The demands for Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)standardization are rising internationally,but the development for TCM intemational standards is confronted with competence.In this context,the authors analyzed the competing status of intemationalized TCM standardization from 3 aspects:1.It is the key point for competition that obtaining leadership in the international organization and dominant position in developing important intemational standards:2.Integrating technical development and intellectual property with intemational standards has been gradually formed;3.Striving to make breakthrough in the development of TCM international standards on the basis of TCM Chinese national standards.The authors recommend that international standards be initiated from TCM service standards.TCM products quality standards and TCM process standards.

This study was aimed to define the scope of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) informatics standards. The basic construction of three-dimensional profiling framework includes TCM business domain, elements of TCM informationization and specificity level. The clinical informatics standards development was stated as an example to demonstrate the application method of this three-dimensional profiling framework.

Objective To study the mechanism of protective effects of total rhizoma panacis japonica saponins(tRPJS)on the cerebral ischemia injury.Methods The middle cerebral artery occlusion model (MCAO)in rats and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models in mice were used to investigate the influence of tRPJS on the nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)activity in hippocampus region.Results tRPJS significantly decreased the contents of NOS and iNOS in hippocampus region of MCAO rat and cerebral ischemia reinfusion mouse.Conclusion tRPJS has significantly protective effects by decreasing NOS and iNOS.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatics is a new branch created by integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Information Science.To research the connotation and principle of TCM Informatics will enrich the theory and promote the development of disciplines.This article thoroughly discussed the theoretical foundation and discipline characters of TCM Informatics.Then it discussed the principle and tasks from TCM information formation,acquisition,identification,transformation,feedback control,activation and dissemination of experiential knowledge.

Objective To explore the methods for diagnosis and treatment of malignant meningioma.Methods The clinical data of twenty-nine patients with malignant meningioma were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 29 patients,15 underwent Simpson Ⅰ resection,8 underwent Simpson Ⅱ resection and 6 had Simpson Ⅲ resection.Among these patients,Twenty-five cases were successfully followed up for 20-100 months.There are 11 cases who occurred relapse (44％),of whom 2 received Simpson Ⅰ resection,3 received Simpson Ⅱ resection and all the 6 cases receiving Simpson Ⅲ cases.Conclusion Head CT and MRI examination is helpful to diagnose malignant meningioma.The treatment mainly involved surgical resection combined with radiation and chemotherapy,with high postoperative recurrence rate and short survival time depending on the differentiation of the tumor.

This study analyzed the current clinical terminology standardization, systematization research status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The previous version of the TCM clinical term system had some problems including imperfect classification structure, unclear relationship between concepts and so on, which made the TCM clinical terminology system(TCMCTS) difficult to support the clinical practice of TCM. The suggestions for system improvement were using ontology method to build TCMCTS concept model bases on the previous researches and data extracted from TCM clinical electronic medical record, and top-level-ontology accordance with ISO standards. The study also tried to summarize the ‘semantic network between classes’ through semantic relationships.

Electrospinning is a new technique used to fabricate nanofibrous scaffold for guidance of tissue repair and regeneration. Electrospun scaffold simulates the structure and biological function of native extracellular matrix (ECM) and may provide an ideal engineered microenvironment for cell growth. In this paper, the principle of electrospinning technique and important processing parameters were briefly introduced. Investigations and developments in recent years regarding to the applications of tissue repair and regeneration were reviewed, several focusing issues of electrospinning were addressed as well. The significance and problems unresolved were discussed.

Objective To identify the risk factors for progression of advanced chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients who were cared by nephrologists in a specific CKD outpatient management clinic.Methods A prospective monocentric cohort study was performed.CKD patients of stage 3, 4 and 5 without renal replacement treatment were followed up regularly by nephrologists in this specific CKD management clinic.Patients with established atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS) and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, and those who had not been followed-up for at least 12 months before Jun.30, 2010 were excluded.Clinical and laboratory data including blood pressure (BP), proteinuria, hemoglobulin (Hb), calcium phosphate product (Ca×P) and serum creatinine were consecutively collected.The treatment regimen was also recorded.Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) was calculated with the formula modified for Chinese to evaluate the change of renal function.The progression of kidney disease was defined as initiation of renal replacement therapy, the annual decrease of eGFR＞4 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1, and/or death associated with renal disease.Results A total of 138 patients were enrolled in the final analysis with 84 patients of CKD stage 3, 36 of CKD stage 4 and 18 of CKD stage 5, respectively.At the time of enrollment, patients had an average age of (56.5:±:16.7) years old with an average eGFR of (32.3±13.4) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1.During a mean follow-up interval of (27.1±12.1) months, the patients were well-controlled with an average blood pressure of (126.5±12.4)/(76.4±7.9) mm Hg in 50.7％(70/138), less than or equal to 130/80 mm Hg, an average Hb of(123.8±17.1) g/L in 73.9％(102/138), above or equal to 110 g/L and an average Ca×P of (45.2±7.7) mg2/dl2 in 89.1％(123/138), less than or equal to 55 mg2/dl2.Sixty-two patients (44.9％) had progression of kidney disease. On univariate analysis, factors predicting progression were low eGFR at referral, high systolic pressure, low Hb level, high Ca×P and proteinuria during follow-up, and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors treatment did not affect the progression.After the adjustment, multivariate analysis revealed proteinuria and low Hb level were independent factors for the progression of kidney disease.Conclusions The co-morbidities of advanced CKD patients can be managed efficiently in specific CKD outpatient management clinic.Control of proteinuria and correction of anemia may be beneficial to prevent the progression of advanced CKD.

