AIM: To investigate the effect of hirudo and earthworm liquor extract on the expression of syndecan-1 in focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats and the relationship between syndecan-1 expression and cellists underlying antiinflammatory mechanism. METHODS: The MCAO models of rats were built with the intraluminal filament occlusion. Rats' brains were cut at the levels of the hippocampus as the templates. Immunohistochemistry staining and HE staining were used to facilitate the observation of the distribution and the quantities of cells with expression of syndecan-1 and the pathological change of MCAO ischemia 2 h reperfusion 4, 24, 72 h and 7 d with hirudo and earthworm liquor extract or saline treatment, respectively. RESULTS: Hirudo and earthworm liquor extract could upregulate the expression of syndecan-1 on ischemia/ reperfusion in rats' brains, especially at 72 h. The numbers of syndecan-1 cells got peak, hirudo and earthworm extract liquor could downregulate polynucleation inflammatory cells at 24 and 72 h. The expression of inflammatory cells in both hirudo and earthworm liquor extract group and saline group at 4 h was not significant. Hirudo and earthworm extract liquor downregulated the monocytic inflammation cells infiltration at 7 d. CONCLUSION: Hirudo and earthworm liquor extract can upregulate the expression of syndecan-1 on ischemia reperfusion in rats' brains. The upregulation of syndecan-1 can decrease inflammatory cell infiltrate.

Objective To explore the expression of syndecan-1 in different intervals following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rat and the relationship between syndecan-1 and inflammatory cells in the rat brain.Methods The rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MACO) was performed by using the intraluminal filament occlusion for 2 h,then released.The rat brain were cut in the coronal planes at the levels of the hippocampus as the templates.The immunohistochemical staining and HE staining were used to observe the distribution and the quantity of syndecan-1 and inflammatory cell expression in the normal control group,sham operation group and the MCAO groups at 4,24,72 h and 7 d after reperfusion.Results The expression of syndecan-1 was mainly in the cortex and the subcortex in the rats of normal control group and sham operation group.The immunoreactivity of syndecan-1 in the infarcted core and perilesional infarcted zone started decreasing at 4 h after ischemia/reperfusion,reached the lowest at 24 h.The expression of syndecan-1 in the perilesional infarcted zone was up-regulated at 72 h and recovered at 7 d.The relationship between syndecan-1 and inflammatory cells was of negative correlation.Conclusion The decreasing of syndecan-1 may contribute to inflammatory response in the cerebral infarction region after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of small interference RNA on inhibiting bcl-2 gene expression. METHODS: With Ambion's software and kit, we designed and synthesized siRNA targeted bcl-2, which were transfected into astrocytoma cell line U251 with lipofectamine. The non-transfected cells and treatment with antisense drug G-3139 were taken as controls. MTT was used to detect the inhibitory rate of cell growth. Flow cytometric method was used to detect the change in cycle of the cells. The inhibitory effect of siRNA on mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR and on protein level was by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: For the living rate of cell, siRNA 2, 3, 5, 6 groups were significantly lower than siRNA 1, 4 groups, lipofectamine and control group at 24, 48, and 96 h. siRNA 1-6 groups only had statistic difference with antisense group at 24, 48 h. As for PCR and immunohistochemical method, the expression of bcl-2 on siRNA 2, 3, 5, 6 groups were significant lower than other groups. The results of flow cytomytric method showed the cells transfected with siRNA 1-6 and antisense were blocked at S stage. CONCLUSION: siRNA inhibited bcl-2 gene expression more than 50%.

BACKGROUND:Heparinase can induce syndecan-1 shedding from tumor cells and macrophage motion may correlate with biosynthesis regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of heparinase Ⅰ on syndecan-1 and extracelluar signal regulated kinase 2(ERK2)in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECS)with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.METHODS:heparinase Ⅰ-precultured HUVECS were treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation.Immunohistochemistry staining,RT-PCR and western blot were applied to detect HUVECS syndecan-1 and ERK2 expression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Expression of syndecan-1 and ERK2 was increased in HUVECS following hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment.Heparinase Ⅰ significantly upregulated the expression of syndecan-1 and ERK2 in HUVECS with hypoxia/reoxygenatiOn treatment.Syndecan-1 and ERK2 expression was positively related.Results show that syndecan-1 and ERK2 participate the pathophysiology of HUVECs hypoxia/reoxygenation injury Heparinase Ⅰ influences ERK2 expression by regulating syndecan-1.

