Objective To reproduce a simple and practicable animal model of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)for evaluating the therapeutic effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(rhIL-1Ra).Methods The animal model of RA was reproduced in Wistar rats by intradermic injection of an admixture of bovine type Ⅱcollagen and Freund's complete adjuvant on the foot pad,tail,and back of the rats and the injections were repeated 7 days later.Results Two weeks after the second injection,all the extremities were markedly swollen.The diameter of ankle joints,the level of TNF-? in serum,and the size of the paws were increased obviously.There was destruction and absorption of the bone trabeculae of distal end of the tibia.There was also necrosis and fibrosis of cartilage of the joints.The articular space was narrowed.Thus RA model was successfully reproduced in rat.Conclusion Bovine type Ⅱcollagen and Freund's complete adjuvant were a favorable agent for the reproduction of RA model in rats.

Aim To observe the effect of polydatin(PD) on the activities of ?-AR in cardiomyocytes under the stimulation of LPS. Methods Cardiac myocytes were isolated and cultured from neonatal rats. Radioligand binding assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the function of ?-AR. Results In control group, the density of ?-AR (B max) was 4.14?1.41 fmol?(1?105 cells) -1 and ?-AR affinity (K d) was (4.02?0.59) nmol?L -1. In LPS group, ?-AR density was down-regulated 〔B max=1.78?0.12 fmol?(1?105 cells) -1〕 and the affinity decreased (K d=23.88?2.34 nmol?L -1). In LPS+PD group, ?-AR B max was recovered to 3.37?0.36 fmol?(1?105 cells) -1 and the affinity increased (K d=3.44?0.44 nmol?L -1). In PD group, ?-AR functions had no significant difference with normal group 〔B max=2.76?0.32 fmol?(1?105 cells) -1 and K d=4.63?1.54 nmol?L -1〕. The ?-AR amount measured by flow cytometry showed the same change tendency as the radioligand binding assay. Conclusion ?-AR activities may be down-regulated during the pathological process of LPS treatment. PD could reverse the effects of LPS by up-regulating ?-adrenoreceptors.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of combined recombinant human IL-11(rhIL-11) and recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) on the neutron-irradiated dogs. Methods 18 male beagle dogs were divided into radiation control group (C, n=7), symptomatic treatment group (S, n=4), and combination therapy group (T, n=7). All dogs were exposed to total body 2Gy 90% neutron radiation. From the first day after radiation, the animals of group T received rhG-CSF 10?g/(kg?d) and rhIL-11 50?g/(kg?d) subeutaneously for 14d and 21d respectively. The cell counts of peripheral blood and CFU-GM of bone marrow were carried out. Results All animals of group S and T survived, however, the survival rate of group C was only 57%. The cellcounts of T group peripheral blood cells (white blood cell at any time point , the platelet and red blood cell of recovery phase) were higher than that of C or S group. The count of T group bone marrow CFU-GM was 6 fold higher than that of group C or S on day 1, and still 1.75, 1.46 fold higher than that group C or S, respectively, on day 33. Conclusion the combination therapy of rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF significantly raised the white cell and platelet counts in ARS dogs induced by neutron irradiation by accelerating the recovery of bone marrow hematopoietic function.

Objective To evaluate the effect of rhIL-11 on radiation injury to the intestinal epithelium and cells cycle of intestinal epithelial cell in mice irradiated with 3.5 Gy neutron. Methods The morphology of the small intestinal epithelium, crypt cells necrosis, and cell proliferation were observed of the epithelial cells of the irradiated mice. Cell cycle of the epithelial cells of the small intestine of the mice was examined by flow cytometry. Results rhIL-11 pretreatment before and treatment after irradiation could accelerate the repair of small intestinal mucosa in irradiated mice. G 2/M block which occurred in the irradiated small intestinal epithelial cells and the rhIL-11 treatment might significantly increased the proportion of cells at S phase. Conclusion rhIL-11 could significantly exert a preventive effect on the small intestine against radiation injury in neutron irradiated mice, with an impact on cell cycle of the intestinal epithelial cells.

