This paper describes the relationship between standards and intellectual property rights,describes the importance of putting the intellectual property protection into the International standards of Chinese medicine by the examples.According to the Chinese medicine's own characteristics and actual conditions in our country,the author points out some suggestions on how to put the intellectual property protection into the International standards of Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND: Hand metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint defects caused by trauma, infection, tumor excision or congenital disease seriously affect hand function and contour. At present, there are many methods for the repair of hand bone or joint damage, but none of them can effectively reconstruct the joint anatomic structure and function to restore the normal activity function of joints. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the domestic and foreign researches on the reconstruction of injured hand bone or joint, and to explore the research status and progress of each method in recent years. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: A computer-based online search of PubMed was undertaken to identify the English articles dated from January 1980 to August 2007 with the keywords "hand, bone and joint injury". In addition, we searched China Periodical Full-text Database, Wanfang Database, and VIP database for the related articles published in Chinese between January 1997 and August 2007-08 with the keywords "hand, bone and joint damage, treatment" in Chinese. We also manually searched the related books. Finally, 62 articles were collected. After the first trial, only articles closely correlated with treatment of hand joint damage, and published in the near future or in the authoritative journals were selected. Duplicated researches were excluded. LITERATURE EVALUATION: The articles mainly discussed the research progress in joint damage treatment. Of the 30 selected articles, 5 were review articles, and the others were clinical or basic experimental studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: Now, there are many methods for treating hand joint damage such as fusion of joint, arthroplasty, prosthetic replacement, joint transplantation, cartilage transplantation, cell transplantation, and tissue engineering technique. How to integrate the advantages of each therapy to explore more fast, effective, and low damage treatment methods has become the hot spot in present studies. CONCLUSION: Although the joint reconstruction in hand with bone or joint defects has made a great progress, it still needs further improvement in clinic. To explore fast, highly effective, and low damage treatment method is a hot spot in recent researches.

Objective To study the effects of di-butyltin dilaurate (DBTD) exposure on pregnancy outcome in Wistar rat and evaluate it's effect on sexual development of fetuses. Methods Timed pregnancy rats were treated with corn oil or DBTD (10, 20, 30 mg/kg body weight) from days 12-19 of gestation. On gestational day (GD) 20, dams were sacrificed to investigate the pregnancy outcome. Results There was a downtrend in weight of dams on GD20 as the DBTD exposure dose increased. The weight of dam's utero significantly decreased in 30 mg/kg group. A significant decrease in fetal weights was observed in all DBTD groups, and fetal sizes in 20, 30 mg/kg groups. Exposure to DBTD from GD 12-19 resulted in a distinct increase in normalized anogenital distances in female fetuses, but no effects were seen in male ones. DBTD exposure did not result in external malformations, however, delayed ossification of fetal phalanges was observed in all DBTD treated groups. Dead fetuses and absorbed embryos were observed in 20, 30 mg/kg DBTD groups. Conclusion The results of the present paper show that DBTD exposure has some adverse effects on fetal development and may exert a masculinizing effect on female fetuses.

Objective To explore optimum cycle of Automatic Washer Disinfector for endozime auto wash triple plus with advanced proteolytic action to ensure mechanical cleaning quality and improve safety of reusable medical instruments. Methods Visual inspection, STF cleaning efficacy monitoring test and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) test were used to verify cleaning quality of the newly updated No.4 automatic washer disinfector, and changed key parameters on weekly basis, such as pre-cleaning temperature, pre-cleaning time, detergent concentration, main cleaning temperature, and main flushing time, recorded cleaning results for three weeks:Group test of initial procedure, Group test 1 of optimization procedure and Group test 2 of optimization procedure.Χ2 test was used to compare differences of the three groups and determine the optimum cycle. Results Group test 2 of optimization procedure had the highest visual inspection and ATP test qualification rate (both were 100.00%), and pass all the STF tests. Cleaning quality was significantly better than the other two groups, and the cycle made full use of the tested detergent. Conclusions Cycle parameters of cleaning machine have great impact on medical instruments cleaning quality; Specific consuming products need to be verified to determine the optimum cleaning cycle.

Objective: To compare the different therapeutic effects of acupuncture and Phenolphthalein for constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation. Methods:A total of 50 patients with constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group by the random digital table, 25 cases in each group. The patients in the acupuncture group were treated by puncturing Gongsun (SP 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Hegu (LI 4), Lieque (LU 7), and Tianshu (ST 25), once every day, and 7 d as one course, for continuous 3 courses; while the patients in the medication group were given Phenolphthalein, 7 d as one course, for continuous 3 courses. Compared the Cleveland clinic constipation score (CCS) between the two groups after one course, 3 courses and 3 months after the treatment, as well as the frequency of defecation within one week. Results:After one week of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significantly in the patients of the medication group than in those of the acupuncture group (P<0.01). After 3 weeks of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significant in the patients of the acupuncture group than in those of the medication group (P<0.05). Three months after the end of treatment, CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were significantly changed in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and CCS scores and frequency of defecation per week were improved more significantly in the patients of the acupuncture group than in those of the medication group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture and medication are effective in the treatment of constipation due to intestinal qi stagnation. Their short-term therapeutic effect is similar, but the long-term therapeutic effect is better in the acupuncture group than in the medication group.