Objective:To observe the influence of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia on hemodynamics in laparoscopic cholecys-tectomy. Methods:Totally 98 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into P group and S group. P group was with propofol for anesthesia, and S group was with sevoflurane for anesthesia. Before anesthesia, 2min after intubation, 10 min af-ter intubation, 5min and 30min after pneumoperitoneum, and after the surgery, the levels of blood glucose and cortisol, and hemody-namic changes in the two groups were observed, and the incidence of adverse reactions was also studied. Results:2 min and 10 min af-ter the anesthesia, the blood glucose levels in the two groups were significantly lower than those before the anesthesia(P<0.05 or 0. 01), while 30 min after pneumoperitoneum and after the operation, the blood glucose levels were increased(P<0. 01). The blood glucose levels in S group after the operation were much lower than those in P group (P<0. 01). 2 min after intubation, cortisol was decreased in the two groups (P<0. 05 or 0. 01). 5 min after pneumoperitoneum and after the operation, cortisol levels were higher than those before the anesthesia in P group(P<0. 01), and 5 min and 30 min after pneumoperitoneum and after the operation, cortisol levels in S group were lower than those in P group (P<0. 01). HR and SPO2 showed no significant changes in the two groups during the whole process (P>0. 05). 2 min and 10 min after intubation, SBP in the two groups was decreased (P<0. 01), and 5 min and 30 min after pneumoperitoneum, there was notable difference in SBP between the groups (P<0. 01). 2 min and 10 min after intuba-tion, DBP was decreased in the two groups (P<0. 01), and the difference was significant between the groups (P<0. 01). 5 min and 30 min after pneumoperitoneum, DBP in P group had notable difference with that in S group (P<0. 05). The incidence of adverse re-actions in the two groups showed no significant difference (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Sevoflurane anesthesia in laparoscopic cholecys-tectomy can keep stable hemodynamics in the patients, and the anesthetic effect is better than propofol.

Objective:To study the effect of priming technique combined with time limit on shortening the onset time of cisatra-curium besilate. Methods:Totally 112 adult patients undergoing selective operation with general anesthesia were randomly divided into group A, B and C. Fentanyl with the dose of 4 μg·kg-1 and propofol with the dose of 2 mg·kg-1 were used in the three groups as the inducing agents. Group A was first with intravenous injection of cisatracurium besilate 20 μg·kg-1 , and 3 minutes later, the in-ducing agents and cisatracurium besilate with the dose of 80 μg·kg-1 were respectively injected. Group B was first with intravenous injection of cisatracurium besilate with the dose of l00 μg·kg-1 , and 1. 5 minutes later, the inducing agents were injected. Group C was respectively injected with the inducing drugs and cisatracurium besilate with the dose of l00 μg·kg-1 . The T1 percentage before the induction, the time of 90% and 100% inhibition of muscle twitching, the rating of trachea cannula and adverse drug reactions in the three groups were observed and compared. Results:There was no significant difference in the excellent rate of trachea cannula a-mong the three groups (P>0. 05). Compared with group A and B, group C showed no T1 suppression before the induction, while group B with T1 of (9. 8 ± 2. 6) was higher than group A with T1 of (3. 2 ± 1. 5) (P<0. 01). The time of 90% and 100% inhibition of muscle twitching in group C was the longest (P<0. 01), and the incidence of adverse drug reactions in group C was also the highest (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The application of priming principle and time limit can effectively shorten the onset time of cisatracurium be-silate with significant effect and high safety.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of resveratrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell injury in human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs).Methods:hPDLCs were cultured and identified.The cultured hPDLCs were divided into 5 groups:control group and LPS(10 μg/ml) + RES(0/30,60 and 90 μmol/L respectively) groups.The cell proliferation was detected by MTI assay.The secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 of hPDLCs was detected by ELISA kit.The expression of TLR4/NF-κB mRNA and protein was determined by PCR and Western blot analyses,respectively.Results:The cultured cells were negative for cytokeratin and positive for vimentin staining.Compared with the control group,cell proliferation was decreased,the secretion of TNF-α/IL-6 levels and the expression of TLR4/NF-κB mRNA and protein were increased after treatment with LPS.Whereas,with 30-90 μmol/L resveratrol pretreatment,the proliferation ability of hPDLCs was enhanced(P ＜ 0.05),the secretion levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and the expression of TLR4/NF-κB mRNA and protein were reduced (P ＜ 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:Resveratrol may attenuate LPSinduced cell injury by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway in hPDLCs.

