency of prenatal care in childbearing aged women and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) among neonatal twins in Shaanxi Province. Methods: From July to December 2013, a total of 30 027 childbearing aged women, who were pregnant from January 2010 to November 2013 and had definite outcomes, were selected from 30 districts (counties) of Shaanxi Province by using the multi-stage random sampling method. The questionnaires with a face-to-face survey method were used to retrospectively collect demographic information, pregnancy history, lifestyle during pregnancy, disease history, nutritional supplements, and health care during pregnancy. Information on the gestational age and birth weight of the newborn were obtained by consulting the medical certificate of birth and were registered as twin A and twin B by birth order. Finally, 356 childbearing aged women and their twin babies with complete data were included in the analysis. A generalized estimation equation model was used to analyze the association between the frequency of prenatal care and the risk of SGA among neonatal twins. Results: The age of childbearing aged women was (27.44±4.68) years old, of which 79.49% (283 women) were rural residents and 44.38% (158 women) had seven or more times prenatal care. The gestational age and birth weight were (37.64±2.51) weeks and (2 510±497) g, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 51.40% (183/356) for twin A and 53.37% (190/356) for twin B, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 44.30% (70/158) for twin A with seven or more times prenatal care and 42.41% (67/158) for twin B with seven or more times prenatal care, which was lower than that for twins with less than seven times prenatal care, respectively [57.07% (113/198) and 62.12% (123/198)] (P values were 0.017 and <0.001). The results of generalized estimation equation model suggested that compared to those with less than seven times prenatal care, after adjusting for parity, birth order, place of residence, maternal age, occupation, education, family wealth index, passive smoking, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, folic acid, and iron supplement during perinatal period, and gender of the newborn, the OR (95%CI) of risk of SGA among childbearing aged women with seven or more times prenatal care was 0.60 (0.40-0.91). Conclusion Seven or more times prenatal care could reduce the risk of SGA among neonatal twins in Shanxi Province.