Objective To investigate the differential diagnostic signiifcance of different calciifcation types in thyroid benign and malignant nodules with high-frequency ultrasound. Methods Totally 195 patients with thyroid lesions were examined on conventional high-frequency ultrasound pre-operatively. The evaluation was foucsed on the number and echo of thyroid nodules and the size, shape and distribution of calciifcation inside. Different calciifcation patterns were divided into 3 types:type 1 micro-calciifcation, type 2 coarse calciifcation, type 3 peripheral calciifcation. Results The calciifcation rate of thyroid malignant nodules 68.6%(81/118) was signiifcantly higher than that of benign nodules 40.0%(56/140) (χ2=21.096, P<0.01). The ratio of type 1 calciifcation in malignant nodules 72.8%(59/81) was obviously higher than that of benign nodules 41.1%(23/56) (χ2=13.906, P<0.01). There was no signiifcant difference of type 2 calciifcation between malignant and benign nodules (χ2=3.159, P>0.05). The incidence of type 3 calcification in malignant lesions 3.7%(3/81) was lower than that of benign nodules 21.4%(12/56) (χ2=10.669, P<0.05). The malignancy incidence of solitary thyroid nodule 85.3%(58/68) and extremely low echo nodules with calciifcation 76.2%(48/63) was higher than that of multiple thyroid nodules 33.3%(23/69) and other echo nodules 44.6%(33/74) (χ2=38.261, 14.057, both P<0.01). Conclusions There was potential risk of malignancy in each calciifcation of thyroid nodules. Different calciifcation types had important value for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ)in differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant nodules and its influence factors.Methods 127 patients with thyroid lesions and its adjacent normal thyroid tissue at the same depth were examined with VTQ.Test results were performed by shear wave velocity value (SWV) on the long axis dimension of the nodules.The maximum(Vmax),minimum(Vmin) value of SWV of thyroid lesions and the SWV(Vn) value of surrounding normal tissue were recorded.The mean value of SWV (Vm) and the ratio of Vm and Vn (Vm/n) were calculated.SWV value of benign and malignant nodules and different pathological types of nodules were analyzed.Receiver-operating characteristic curve(ROC) was drawn to assess the diagnostic efficiency.Results The Vmax,Vmin,Vm,Vm/n of malignant lesions [(4.61 ± 2.65) m/s,(2.74 ± 2.23) m/s,(2.99 ± 0.82)m/s,(1.69 ± 1.07)m/s,respectively] were obviously higher than that of benign nodules [(2.78 ± 0.96)m/s,(1.75 ± 0.60)m/s,(2.31 ± 0.38)m/s,(0.94 ± 0.23)m/s,respectively,P ＜0.01].The SWV value of thyroid papillary carcinoma was higher than that of nodular goiter,thyroid adenoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis(P ＜0.05).The SWV value of Hashimoto's thyroiditis was higher than that of thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences of SWV value were found between thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter (P ＞ 0.05).Contrast the area under the receiver-operating curves above four groups of different SWV values,the results showed that Vm had the highest diagnostic value in diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.When the best cut-off point of Vm was 2.48 m/s,the diagnostic value was highest and the sensitivity and specificity were 97％ and 81 ％.Conclusions VTQ could be used to quantify and evaluate the hardness of thyroid nodules and provided important value for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

[Objective]To observe the effect of Homoharringtonine on Adjuvant Arthritis Rats.[Methods]Observe the effect of Homoharringtonine on Adjuvant Arthritis Rats’ SP,IL-1? and TNF-?;we take the Adjuvant Arthritis Rats as model and Tripterygium wilfordii polycoside was the positive group.[Results]The Homoharringtonine and Tripterygium wilfordii polycoside group’s level of TNF-?,IL-1? in the serum and synovial membrane decreased instructively,and their dose of SP in the plasma and synovial membrane was suppressed obviously too.[Conclusion]Homoharringtonine has the effect of anti-inflammation,it may treat the Adjuvant Arthritis Rats through reducing the dose of TNF-?,IL-1? in the serum and synovial membrane,inhibiting the secretion and releasing SP in the plasma and synovial membrane.

