Objective:To study the extraction process of AWei capsule.Methods:Taking the contents of gallic acid and the yield of extracts as assessment index to optimize water extraction process of AWei capsule with orthogonal experimental design.Taking the contents of magnolol,honokiol and the yield of extracts as assessment index to optimize ethanol extraction process of AWei capsule with orthogonal experimental design.Results:The optimal water extraction process of AWei capsule was extracting twice,every time lasted 1.5h,every time added 14 times water.The optimal ethanol extraction process of AWei capsule was using 80%ethanol as solvent,extracting twice,every time lasted 1.5h,every time added 6 times solvent.Conclusion:The optimized extraction process is stable and reasonable.

Objective:To analyze therapeutic effect and safety of triple intensive anti -platelet therapy on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .Methods:A total of 100 AMI + T2DM patients were enrolled and equally divided into routine treatment group (received aspirin and clopi‐dogrel treatment based on routine treatment ) and tirofiban group (received tirofiban based on routine treatment group) .Platelet count (PLT) ,platelet activating factor (PAF) ,prothrombin time (PT) ,activated partial thrombo‐plastin time (APTT) ,fibrinogen (Fg) ,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ,left ventricular fractional short‐ening (LVFS) ,stroke volume (SV) and therapeutic effect were measured and compared between two groups .All patients were followed up for six months ,incidence rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and vari‐ous hemorrhage events were compared between two groups .Results :Compared with routine treatment group ,there were significant reductions in PLT [(18.2 ± 2.5) 109/L vs .(15.8 ± 1.4) 109/L] and PAF [(138.6 ± 10.2)μg/L vs . (61.5 ± 3.1)μg/L] (P<0.05 ,<0.01);and significant rise in LVEF [ (56.9 ± 5.2)% vs .(64.2 ± 4.6)% ] ,LVFS [ (30.4 ± 3.3)% vs .(39.8 ± 4.5)% ] ,SV [ (43.2 ± 3.4) ml vs .(74.5 ± 4.6) ml] and total effective rate (76.0%vs .96.0% ) in tirofiban group , P<0.05 all .After six-month follow-up ,there were no significant difference in incidence rates of MACE and bleeding between two groups , P>0.05 all .Conclusion:Therapeutic effect of triple in‐tensive anti-platelet therapy is significant in AMI + T2DM patients ,and its adverse reactions and prognosis have no difference with those of dual anti -platelet therapy .

Objective:To analyze the clinical therapeutic effect and safety of bare metal stent (BMS)application in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)complicated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods:The data of 68 CHD + IGT patients undergoing stent implantation in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to kind of implanted stents,they were divided into BMS group (n=36)and drug eluting stent (DES)group (n=32). Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI)flow grade and Gensini score of coronary lesion were compared be-tween two groups via reviewing coronary angiography six months after operation.Incidence rates of re-stenosis,a-cute thrombosis,sub-acute thrombosis,revascularization and sudden death were compared between two groups after one year follow-up.Results:There were no significant difference in TIMI grade and Gensini score of coronary le-sion between two groups after operation (P>0.05).Compared with DES group after one-year follow-up,there were significant reductions in incidence rates of acute thrombosis (6.25% vs. 2.78%), sub-acute thrombosis (15.63% vs.5.56%)and sudden death (6.25% vs.2.78%)in BMS group (P<0.05 all),but there were no signif-icant difference in incidence rates of re-stenosis and revascularization between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion:Application of bare metal stent can reduce incidence rate of postoperative complications and possess better therapeu-tic effect in patients with coronary heart disease complicated impaired glucose tolerance.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the incidence and related factors of nosocomial infection in old inpatients with cancers during radiotherapy and chemotherapy.METHODS Retrospective surveys of nosocomial infection were carried out in 236 old inpatients with cancers from Jan 2005 to Oct 2008.?2 Test was used to evaluate the difference significance of the data.RESULTS The surveys indicated the infection rate was 44.36% and without the sex difference.The infection rate among old inpatients with lung cancer was the highest and counted for 69.39% and then with radiotherapy and chemotherapy that was 56.96%.Respiratory infection was the main infection and counted for 51.27%.The hospital stay time correlated well with the infection rate of the inpatients.With the hospital stay time increasing,the infection rate also increased.Moreover,the predisposing factors of inpatients infection included poor nutrition,advanced stage of tumors,aggressive procedures,leukopenia and application of antibiotics.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection rate of old inpatients with cancers during radiotherapy and chemotherapy is much higher than that of the elders with common diseases and that of the youngers with cancers.The incidence of nosocomial infection is related to the sites of the primary cancers,therapy methods,hospital stay,etc.We must emphasize and control the predisposing factors effectively,and reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate the association SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and susceptibility to autism among 105 Japanese family trios consisting of fathers,mothers,and affected offsprings with autism.Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from the whole blood samples.The PCR-single stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to test genotype of SNPs(rs3770448,rs3769955) at SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 genes.Results The distributions of genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs3770448 and rs3769955 were not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The results of transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) indicated that the allelic frequency transmitted from the heterozygote parents didn′t deviate 50%.Conclusion The polymorphism of rs3770448 in the SLC25A12 and rs3769955 in the SCN2A2 locus may not be associated with autism.But the association of the other SNPs at the SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 locus with the illness can not be ruled out.

