Objective To investigate the effect of rapid repeated cold air inhalation stimulation on cold-sensitive chan-nel transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1) associated inflammatory cytokines in living lungs .Methods A total of 20 male Wistar rats were randomly and evenly divided into 4 groups:cold air inhalation group , warm air inhalation group , TRPA1 channel agonist inhalation group and normal group , respectively . Tracheal intubation was carried out after anesthesia in rats of cold air inhalation group , and the tubes were linked to the air temperature controlled device with the temperature controlled at ( 2 ±1 )℃.The rats of warm air inhalation group were treated in the same way as cold air inhalation group except for the temperature at (36 ±1)℃.The rats of both groups were treated for 3 times, 1 hour each time.There were 12 hour intervals between treatments .The rats of TRPA1 channel agonist inhalation group were treated with atomizing inhalation of 60 mmol/L acrolein at room temperature (24 ±2)℃for 3 times, 1 hour each time.There were 12 hour intervals between two treatments .The rats were sacrificed after the last treatment .The tracheas and left lung tissues of all rats were taken and total RNA was extracted .The mRNA expressions of TRPA1, interleukin 1 beta ( IL-1β), interleukin 5(IL-5),and neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine (CXCL-1/KC)in the rat lungs were detected by real-time quantitative PCR .Results TRPA1 was expressed in rat lung tissues .In the short term cold air inhalation group , the expressions of IL-1β,IL-5 and CXCL-1/KC mRNA in the rat lungs were higher than those of the warm air inhalation or the normal groups .Similar results were also found in the specific TRPA 1 channel positive agonist ( acrolein ) inhalation group . Conclusion In living animals, the TRPA1 channels of the lungs can be activated by short-term cold air(<17℃),which results in the increasing expression of some inflammatory cytokines in lungs .

Objective To compare the dosimetric verification results of Varian Portal Dosimetry and Matrixx,and to assess the reliability of the clinical application of electronic portal imaging device (EPID) verification.Methods Varian TrueBeam linear accelerator,which was equipped with a 120-leaf multileaf collimator and an amorphous silicon EPID,as well as portal dose prediction software.IBA I′mRT Matrixx ion chamber array was used.EPID algorithm configuration,dose calibration,and testing before use were performed.The sliding-window protocol was used.There were 77 patients with tumors involving the head and neck (mainly nasopharyngeal carcinoma),mediastinum,abdomen,and pelvic cavity were selected.The verification plan of the portal dose was created with a source-detector distance of 100 cm,and the gantry angle was kept the same as the treatment plan.The verification plan was carried out in the TrueBeam machine,and the data were collected at the same time by EPID.Comparison between the measured and calculated dose images was performed,and the evaluation standard was gamma index (3%/3 mm).The paired t-test was used for difference analysis.Results For the 77 patients,the Gamma passing rates of both methods were above 97%.Except for head and neck carcinoma were a significant difference between the results of dosimetric results using EPID and Matrixx in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (P=0.018) other remaining all P> 0.05.Conclusions The dosimetric verification results of EPID are consistent with those of Matrixx.EPID can be used for dosimetric verification,and Matrixx ion chamber array can be used only in case of a low Gamma passing rate.

Objective To investigate the effect of ketamine on the synaptic long-term potentiation(LTP) in the CA1 area of rat hippocampal slices,and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effect of ketamine on memory.Methods Hippocampal slices(400 ?m thick) were obtained from the brains of male Sprague-Dawley rats(2 months old) weighing 200-250 g that were decapitated.The slices were incubated in artificial cerebrospinal fluid(ACSF) at room temperature for at least 120 min before use.Forty-nine slices were randomly divided into 7 groups(n=7):control group,ketamine 1,5,10,30,50 and 100 ?mol?L-1 groups.All the slices in each group were perfused with ACSF,ketamine 1,5,10,30,50 or 100 ?mol?L-1,respectively.The slices in each group were performed to record evoked population spikes(PS) using extracellular microelectrode recording technique.Another forty-nine slices were randomly divided into 7 groups(n=7):LTP group,ketamine-LTP 1,5,10,30,50 and 100 ?mol?L-1 groups.All the slices in each group were perfused with ACSF,ketamine 1,5,10,30,50 or 100 ?mol?L-1,respectively.PSs were recorded for at least 30 min before LTP in each group.For LTP induction,high-frequency stimulation(HFS) conditioning pulses(100 Hz?s-1) were applied to the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway of hippocampus using a bipolar stimulating electrode.The changes in PS amplitude after HFS were analyzed in each group.Results The PS amplitude of the rat hippocampal slices in ketamine 1,5,and 10 ?mol?L-1 groups had no significant difference compared with control group.The PS amplitude in ketamine 30,50 and 100 ?mol?L-1 groups decreased compared with control group(P