Objective To identify and analyze the species of vaginal lactobacilli between patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and healthy women at childbearing age in Inner Mongolia. Methods From Jun. 2008 to Dec. 2008, 203 Mongolian healthy women, 74 Han healthy women and 102 Mongolian patients with BV from 3 pastoral areas were enrolled in this study. Isolation and culture of lactobacilli from vaginal wall were performed by modified culture medium. DNA of lactobacilli were extracted and sequenced. H2O2 were detected by TMB-HRP-MRS. Results(1)The rate of lactobacilli identification were 76.8%(156/203) in Mongolian healthy women and 21.6% (22/102) in Mongolian patients with BV, which reached statistical difference(P＜0.01).Lactobacilli identification in Han healthy women [82.4%(61/74)] did not show significant difference with that of Mongolian healthy women (P＞0.05). (2) The total of 193 strains and 11 species of Lactobacillus were detected in 203 Mongolian healthy women. Meanwhile,22 strains and 4 species of Lactobacillus were found in 102 Mongolian BV cases.(3)The rate of H2O2 generating Lactobacilli was 27.3% (6/22) in Mongolian BV patients and 75.7% (56/74)in Mongolian healthy women, which showed statistical difference(P＜0.05). Conclusions The rate of Lactobacillus was not related with the race of women in pastoral area in Inner Mongolian. The amount of lactobacilli and H2O2 generating Lactobacilli in the vagina of BV patients was remarkably lower than those of healthy women at childbearing age.

Objective To improve the recognition for infantile spinal muscular atrophy (SMA-Ⅰ) and the level of early diagnosis,intervention and treatment for SMA-Ⅰ.Methods The clinical data of 39 patients with SMA-Ⅰ were analyzed retrospectively, including the clinical manifestations, neural electrophysiological characteristics, geno-type, diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of SMA-Ⅰ.Results Of the 39 cases with SMA-Ⅰ , 37 cases (94.9％) had onset in 6 months after birth.The paralyses of the limbs were symmetrical and flaccid.The lower was more severe than the upper , and the proximal was more severe than the distal, hypotonia and tendinous reflex disappears.Thirty-two cases (82.1％) had normal serum creatine kinase, and 7 cases (17.9％) increased slightly.Nerve electrophysiological examination showed that 169 (96.0％) had spontaneous potentials in 176 muscles.Of 160 limb muscles,35 (21.8％) released few motor unit potential (MUP) ,117 (73.1％) extended the duration of MUP and 104 (65.0％) increased the amplitude of M UP.Of 167 peripheral motor nerves, 160 (95.8％)decreased the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential and 162 (97.0％) had normal motor conduction velocity.Of 93 peripheral sensory nerves, 93 (100.0％) had normal range of the conduction.The gene detection showed that 38 cases had homozygous deletion of exon 7,8, and 1 case had homozygous deletion of exon 7 and heterozygous deletion of exon 8.In the effective follow-up of 30 cases,6 cases died in the 2-3 months after birth,4 cases died in 10 months after birth, 12 cases died in 12-18 months after birth.Six cases survived to 2 years old,2 cases survived to 3 years old,and all of them died of pulmonary infection.Conclusions There are typical clinical and nerve electrophysiological characteristics for SMA-I.Nerve electrophysiological examination can be used as an important method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis for SMA-I.Genetic testing can be used to identify the disease and make prenatal diagnosis.Through comprehensive intervention the quality of life can be improved in SMA-Ⅰ children.

Objective To discuss the intervention effect of four oral care model on compliance of atomizing inhalation and mouth and throat complications in outpatient infants and young children patients. Methods A total of 480 cases of children patients using budesonide inhalation for the treatment of respiratory tract infection were divided into the observation group(n=260)and the control group (n=220) according to the time sequence. The control group received conventional nursing, the observation group used quaternity oral care model in nursing care. The compliance and occurrence of complications in the mouth and throat were observed between the two groups. Results In the observation group with nebulae inhalation compliance was 79.2% (206/260), evidently higher than that in the control group the compliance of 58.6%(129/220) (χ2=23.97,P<0.01). The incidence of oral herpes and ulcers in the control group was 2.73%(6/220), and 0.77%(2/260) in the observation group, but no significant difference was seen (χ2=2.79, P>0.05). The incidence of thrushes was 3.64%(8/220) in the control group, and none occurred in the observation group, which showed significant difference (χ2=9.62, P<0.01). Conclusions Using quaternity oral care model in corticosteroid nebulae inhalation patientscan increase compliance and decreasecomplications of oral and throat of outpatient children.

