Investigation on anti-HCV in different cohorts of 21844 blood donors from 18 districts and counties of Beijing, and Guan, Yongqing, Xincheng, Xushui counties of Hebei province had been performed. It was showed that the anti-HCV-positive rates of voluntary and nonpaid donors were 1.7% (13/738) and 2.9% (116/3943) respectively, and 13. 6% (2011/14757)and 48.1% (1161/2415) for paid donors and plasma pheresis donors respectively. It was also found that the anti-HCV-positive rates of paid donors from Guan and Yongqing counties were (16.4%82/499) and 13.9% (53/381) respectively, 50% (575/1148) and 56% (540/965) for plasma pheresis donors from those counties respectively. The positive rates increased with the level of ALT. More than 45.5% donors whose ALT was above 45 U had anti-HCV.

The methods of extraction of purified blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)from human bully coat (BC), and the conditions of serial production of high titer IL-2 by using PBMC as raw material were studied. For separation of PBMC was selected Methyl Cellulose-Ficoll Hypaque (MC-FH) which can not only be suited to its serial production but also ensure its quality. The separated PBMC's viability was more than 95%, and the phagocyte contamination was less than 5%. The combined PHA/TPA induction method was selected by investigating the various induction methods and conditions. The conditions for inducing the IL-2 by TPA/PHA method were as following., the PBMC's concentration had better be 1.25～2.5?10~6ml; 5% of normal human AB serum was substituted for calf serum; domestic universal microorganism culture kit was used instead of imported CO_2 culture kit: culture was conduced in the rotating 500ml sealed bottles at 37℃ for 72～96 hours. The titer of IL-2 produced under mentioned above conditions reached four digits, and its highest value was 2100 IU/ml and was 20 times higher than that of the titer of IL-2 induced by PHA method. The yield of IL-2 induced with 20units of buffy coat(from 4000ml whole blood) was 23?10~6IU, and the resulting amount of induced liquid was 2000～3600ml. This provided a suitable technological process for production of IL-2 using the buffy coat as raw meterial. (Original article on page 1)

Objective To study the association of sex, body mass index and insulin resistance with serum leptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods one hundred and eight patients were divided into two groups according to BMI: diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group.Their weight and height were measured. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting true insulin(FTI),postprandial true insulin(PTI),and fasting serum leptin(LEP) were also measured. ISI=1/(FPG?FTI) as insulin sensitivity index were used to analyse the relation between leptin and insulin resistance. Results ⑴The serum leptin,body mass index,FTI and PTI were significantly higher in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ISI was significantly lower in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ⑵Female serum leptin levels were significantly higher than male serum leptin levels in diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group. ⑶Fasting leptin was correlated with sex. Leptin was positively corrected with body mass index,FTI and was negatively corrected with ISI. Serum leptin wasn't correlated with FPG. Conclusin Serum leptin level is associated with sex,BMI and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of phosphoric acid phosphate combined metformin in the treatment of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 86 cases with diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus included in this study were dividing into control group and experiment group with each 43 cases.The patients in the both groups were give regular treatment.Patients in the control group were given metformin hydrochloride sustained release tablets 500mg by oral administration with 3 times a day and patients in the experiment group revieved phosphoric acid phosphate by oral administration with once a day.A cycle of 2 groups of patients were 28d,a total of 3 cycles of treatment.The ADP,APAF1,D25-(OH)D3),CysC and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The clinical efficacy in experiment group was 93.02％,which significant higher than that in control group 76.74％(P<0.05).The serum level of ADP,APAF1 and CysC decreased after treatment with experiment group much lower than the control group(P<0.05).The serum D25-(OH)D3l elevated in the two groups with experiment group much higher than the control group(P<0.05).The adverse drug reactions was not statistically different between the two groups.Conclusion Phosphoric acid phosphate combined metformin in the treatment of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was effective with high safety.

