Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of low-temperature radiofrequency ablation assisted by endoscopy combined with resection and drainage of cervical abscess for the treatment of congenital pyriform sinus fistula （CPSF） in the acute inflammatory period of children. Methods:Clinical data of 30 patients with CPSF in the acute inflammatory period who received low-temperature radiofrequency ablation assisted by endoscopy under laryngoscope, combined with resection and drainage of cervical abscess, from January 2018 to December 2023 were reviewed. After the operation, patients were followed up closely at different stages. All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound and electronic laryngoscopy, and the results were analyzed. Results:All 30 children successfully completed the surgery without pharyngeal fistula, dysphagia, perifistula, or distal fistula infection, and the incision in the neck healed well. The follow-up survey ranged from 6 months to 2 years, and no recurrences were observed. Conclusion:Low-temperature radiofrequency ablation assisted by endoscopy combined with resection and drainage of cervical abscess is a promising method for treating CPSF in the acute inflammatory period. It is less traumatic, simple, safe, has a significant curative effect, and a low recurrence rate. This approach can be used as a supplementary operation for CPSF in children and provides a new way for clinical treatment.
Humans ; Pyriform Sinus/abnormalities* ; Abscess/surgery* ; Drainage ; Fistula/congenital* ; Female ; Male ; Child ; Radiofrequency Ablation ; Treatment Outcome ; Postoperative Period ; Endoscopy ; Laryngoscopy ; Inflammation ; Child, Preschool

Objective To study the death status of pancreatic cancer among residents in Xuhui district, Shanghai, from 1992 to 2021, and analyze its trends of change, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Methods Based on the database of Shanghai death registration system from 1992 to 2021, the crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate and other indicators of pancreatic cancer among registered residents in Xuhui district were calculated. The Joinpoint software was used to analyze the trends of average annual percent change (AAPC) of pancreatic cancer mortality rate, and the age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the age effect, period effect and birth cohort effect pairs significant changes in pancreatic cancer mortality. Results In 2021, the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in Xuhui district, Shanghai, ranked fourth among malignant tumors, and the winning rate and world standard rate of the whole population, males and females were 8.34/100 000 (8.81/100 000, 7.98/100 000) and 7.28/100 000 (7.69/100 000, 6.96/100 000), respectively, with males higher than females. AAPC of crude mortality rate and the standardized (6) mortality rate were higher in males than that in females. The age-specific mortality rate increased with the increase of age, and the highest mortality rate was found in 60-84 years old group. The age-period-cohort model showed that from 1992 to 2021, the annual net shift of pancreatic cancer mortality among the whole population, male and female residents in Xuhui district, Shanghai, was 1.22%, 1.58%, 1.15% (P=0.20, 0.19, 0.45) respectively, and the time trend was not significant. From the perspective of age effect, the risk of death from pancreatic cancer in the whole population and with age deviation in males had an obvious trend with increasing age (P<0.05), while the age effect in females had no obvious trend. From the perspective of period effect, no period deviation was significant in the whole population, males and females (P>0.05). In terms of cohort effects, there were significant differences in the whole population and the male cohort deviations(P<0.05). No significant cohort effect was observed in the female population. Conclusions The mortality rate of pancreatic cancer among registered residents in Xuhui district, Shanghai from 1992 to 2021, was on the rise, especially in the 60-84 years old group and male. The prevention and control of pancreatic cancer needs to develop effective epidemic prevention measures for corresponding populations.

ObjectiveTo understand the death status of major chronic diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai from 2007 to 2021， and to analyze the probability and trend of premature death， so as to provide an evidence for the policy-making of disease control and prevention. MethodsBased on the data from the death registration system of the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai from 2007 to 2021， the mortality rate of major chronic diseases， life expectancy without cause of death， potential years of life lost （PYLL）， average years of life lost （AYLL）， and premature death rate were calculated. Joinpoint 4.8 software was used to calculate the annual percentage change （APC） of premature death rate and its trend. ResultsIn 2021， the mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of four major chronic diseases， namely cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， diabetes mellitus and chronic lower respiratory diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai was 767.75/100 000 and 234.69/100 000， respectively， accounting for 85.63% of the total causes of death among the residents in Xuhui District， Shanghai. The PYLL， AYLL and PYLL rate were 10 710.00 person-years， 1.49 years per person， and 11.43‰， respectively. Life expectancy increased by 14.91 years after removing the four major chronic diseases. From 2007 to 2021， the premature death rate of chronic diseases among the registered residents in Xuhui District decreased from 9.38% to 7.91% （APC=-1.09%，P<0.05）. Malignant tumors had the highest rate in premature death， and the premature death rate was higher in males than that in females， with a slower rate of decline than in females. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors and chronic lower respiratory diseases showed a significant decreasing trend in premature death rate （APC=-1.30%， -1.20%， -5.42%， P<0.05）， while diabetes mellitus showed a significant increasing trend in premature death rate （APC=3.20%， P<0.05）. There was a significant increasing trend in the rate of premature death from diabetes mellitus in males （APC=5.15%， P<0.05） and a decreasing trend in the rate of premature death from diabetes mellitus in females （APC=-0.76%， P<0.05）. ConclusionCardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， diabetes mellitus and chronic lower respiratory diseases are the main causes of death among the registered residents in Xuhui District. The probability of premature death of the residents in Xuhui District from major chronic diseases is at a low level， indicating that the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Xuhui District has achieved some success， but it is still difficult to realize the goals of the Outline of the "Healthy China 2030" Plan. Therefore， it is necessary to comprehensively carry out the control of risk factors such as tobacco use， harmful alcohol consumption， salt intake， hypertension， hyperglycemia and obesity， especially to strengthen the control of risk factors for male residents， as well as early diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors， cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus， and to implement the disease management mechanism to reduce premature death.