Objective To assess the clinical value of multi-slice helical CT perfusion on the post-operative follow-up of glioma.Methods CT perfusion image was applied to 32 patients with glioma after operation.Various perfusion parameters,include cerebral blood volume(CBV),permeability surface(PS),relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV)and relative permeability surface(rPS)were measured on recurrent area,nonrecurrent area and normal cerebral area respectively.SPSS 12.0 statistical software was used.Independent t test was used to compare the differences.Results In the recurrent group(16 cases),the value of CBV in creased in 12 cases and was normal in the other 4 cases.The value of PS increased in all the cases of recurrent group.The value of rCBV exceeded 2.6 in 10 cases,among which the biggest value of rCBV was 4.01.The mean value of rCBV was 2.67 and the mean value of rPS was 6.32;In the non-recurrent group(16 cases),the value of CBV was nearly normal in 7 cases,increased in 2 cases and decreased in the remaining 7 cases.The value of PS was nearly normal in 11 case,decreased in 3 cases and increased in the remaining 2 cases.The values of rCBV were all less than 2.6 and the biggest value of rCBV was 2.14.The mean value of rCBV was 0.99 and the mean value of rPS was 1.42.The statistic significance was obtained for all the parameters when compared the recurrent group with the non-recurrent group(P＜0.01)and with the normal cerebral area(P＜0.01).When compared the non-recurrent group with the normal cerebral area,none of the parameters had statistic significance(P＞0.05);The statistic significance was obtained for rCBV and rPS when compared the recurrent group with the non-recurrent group(P＜0.01).Conclusion CT perfusion image is valuable in determining glioma recurrence after operation.

AIM: To observe the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.f.alba. (Sal) on the mitochondrial ultra-structure, oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by ischemia injury in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.METHODS: The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model was established by a modified Longa occlusion method. Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, simple ischemia reperfusion group, Sal with ischemia reperfusion group and butylphthalide with ischemia reperfusion group. To study the protective effects of Sal and its mechanism, the intervention of Sal was given and the ultra-structure of mitochondria, functions of mitochondria under oxidative stress and the incidence of apoptosis of brain cells were determined.RESULTS: Many electron dense toxic granulation and vacuolus in mitochondria were observed in the rat brain of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Under the condition of ischemia and reperfusion, the mitochondria membrane was disaggregative, and the tubular cristae of mitochondrion disappeared. MDA content was obviously increased and the activity of glutathione peroxidase decreased significantly. The apoptosis of brain cells were observed in a great quantity. The changes of ultra-structure of mitochondria and the activity of GSH-Pxase were significantly improved by the treatment of Sal. Furthermore, treatment with Sal delayed the decrease of GSH-Pxase activity, and inhibited the increase in MDA content in brain tissue after ischemia and reperfusion. The incidence of apoptosis of brain cells was also decreased.CONCLUSION: Sal protects the brain tissue from ischemia injury.

HM(hibernating myocardium)is an adaptive phenome-non of myocardium against sustained ischemia,which maintains its tissue vitality through balancing energy supply and demand.It widely exists in patients suffering from coronary heart disease. HMhas its own metabolic pattern,instead of regular FAO(fatty acid β-oxidation)-based metabolism,glycolysis became main pro-cedure.Reduction of FAO,TCA (tricarboxylic cacidcycle),ETC (electron transport chain)enzyme has been observed,ROS(reac-tive oxygen species)and UCP2(uncoupling protein 2)have been up-regulated.UCP2,which promotes proton leak across innermembrane of mitochondrial and leads to ATP reduction,has e-merged as an important regulator of the energy production.It is regulated by up-stream proteins such as AMPK,PPARs,PGC-1α,and other factors like FFA(free fat acid),ROS and purine nucleotide.HM has potential function of ischemic myocardium, which can improve cardiac function through reasonable interven-tion.Modulation of UCP2 can optimize energy production,and is essential to HM metabolism.

Objective:To explore the effects of problem-solving based telephone and texting interventions for medication adherence of discharged patients with schizophrenia.Method:A total of 178 discharged patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to telephone intervention (TI)group (n =63),text-messaging intervention (TMI)group (n =61),and control group (n =54).All patients were routinely treated,and patients in TI and TMI groups were given problem-solving based interventions.Medication adherence and psychotic symptoms were as-sessed by pill counting and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS)at baseline and the first,third, sixth,ninth and twelfth month.Results:Overall,patients with TI had higher medication adherence than those with TMI (P <0.001),and patients with TMI had higher medication adherence than that in control group (P <0.001). PANSS scores in TI and TMI groups were not significantly different (P >0.05),but significantly lower than control group (P <0.01).There was higher rate of re-admission in control group in comparison with TI and TMI groups (9.3% vs.[0% and 1.6%],P <0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that problem-solving based telephone and texting interventions are effective for improving medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia after their discharge from hospital,so as to reducing psychotic symptoms and lowering re-hospitalization risk.In comparison with TMI, TI has a better effect in improving medication adherence.