0.05),and TRAF2 was related to the tumor grade only(P

Objective:To study the effect of rotational errors on the positioning accuracy (PA) and to assess whether correcting rotation in patients with head-neck tumors in radiotherapy or not.Methods:The image information of 34 patients with head-neck tumors treated at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between August 2019 and January 2020 was collected. Mega-voltage computed tomography (MVCT) images of each patient were taken before radiotherapy, and were registered with planned kilo-voltage computed tomography (KVCT) images by two registration methods. All information was divided into control group (translation only) and intervention group (translation and rotation) according to different registration methods, there were 144 fractioned registered images for each group, respectively. The position errors of the two registration methods were recorded and compared. Data were carried out with Wilcoxon signed rank test and Spearman rank correlation.Results:Translational errors of the control group and the intervention group were 0.10 (5.35) mm and 0.00 (5.78) mm in right-left direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.675, P=0.007); 0.75 (2.78) mm and 0.60 (2.68) mm in superior-inferior direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.819, P=0.005); 0.10 (0.90) mm and 0.20 (1.28) mm in anterio-posterior direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-3.984, P<0.001). Rotational errors of the intervention group were -0.20 (0.60)°, 0.35 (2.00)°, 0.00 (0.98)° in pitch, roll, yaw, respectively. The distribute of 3D vector corrected frequency for two groups was positively skewed. The corrected cumulative frequency (CCF) varied with 3D vector, 3D vector was 8.0 mm, and 19 F and 16 F fractioned treatments of the control group and the intervention group were not corrected, respectively; 3D vector was between 8.0-13.5 mm, the corrected tendency of the intervention group was slower and fractioned treatment was completed later. The analytical results of Spearman rank correlation showed that rotational errors in pitch were negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=-0.182, P=0.029) and the intervention group in anterio-osterior direction ( r=-0.484, P<0.001); rotational errors in roll were negatively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in right-left direction ( r=-0.334, P<0.001); rotational errors in yaw which were positively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in right-left direction ( r=0.370, P<0.001) were negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=-0.171, P=0.040) and the same was true for the intervention group ( r=-0.203, P=0.015); total angles were positively correlated and negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=0.246, P=0.003) and anterio-posterior direction ( r=-0.188, P=0.024), and positively correlated with 3D vector of the control group ( r=0.198, P=0.017), total angles were positively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in superior-inferior direction ( r=0.170, P=0.041) and with 3D vector of the intervention group ( r=0.239, P=0.004); there were no correlations between rotational errors and the other translational errors (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Although the corrected rotation increases translational errors in anterio-posterior direction and 3D vector, it improves PA for head-neck tumors in radiotherapy. When rotational errors are not corrected, rotational offsets are present with corrected translation to decrease its effect on PA.

Objective:To investigate the role of androgen receptor (AR) in CK5 +CK8 + cells isolated from prostate cancer LNCaP cells and its regulating mechanism. Methods:CK5 +CK8 + cells were isolated from LNCaP cells by using flow cytometry. Lentivirus vector carrying AR gene was transferred in CK5 +CK8 + cells. The experiments were divided into AR CK5 +CK8 + group transfering AR and V CK5 +CK8 + group transfering blank load. The expressions of AR, p-AKT and bcl-2 were tested by using Western blot assay under different concentrations of androgen (1 nmol/L and 10 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell migration assay and soft agarose gel clone formation assay was used to detect the effect of AR on the biological property of CK5 +CK8 + cells. The effect of activated inhibitors such as LY 294002 (LY), γ-tocotrienol (γ-TT) and/or 5-fluorocytosine inducing AR expression (5-AZA) through AKT signal pathways on CK5 +CK8 + cells proliferation was detected by using MTT assay. Results:After AR gene was transferred into CK5 +CK8 + cells, the expression of AR was increased, while the expression of p-AKT and bcl-2 was decreased. After the treatment of 1 nmol /L dihydrotestosterone and 10 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone for 2, 4 and 6 d, the cell proliferation inhibited degree of AR CK5 +CK8 + cells was higher compared with that of V CK5 +CK8 + cells, and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After the treatment of 1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone and 10 nmol /L dihydrotestosterone for 3 d, the migration ability of AR CK5 +CK8 + cells was decreased compared with that of V CK5 +CK8 + cells (the number of cell migration: 54±9 vs. 113±21, 13±3 vs. 34±6), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.450, P<0.01; t=5.157, P<0.01).After the treatment of 1 nmol /L dihydrotestosterone and 10 nmol /L dihydrotestosterone for 3 weeks, the tumorigenic ability of AR CK5 +CK8 + cells was reduced compared with that of V CK5 +CK8 + cells (the number of clone: 39±7 vs. 105±16, 41±6 vs. 86±6), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.631, P<0.01; t=8.662, P<0.01). And 5 nmol /L LY + 10 nmol/L 5-AZA, 5 nmol /L LY + 5 nmol/L γ-TT, 10 nmol/L 5-AZA + 5 nmol/L γ-TT, 2.5 nmol/L LY + 5 nmol/L 5-AZA + 2.5 nmol/L γ-TT combined with 1 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone or 10 nmol/L dihydrotestosterone after the treatment of 2, 4, 6 d inhibited the proliferation of CK5 +CK8 + cells (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:AR plays an inhibitory role in CK5 +CK8 + cells isolated from prostate cancer cell line LNCaP and reduces the cell migration and tumorigenic ability through inhibiting activation of AKT-bcl-2 signal pathway.