The decreasing reliability of forensic medical reports led to the inadequate credibility of forensic science.Therefore,we can improve the credibility of forensic science by improving the reliability of forensic medical reports.The reliability assessment of the forensic medical examination is presented by the final reports.Standardized production of forensic medical reports can not only reflect the reliability of the related forensic service,but also improve such forensic activities by reversing supervision.The standardized preparation of forensic medical reports is the final positive step when improving the reliability of justice.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the standardization of forensic medical reports from the micro perspective,in order to help enhance the credibility of forensic science,which will finally lead to the enhancement of the credibility of the judicial activities.

Aim To investigate the risk factors of death after acute Stanford type A aortic dissection(ATAAD)complicated with malperfusion syndrome(MPS).Methods 244 patients with ATAAD complicated with MPS who ad-mitted to Nanchong Central Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the study objects.The postoperative survival of the patients was followed up and they were classified into survival group(156 cases)and death group(88 ca-ses).After propensity score matching(PSM)was applied in 1 ∶1 matching,there were 54 cases in both groups.Uni-variate and Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of postoperative death in patients with ATA-AD complicated with MPS.Area under curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristics(ROC)was used to analyze the prognosis of ATAAD complicated with MPS.The prediction model was established by using the regression equation y=1-1/(1+e-z)and the stability of the model was verified by cross-checking method.Results After matching,compared with the survival group(n=54),in the death group(n=54),the proportion of sex(male),the proportion of alcohol con-sumption,acute physiology and chronic health status Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score,sequential organ failure(SOFA)score,al-anine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total serum bilirubin(TSB),cholinesterase,serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),D-dimer(D-D),white blood cell(WBC),neutrophile granulocyte(NEU),fibrinogen degradation product(FDP),platelet(PLT),fi-brinogen(FIB),C-reactive protein(CRP),hypersensitive troponin,operation time,ICU stay time,ventilator stay time,hospital stay,distal extremity hypoperfusion,renal hypoperfusion were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Logistic analy-sis displayed that gender(male),history of drinking,NT-proBNP ≥271.86 ng/L,D-D≥0.74 mg/L and NEU≥13.06× 109 L-1 were independent risk factors in ATAAD patients complicated with MPS for postoperative death(P＜0.05).The combination of NT-proBNP,D-D,gender(male),alcohol drinking history and NEU(referred to as"five factors")had the highest value in predicting ATAAD patients with MPS.The AUC of its ROC curve was 0.979(95％CI:0.937～0.984),the sensitivity was 94.3％,and the specificity was 91.8％,which was higher than the independent predictor.The best critical value predicted by the five factors was 5.02.The survival rate of the group＞5.02 was significantly high-er than that of the group ≤5.02.Log Rank test P＜0.01.A prediction model was established based on the important factors of postoperative death in ATAAD patients with MPS.The results showed that the model had good prediction accu-racy.Conclusion NT-proBNP≥271.86 ng/L,D-D≥0.74 mg/L,gender(male),history of alcohol consumption,and NEU≥×109 L-1 were independent risk factors for long-term prognosis in patients with ATAAD combined with MPS,and their combined application could effectively increase the accuracy of prognosis assessment.