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of TA regimen (docetaxel +epirubicin) and immunization therapy of TA regimen combined with dendritic cell (DC)-cytokine induced killer cell (CIK) in treating the patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).Methods Clinical data of 43patients with MBC received treatment in our hospital from January 2011 to January.2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients included were divided into two groups according to the treatment,simple treatment group (TA regimen,control group,22 cases) and combined treatment group (TA regimen + DC-CIK cell,observation group,21 cases).The curative effect,improvement situation of clinical symptoms,adverse reactions and changes of T cell immune phenotype in peripheral blood of patients before and after treatment in the two groups were compared.Results The total efficiency of treatment in observation group (85.7％) was higher than that in control group (63.6％),and the difference was statistical significant (x2 =4.949,P =0.026).Among the incidences of all kinds of adverse reaction appeared during the treatment in two groups,the white blood cells count decreased was the highest in observation group (76.2％) and in control group (59.1％),the difference had no statistical significance (x2 =0.858,P =0.36).After treatment,the rates of fatigue,loss of appetite,insomnia and night sweats of patients in observation group were lower than those in control group (23.8％ vs.54.5％,x2 =4.246,P=0.04;19.0％ vs.54.5％,x2 =5.795,P=0.02;19.0％ vs.50.0％,x2 =4.532,P=0.03).TheCD3+(60.4±12.3vs.47.4±12.8,t=3.393,P＜0.01),CD3+/CD4+(41.7±9.6 vs.28.1±10.5,t=5.442,P＜0.01),CD4+/CD8+ (1.5 ±0.2 vs.1.0±0.2,t =8.195,P＜0.01),NK cells(27.35.9vs.15.3±6.1,t=6.643,P＜0.01),NKTcells(14.7±l.4vs.6.0±1.2,t=11.020,P ＜ 0.0l) after treatment in observation group were obviously higher than those in control group.Conclusion Comparing with the pure TA scheme,the curative effect of immunization therapy of TA regimen combined with DC-CIK cell in treating the patients with MBC is better.It significantly improves the immune functions of patients with MBC,and does not increase adverse reaction.

Nowadays,one of the most challenging aspects of retinoblastoma (RB) therapy is how to control the resistant or recurrent viable vitreous seeds,for which intravenous chemotherapy appears to be ineffective.Recently,intravitreal chemotherapy offers another option to control advanced stage and vitreous seeds of RB,and may be a promising new approach to RB therapy.However,intravitreal injection for RB patients raises considerable controversy due to concerns of possible extraocular extension along the injection route,and should not replace the primary standard of care for bilateral RB or group E eyes of RB.Close follow-up and further studies are needed to determine appropriate indications,to determine the effective drugs and concentrations,to optimize RB therapy protocols and to investigate the relationship between long-term efficacy and toxicities.

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between acute mountain sickness ( AMS) and AMS susceptibility indices before ascent to high altitude and to evaluate their predictive value for AMS. Methods A total of 314 healthy male a-dults were voluntarily enrolled. Their 22 physiological and mental indices of AMS susceptibility were obtained before exposure high altitude. The diagnoses of AMS were based on the Lake Louise score ( LLS) ,an international standard scoring system for AMS. According to the char-acteristics of selected AMS susceptibility indices and the strong fault tolerance of neural network theory, the learning vector quantization ( LVQ) neural network method was adopted to build the prediction model of susceptibility to AMS. Results The results showed the sensitiv-ity of the LVQ model which distinguishes subjects with no-AMS reached 95. 00%,the average correct-prediction precision ultimately reached 72. 22%. The result of prediction is believable. Conclusion The builded LVQ model provide a scientific method for screening crowd who quickly ascend to high altitude,and also can lead to an effective preliminary screening of susceptibility to AMS.

ObjectiveTo explore the key problems facing health record management and put forward effective strategies.Methods Questionnaires survey was performed among county medical staff,country doctors and rural residents who had medical records.Fishbone diagram was used to justify the results.Results At Chongyi count,rural residents got 20-Yuan subsidy per person for medical examine,although the establishment of a health file cost at least 55.5 Yuan,including 42.7 Yuan for medical examination.Only 60 of 108 villages were equipped with computers.Medical staff account for 1.49/1000.The awareness and use of health records were insufficient.ConclusionOur data suggest that it should be necessary to increase financial investment,enhance knowledge on health records,put electronic information system into practice,and strengthen personnel training in the future.

In this paper,we analyze the current situation of the national standardization on acupuncture needles and related patents.Through analyzing the international research focus on the acupuncture needle patents,we give some strategic suggestions on the intellectual property protection of acupuncture needles and traditional Chinese medicine.