Objective To explore the changes of coagulation factors in Xinjiang Uygur and Han patients with diabetic mellitus in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of diabetic mellitus patients.Methods 2 100 patients with diabetic mel-litus were taken as the patient group which were diagnosed in our hospital between February 2014 and April 2015,another 446 healthy people were collected as the control group.The difference of coagulation between diabetic mellitus group and control group was compared.Coagulation between Uygur and Han was compared for 2 100 diabetic mellitus patients.Results The APTT of dia-betic mellitus group were significantly less than that in control group(P <0.05).FIB of diabetic mellitus group were significantly higher than that in control group(P <0.05).The difference of PT between diabetic mellitus group and control group were not sig-nificant(P >0.05).The APTT of Uygur group were significantly less than Han group(P <0.05).FIB of Uygur group were signifi-cantly higher than Han group(P <0.05).PT between Uygur group and Han group was not significant(P >0.05).Conclusion Fac-tors were difference of diabetic mellitus patients and healthy people,coagulation factors in diabetic mellitus patients of Xinjang Uygur and Han.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low?level laser therapy(LLLT)for androgenetic alopecia, and to compare the therapeutic effect of LLLT alone versus in combination with finasteride tablets. Methods Thirty?nine male patients were randomly divided into the LLLT group(n=21)and combination group(n=18)to be treated with LLLT alone or in combination with oral finasteride tablets(1 mg/d)for 6 months. LLLT was given twice a week, and each session lasted 30 minutes. All the patients were photographed and asked to fill a questionnaire about subjective symptoms, and hair density (the number of hairs per unit area on the scalp) was determined by using a dermatoscope to evaluate the grade of alopecia, before the treatment, and 3 and 6 months after the treatment. Results The hair density in the LLLT group was significantly higher after 6 months than after 3 months of treatment and before the treatment(184.59 ± 21.17 vs. 169.24 ± 29.21 and 166.67 ± 32.94 hairs/cm2, both P<0.05), but was insignificantly different between before and after 3 months of treatment (P > 0.05). The hair density in the combination group significantly increased after 6 and 3 months of treatment compared with that before the treatment(201.80 ± 16.55 and 186.39 ± 17.97 vs. 157.85 ± 27.97 hairs/cm2, both P < 0.05), and was significantly higher after 6 months than after 3 months of treatment(P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in hair density between the two groups before the treatment(P>0.05), but the combination group showed increased hair density compared with the LLLT group after 3 and 6 months of treatment(both P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment, LLLT alone was effective in 17 patients, but ineffective in 4 patients, and the combination therapy was effective in 16 patients, but ineffective in 2 patients, with no significant difference in the response rate between the LLLT group and combination group (χ2 = 0.057, P > 0.05). During the treatment, 24(62%)patients felt less greasy, and 22(56%)reported less hair loss, with no discomforts reported by the patients except local warm feeling. Conclusion LLLT is indeed effective for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia with no adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the clinical data of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)compli-cated with embolism in children,and to improve the understanding of the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods Six cases of MPP complicated with embolization,who were treated at Nanjing Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 201 0 to June 201 5,were analyzed retrospectively.Results The ages of 6 cases ranged from 3 years and 3 months old to 1 3 years and 1 0 months old,and 3 cases were boys,3 cases were girls.All of 6 patients had high fever,positive anti -Mycoplasma IgM antibody (≥1 160)and sputum fluores-cence quantitative -Mycoplasma pneumonia (FQ -MP DNA),and all the chest imaging was consistent with pneumonia. Among 6 patients,4 cases complicated with liver function damage,4 cases had D -dimer rise,5 cases of erythrocyte sedi-mentation rate increased at different degree,while pleural effusion or pleuritis was found in 5 cases.The region of embo-lism in the cases included left renal artery in 1 case,the left popliteal artery in 1 case,the right middle cerebral artery em-bolism combined with cerebral infarction in 1 case,the right subclavian vein embolism combined with right upper extremi-ty embolism in 1 case,the basilar artery and bilateral posterior cerebral artery embolism combined with cerebral infarction in 1 case,and the other case involved the right pulmonary embolism.One case received thrombus dislodgment operation, and all of 6 cases were given the treatment including anti -infection,anticoagulation and low dose of glucocorticoid the-rapy,among whom 1 case died of cerebral hernia,and the other 5 cases improved.Conclusions MPP is often complicated with hypercoagulative state and potentialized to thrombosis,and thrombus may occur in vessels of whole body organs,and cerebral infarction had poor prognosis.Consequently,doctors should be aware of the potential risk factors for thrombosis. Early diagnosis and prompt anticoagulation and thrombolytic therapy could reduce mortality and disability rate.

Objective To establish a new allele specific PCR method for GPT typing: and study GPT polymorphism by FLDAS-PCR and PCR-RFLP. Method 248 unrelated individuals of Han were genotyped using FLDAS-PCR and PCR-RFLP. Results Three genotypes were identified with DP of 0.631 in Han population. Typing results by FLDAS-PCR were completely consistent with those by PCR-RFLP. The allele frequencies were GPT * 1 = 0.5423 and GPT * 2 = 0.4577. The population data fitted the Hardy-Weinberg law. Conclusion GPT-FLDAS-PCR and GPT-RFLP method is useful for forensic identification.

A novel ionization enhancer, methylamine formate, was proposed for improving the detection sensitivity of triglyceride in edible oil by reversed phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).The commonly used isopropanol-acetonitrile-methanol-water and isopropanol-acetonitrile were selected as the mobile phase.By using a reversed phase C18 column, and taking the corn oil in isopropyl alcohol as sample solution, we compared methylamine formate with ammonium formate, as ionization enhancers, for their effect on the detection sensitivity of triglyceride by LC-ESI-MS after screening other different ionization enhancers, such as formic acid, acetic acid, ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, butyl formate, dibutylamine formate, triethylamine formate, diethylamine formate, methylamine formate, and ethylamine formate.The result indicated that, by using methylamine formate, the mass spectral peak response and the signal to noise ratio for trilinoleic glyceride component were 5 times higher than that of ammonium formate.The effect of the concentration of methylamine formate ionization enhancer, the flow rate of the mobile phase and the flow rate of nebulizing gas on the detection of methylamine formate were investigated.The concentration of triglyceride components in corn oil starting to form aggregates was similar in different mobile phases in the electrospray process according to measurement of the relationship between corn oil concentrations and the total ion chromatogram peak area of triglyceride.In particular, the peak area of trilinolein was linear with its concentration in the range of 7×10-7-2×10-4 mol/L (R2=0.9997), but increased slower in the higher concentration range.According to the experimental data, the mechanism for improvement of detection sensitivity of methylamine formate was suggested as that the addition of methylamine mono-charged ions with hydrophobic groups had lower solvation energy, which made the enriched addition ions easily evaporation from the droplet surface, thus improving the electrospray ionization efficiency.This method provided an effective way to improve the detection sensitivity of triglyceride in edible oil by LC-ESI-MS.

Objective To develop the method for determining the content of Schisandrin by HPLC. Method The Schisandrin in Hugan Pill was determinined by HPLC. The analytical column was Hanbon Lichrospher (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) and mobile phase was methanol-water (67∶33), with wavelength was set at 251 nm. Result Schisandrin had good linear relationship with their peak area in the range of 0.105 1～2.102 ?g (r=0.999 9, n =7). The average recovery rate was 97.03%, RSD was 1.02% (n =5). Conclusion The method was rapid, simple and precise.