Objective:To explore the current situation of tacit knowledge sharing among nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From March to June 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 437 nurses from three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Changsha as the research subject. The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Tacit Knowledge Sharing Scale, Person-Organization Fit Assessment Scale for Nurses, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The R software randomForest package was used to construct a random forest model and rank the importance of factors influencing tacit knowledge sharing; LASSO analysis was used for variable selection, and the selected variables were analyzed for influencing factors using multiple linear regression.Results:A total of 437 questionnaires were distributed, and 434 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 99.31% (434/437). The Tacit Knowledge Sharing Scale score of 434 nurses was (13.09±3.03). The random forest algorithm showed that the top four independent variables in importance ranking were occupational burnout, professional title, working years, and person-organization fit. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that occupational burnout, professional title, and person-organization fit were the main influencing factors of tacit knowledge sharing among nurses ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The tacit knowledge sharing among nurses needs to be improved. Nursing managers can enhance the tacit knowledge sharing among nurses by reducing their professional burnout, improving the system of professional title promotion, and enhancing the fit between persons and organizations.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between walking speed, life-space mobility (LSM), cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community, and compare the predictive value of walking speed and LSM alone and combined in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 448 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from three communities in Hefei City were selected as the research objects from September 2022 to May 2023. Daily walking speed was measured using the 4-Meter Walking Speed, LSM was assessed using the Chinese version of Life-Space Assessment (LSA), and cognitive function was evaluated using the Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Participants were divided to the MCI group and non-MCI group. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between walking speed, LSM and cognitive function. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between walking speed, LSM and MCI. Area under the curve ( AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the effects of walking speed and Chinese version LSA score on the prediction of MCI alone and in combination. Results:The walking speed and the Chinese version LSA score were both positively correlated with the Chinese version MoCA score ( r=0.598, 0.543; P<0.05). Chinese version LSA score ( OR=0.942) and walking speed score ( OR=0.490) were influencing factors for MCI in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( P<0.05). The AUC for walking speed in predicting MCI was 0.875, with a cutoff value of 3 points. Chinese version LSA score in predicting MCI had an AUC of 0.887 with a cutoff value of 59 points. When used in combination, they achieved an AUC of 0.915, with cutoff values of 55 points for Chinese version LSA scores and 3 points for walking speed scores. Conclusions:The combination of walking speed and LSM can more accurately predict the occurrence of MCI in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus than the single application, which provide a reference for improving the cognitive function of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of self-rated health and aging attitudes on the relationship between life space and psychological distress of community-dwelling older adults.Methods:From August to November 2023, convenience sampling was used to select older adults from three communities of Baohe District in Hefei City as subjects. General Information Questionnaire, Life Space Assessment (LSA), Self-Rated Health (SRH), Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ), and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used for the survey. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between life space and self-rated health, aging attitudes, and psychological distress. Process macro program of SPSS 25.0 software was used to test for mediating effects.Results:A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed and 669 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 95.57%. Among 669 community-dwelling older adults, the LSA, SRH, AAQ, and K10 scores were (74.35±19.39), (3.23±0.96), (80.66±13.43), and (19.29±6.26), respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between life space and attitudes to aging ( rs=0.568, P<0.01) and negative correlations between life space and self-rated health and psychological distress ( rs=-0.334 and -0.455; both P<0.01). The mediating effect test showed that self-rated health and aging attitudes had chain mediating effects on life space and psychological distress, with a mediating effect value of -0.053, accounting for 11.60% of the total effect. Conclusions:Life space can not only directly affect the psychological distress of community-dwelling older adults but also indirectly predict psychological distress through the mediating effect of self-rated health and aging attitudes.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:Employ Lasso regression to develop a nomogram model for predicting the risk of liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on age, gender, laboratory test results, and liver ultrasound results of 1218 patients diagnosed with CHB at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between 1 January 2023 and 30 November 2023. Based on the R caret package, patients were divided into a training set ( n=853) and an internal validation set ( n=365) at a ration of 7∶3, and an additional 185 patients with CHB treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Qunli campus during the same period was included as an external validation set. Lasso regression and multiple logistic regression were employed for variable selection and nomogram model construction. The discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical utility of the prediction model were evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), respectively. Results:Age, platelet, gamma-glutamine transpeptidase, prealbumin, portal vein diameter, and spleen thickness were selected as predictive variables for the occurrence of liver cirrhosis in CHB patients ( P<0.05), and a nomogram model was constructed based on the aforementioned variables. The AUC values for the ROC curves in the internal validation set and external validation set were 0.934 (95% CI 0.910-0.959) and 0.881 (95% CI 0.820-0.942), respectively. The fitting degree of calibration curve was observed in both sets (Internal validation set P=0.881; External validation set P=0.478). DCA curves demonstrated the high clinical utility of the model. Conclusion:Age, platelet, gammaglutamine transpeptidase, prealbumin, portal vein diameter, and spleen thickness were risk factors for the occurrence of liver cirrhosis in CHB patients. The constructed nomogram model exhibits good predictive value and clinical utility.