Objective:To explore the effects of problem-solving based telephone and texting interventions for medication adherence of discharged patients with schizophrenia.Method:A total of 178 discharged patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to telephone intervention (TI)group (n =63),text-messaging intervention (TMI)group (n =61),and control group (n =54).All patients were routinely treated,and patients in TI and TMI groups were given problem-solving based interventions.Medication adherence and psychotic symptoms were as-sessed by pill counting and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS)at baseline and the first,third, sixth,ninth and twelfth month.Results:Overall,patients with TI had higher medication adherence than those with TMI (P <0.001),and patients with TMI had higher medication adherence than that in control group (P <0.001). PANSS scores in TI and TMI groups were not significantly different (P >0.05),but significantly lower than control group (P <0.01).There was higher rate of re-admission in control group in comparison with TI and TMI groups (9.3% vs.[0% and 1.6%],P <0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that problem-solving based telephone and texting interventions are effective for improving medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia after their discharge from hospital,so as to reducing psychotic symptoms and lowering re-hospitalization risk.In comparison with TMI, TI has a better effect in improving medication adherence.

The body is exposed to various organic anions,so it is the best way to remove the toxic substances in the body quickly and effectively.Cross epithelial active transport mediated by organic anion transporter is the rate limiting process.Renal secretion and re-absorption of a variety of endogenous and exogenous organic anions are occurred in the proximal tubular epithelial cells of the organic anion transporter family.The expression of organic anion transporter-1 (OAT1) in proximal tubular epithelial cells plays an important role in the introduction of organic anion into the renal tubular epithelial cells.This article reviewed the renal expression,the substrate and the polymorphism of the organic anion transport protein OAT1,the renal toxicity of adefovir dipivoxil,the interaction between organic anion transporters and drug,and the influence of the renal toxicity on the renal toxicity of adefovir dipivoxil.

Objective: To assess therapeutic effect of alprostadil on improving myocardial microcirculatory disturbance and hemorheological disorder in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods: A total of 164 CHD patients treated in our hospital were selected.According to random number table method, they were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group and alprostadil group (received alprostadil injection based on routine treatment group), both groups were treated for two weeks.Serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thromboxan β2 (TXβ2) and hemorheological indexes were measured and compared between two groups after treatment;TIMI grade and TIMI myocardial perfusion grading (TMPG) of CAG were compared between two groups after treatment.Results: Compared with routine treatment group after treatment, there were significant rise in serum levels of NO[(64.9±10.3) mmol/L vs.(98.8±13.2) mmol/L]and VEGF[(1.62±0.53) mg/L vs.(3.31±0.68) mg/L], and significant reduction in serum TXβ2 level[(180.4±22.8) pg/ml vs.(78.9±9.6) pg/ml], P<0.05 or<0.01;significant reductions in whole blood high shear viscosity[(5.84±0.72) mPa·s vs.(4.25±0.31) mPa·s], whole blood low shear viscosity[(8.42±0.93) mPa s vs.(5.31±0.68) mPa s], plasma viscosity[(2.73±0.34) mPa s vs.(1.61±0.29) mPa s], fibrinogen level[(4.09±0.55) g/L vs.(3.13±0.55) g/L], erythrocyte aggregation index[(3.85±0.47) vs.(2.24±0.31)]and maximum platelet aggregation rate[(67.4±5.3)% vs.(48.0±3.6)%]in alprostadil group, P<0.05 all.Among those patients undergoing second CAG, compared with routine treatment group, there were significant reductions in percentages of TIMI and TMPG grade II and grade III, and significant rise in percentages of TIMI and TMPG grade 0 and grade I in alprostadil group, P<0.05 or <0.01.Conclusion: Alprostadil can significantly improve myocardial microcirculatory disturbance and hemorheological disorder in patients with coronary heart disease, which is worth extending.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion (PLE) embolization for cavernous hemangioma of liver (CHL). Methods Seldinger technique was adopted and the catheter was super-selectively sent into the supplying artery of tumors in 18 CHL patients, 5-10 ml of Lidocaine and 5-20 ml of PLE were slowly injected. Before the embolization, 50-100 mg of pethidine was routinely injected. The embolization was conducted in several times in patients with large tumors, with multiple supplying arteries, and whose age was above 60 years. During the 3-48 months'follow-up after the operation,the change of the tumor diameter before and after the embolization was compared by using CT and ultrasound. The clinical symptomatic relief and the complications were also observed. Results The CHL of all the 18 cases were filled up by PLE. The foci were completely vanished in 9 cases, reduced by over 50% in 7 cases,and reduced by 25%-50% in 2 cases,respectively. The follow-up angiographic examination was performed in six cases, the tumor staining was completely vanished and the tumor-supplying artery was closed up. The improving rate of the clinical symtoms reached 89% . There were no serious complications. Conclusion The PLE embolization in hepatic cavernous hemangioma proves to be reliable, safe, minimally invasive, and with little side effect. This therapy, therefore, can be the first method of choice in treating the cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

Objective To evaluate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on unilateral spatial neglect in stroke patients. Methods Published articles from the earliest date available to July, 2016 were recalled from PubMed, OVID, Embase, Co-chrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Database. Two reviewers selected independently the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about rT-MS for stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect, and extracted data independently and analyzed with RevMan 5.3 and GRADE profiler 3.6. Results Twelve trials that represented 353 participants were evaluated. For improving Line Bisection Test, Star Cancellation Test, Albert Test, rTMS groups were significantly more effective than the controls. rTMS groups with different frequencies all showed significantly effec-tive:for low frequency rTMS, SMD=-1.21, 95%CI=-2.17 to-0.25;for high frequency rTMS, SMD=-2.56, 95%CI=-3.54 to-1.58;for continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), SMD=-2.51, 95%CI=-3.66 to-1.36. Conclusion rTMS is effective on unilateral spatial neglec-tin in stroke patients.