Objective:To analyze the pharmaceutical care performed by clinical pharmacist for one patient with biliary tract infec -tion to investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in clinical treatment .Methods:The clinical pharmacist supervised the whole process of treatment for the patient and optimized the treatment regimen together with the clinical doctors to achieve good efficacy .Results:With the cooperation of clinical pharmacist , the clinical doctors changed the treatment drugs to avoid the potential adverse drug reac -tions until the patient was cured .Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacist in the pharmaceutical care for the patients with biliary tract infection can provide a new thought of working mode .

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting rational drug use and formulating medication policy by health ad-ministrative department. METHODS:The utilization of top 20 adjuvant drugs in the list of consumption sum in 11 tertiary hospitals from Xi’an area during 2013-2015 was analyzed statistically in respects of total consumption sum and constituent ratio,the con-sumption sum of single type,DDDs,DDC,ADR,etc. RESULTS:The total consumption sum and the proportion of adjuvant drugs in 11 tertiary hospitals from Xi’an area increased year by year from 2013 to 2015,accounting for 8.43%,10.25% and 12.20%,respectively. 13 kinds of adjuvant drugs were included in top 20 in the list of total consumption sum from more than 3 hospitals. Deproteinised calf blood serum injection,Alprostadil injection and Danhong injection took up the first 4 places in the list of consumption sum,and Salvianolate for injection took up the first 3 place during 2014-2015. Alprostadil injection,Xueshuantong injection and Spleen peptide oral lyophilized powder took up the first 3 places in the list of DDDs. Spleen polypeptides injection, Yiqi fumai for injection and Cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection took up the first 3 places in the list of DDC,and their DDC were 885.24,372.34 and 349.37 yuan. The incidence of adjuvant drugs-induced ADR increased year by year,increasing from 9.13% of 2013 to 13.49% of 2015. CONCLUSIONS:At present,adjuvant drugs become the important part of clinical drug use in Xi’an area. The consumption sum and amount is increasing rapidly. Great importance should be attached to the rational use and safety of adjuvant drugs so as to control the unreasonable increase of drug expenses.

【Objective】To establish a HBV-marker-producing nude mice model of human transplanted liver cancer(HTLC).【Methods】2.2.15 cells,a HePG2 cell line transfected with HBV genome,were injected subcutaneously into athymic BALB/c-nu mice aged 4～6 weeks.The growth of tumor was observed every week.After 36 days the nude mice were executed and HBV markers of HBsAg,HBeAg,and HBV-DNA as well as alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)in serum were detected.The pathological features of tumor tissues were examined under light microscope.【Results】The incidence of HTLC and the time of HTLC appearing were correlated with the number of transplanted 2.2.15 cells.Serum HBsAg,HBeAg,and HBV-DNA were positive in the HTLC transplanted mice,the serum content of AFP was(350?11.5) ?g/L,and pathological changes under light microscope were similar to human,indicating that the model has some similar histological characteristics of the human liver cancer infected by HBV.【Conclusion】The nude mice model of human transplanted liver cancer,which can produce HBV markers,is established successfully in this study.