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of CysC and NT‐proBNP in patients with non‐ST elevation a‐cute coronary syndrome (NSTE‐ACS) .Methods :A total of 166 NSTE‐ACS patients hospitalized in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012 were selected .They were followed up for 12 months ,then general data ,levels of CysC , NT‐proBNP ,hsCRP and cTnI etc .and incidence rate of MACE were recorded and measured .According to MACE occurrence during follow‐up or not ,156 cases were divided into non‐MACE group (n=137) and MACE group (n=19) ,risk factors for MACE in NSTE‐ACS patients were analyzed ,receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was performed ,and the optimal cutoffs of related indexes predicting MACE occurrence in these patients were analyzed . Results :Compared with non‐MACE group ,there were significant rise in age [ (60.26 ± 10.45) years vs .(64.16 ± 11.21) years] ,levels of CysC [ (1.02 ± 0.11) mg/L vs .(1.15 ± 0.12) mg/L] ,NT‐proBNP [ (251.97 ± 89.65) pg/ml vs .(347.93 ± 107.29) pg/ml] ,hsCRP [ (14.69 ± 3.53) mg/L vs .(17.13 ± 3.68) mg/L] and cTnI [ (0.36 ± 0.46) ng/ml vs .(0.90 ± 0.88) ng/ml] in MACE group ,P<0.05 or <0.01. Multi‐factor regression analysis indica‐ted that CysC ,NT‐proBNP and cTnI levels were independent predictors for MACE in NSTE‐ACS patients ( P<0.05 or <0.01) .ROC curves of CysC ,NT‐proBNP ,cTnI and hsCRP judging prognosis were drawn , only AUC of CysC and NT‐proBNP curves were >0.7 [CysC:0.784 ,95% CI:0.687~0.881 ;NT‐proBNP:0.753 ,95% CI :0.639~0.867] , and it′s analysis indicated that CysC=1.07 mg/L and NT‐proBNP=279.60 pg/ml were their optimal cutoff predicting MACE .Kaplan‐Meier survival curves with above two cutoffs as risk stratification cutoff indicated that survival time of high risk group was significantly shorter than that of low risk group (P<0.05) .Conclusion:Serum CysC and NT‐proBNP levels are independent predictors assessing prognosis in NSTE‐ACS patients .

Objective To explore the association of expression of apoptosis-associated gene BAK and cFLIP with the biological behaviors in endometriosis. Methods The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene in eutopic and ectopic tissue samples from 40 cases with pathologically confirmed ovarian endometriosis and 40 cases with pathologically confirmed normal endometrium was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results ①The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene was found in three groups of different endometrial tissue. ②The expression of BAK protein gene was increased gradually in ectopic endometrial , eutopic endometrium and normal tissue and there was significantly difference between every two groups ,while cFLIP was contrary expressed (P <0.05); ③In normal endometrium, The expression of BAK protein gene in secretory phase was higher than that in proliferative phase (P < 0.05), while cFLIP was contrary expressed, in eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrial tissue , The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene in secretive phase showed no statistically significant difierence with that in proliferative phase (P > 0.05). ④The expression of BAK protein gene in severe group (Ⅲ-Ⅳ period) is lower than mild group both in eutopic or ectopic endometrial tissues,while cFLIP was contrary expressed (P < 0.05). ⑤The expression of BAK and cFLIP was negatively correlated with each other in ectopic endometrium (r=-0.389,P< 0.05). Conclusion BAK and cFLIP was negatively expressed in EMS, which may take a part in the endometrial apoptosis and disorderly proliferation. BAK and cFLIP may play an important role in the the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.