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare inflammation of the bladder, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. A senior gentleman with emphysematous cystitis was recently admitted to our hospital. He got bilateral renal hydronephrosis and bilateral terminal pneumatosis of the ureter. The comorbidity was prostatic hyperplasia and diabetes. After indwelling catheter , glucose levels control and anti-infection treatment for 3 days, the repeated CT showed the gas inside the bladder the end of ureter decreased significantly. The blood routine, urine routine, renal function was better than before. The patient was instructed to continue anti-infection treatment. The above laboratory examination indicators returned to normal after a week's re-examination.

Objective To analyze the spectrum of anus disease during the medical selection of flying cadets and com-pare the medical standard between US Air Force and Chinese Air Force in order to improve the system of medical selection. Methods The data on flying cadets of Chinese Air Force medical selection from 2012 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and these data were re-analyzed by medical standards for US Air Force flying cadets.Results Ninety students were elimi-nated because of anal disease,including 65 hemorrhoids,14 fistula and 11 fissure.The rate of disqualification from 2012 to 2015 was 48.28%, 33.33%, 31.37%, 39.69%and there was no significant statistical difference between each two years (x2 =2.6154,P=0.4548).There was statistically significant difference(P=0<0.05)in hemorrhoids standards between CAF and USAF,and significant difference in fistula and fissure standards.Conclusion Compared with Chinese medical se-lection standards,the US Air Force standards focus on whether the symptoms of disease have effect on air safety and effi-ciency.To improve our medical selection standards,we need to learn from foreign air forces and take our own conditions into account.

Objective To investigate the effects of Ethephon on spermatogenic cells and sex hormones levels of adolescent male rats.Methods The male SD rats of 25-day old were randomly (from the random number table) divided into high dose group (2 000 mg/kg),middle dose group (1 000 mg/kg),low dose group (500 mg/kg) and control group (the same amount of physiological saline).They were given Ethephon through stomach for 14 d.The pathological changes in testis tissues were observed by HE staining.The apoptosis of germ cells were detected by terminal transferase labeling (TUNEL).The automatic chemical luminescence immunoassay analyzer was used to test the serum sex hormone levels.Results After ethephon and saline lavage for 14 days in the dose of 2 000 mg/kg,1 000mg/kg,500 mg/kg concentrations respectively,body weight growth was significantly decreased (F =3.58,P =0.03).Testis mass growth [(0.91 ± 0.17) g,(1.13 ± 0.15) g,(1.21 ± 0.11) g,(1.29 ± 0.28) g] was significantly decreased (F =4.31,P =0.02).Experimental group spermatogenic cell apoptosis,the apoptosis index increased (F =156.00,P =0.00),high dose group[(2.40 ±0.18)％] and middle dose group[(1.72 ±0.14)％] was significandy increased (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of testosterone and estrogen in serum showed a decreasing trend along with the increase of the doses,and there was a statistical significance (F =11.85,38.93,all P =0.00).Compared with the control group [(0.86 ± 0.10) μg/L],the testosterone levels in high dose group [(0.31 ± 0.08) μg/L],middle dose group [(0.36± 0.05) μg/L] decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,low dose group,middle dose group [(36.43 ± 3.57) ng/L,(38.62 ± 2.24) ng/L,(31.87 ± 5.78) ng/L],the estrogen level in high dose group[(27.39 ± 2.11) ng/L] was significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Ethephon has reproductive toxicity,and can cause the serum level of testosterone and estradiol decreased,resulting in spermatogenic cell apoptosis index increased and the spermatogenic capability decreased.

Objective To analyze the disease spectrum of abdominal external hernia during medical selection of flying cadets and compare the medical standards between US Air Force and Chinese PLA Air Force in order to improve the system of medical selection.Methods The data about abdominal external hernia among flying cadets during Chinese PLAAF medical selection between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the medical standards of the USAF flying cadets.Results Twenty-nine candidates were eliminated because of hernia,including 4 cases of hiatal hernia,3 cases of umbilical hernia and 22 cases of inguinal hernia.4.70% of the candidates were eliminated because of hernia disease.Empirical research showed difference in hernia standards between China and the USA.Conclusion Compared with Chinese medical selection standards,the USAF standards give more weight to whether the symptoms of disease impact air safety and efficiency.Our medical selection standards need to be improved by learning from foreign practices.