Objective To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of interferon ? with different structures including pegylated interferon ?-1b (PEG IFN ?-1b), pegylated interferon ?-2b (PEG IFN ?-2b) and natural interferon ? (IFN ?) in male BALB/C nude mice with human renal adencarcinoma (ACHN) tumor. Methods Athymic BALB/C nude mice were received a subcutaneous injection of ACHN cells (2?106/0.2ml) on the rear flank. After four weeks, the size of tumor reached a mean volume of 50-100 mm3, and the interferon was administrated. The mice with tumor were divided into four groups, and were administrated with placebo (0.2ml/mouse thrice weekly), IFN ?-1b (50?g/mouse thrice weekly), PEG IFN ?-1b (150?g/mouse once weekly) and PEG IFN?-2b (150?g/mouse once every week), respectively, for five weeks. The tumor volumes were measured weekly prior to treatments until the end of the fifth week. All mice in each group were sacrificed to measure the weight of the residual tumor. The anti-tumor activity of IFN ? in vivo was evaluated by studying their ability to reduce the volume and weight of tumor. Results IFN ? may significantly reduce the volume and weight of ACHN tumor in mice. The average tumor weight was 0.422g in placebo group, while 0.263g, 0.235g and 0.219g in the groups treated with PEG IFN ?-1b, IFN ?-1b and PEG IFN ?-2b, respectively. No significant difference was found among the three groups treated with IFN ?. Moreover, the volume of tumor in three groups treated with IFN ? was significant reduced than that in placebo group. Conclusion IFN ? with different structures have showed the similar ability of ACHN tumor suppression at the dosage of 150?g per week.

Objective To compare the effects of interferon alfa-1b(IFN?-1b) and pegylated IFN?-1b(PEG IFN?-1b) on inhibiting growth of human liver cancer cells in vivo.Methods Human liver cancer cells(HepG-2,2?l06/0.2ml) cultured in log phase were subcutaneously injected into the right rear flank of male BALB/C nude mice to establish the tumor model.After HepG-2 injection,the tumor growth was followed up for 14 days.The mice with HepG-2 tumor were randomly divided into placebo(n=7),PEG IFN?-1b(n=8) and IFN?-1b(n=8) groups.Mice received injection of placebo 0.2ml/mouse each time(three times a week),PEG IFN?-1b 150?g/mouse per injection(once a week) and IFN?-1b 50?g/mouse each time(three times a week),respectively,according to their grouping,and this regime lasted for five weeks.In order to evaluate anti-tumor activity,animals' body weight was measured every week,and the measurements of tumor volume and animals' body weight were continuously done till the mice were sacrificed at the end of the fifth week.Results PEG IFN?-1b and IFN?-1b induced a significant decrease in tumor volume and the animals' weight,the suppression rates onto tumor growth were 56%(2.190g vs.4.979g) and 42%(2.678g vs.4.979g),respectively.However,no significant difference was found in animals' weight among the three groups.Conclusion HepG-2(2?l06/0.2ml) injection into nude mice may induce a typical tumor model.PEG IFN?-1b(150?g/mouse per time,once a week) could significantly inhibit the growth of HepG-2 in vivo,and so does the IFN?-1b(50?g/mouse each time,three times per week).

AIM: To investigate the chemotaxis mechanisms of polymerphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) under the stimulation of LPS and its regulation by polydatin (PD). METHODS: Chemotactic chamber assay was used to investigate the regulatory role of formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL1) in the chemotaxis of PMNs in response to LPS and PD. RESULTS: LPS increased the secretion of PMN chemotactic factor and up-regulated the function of formyl peptide receptor like-1. PD did not obviously affect the chemotactic factor secretion in normal PMN and the function of formyl peptide receptor like-1, but it significantly reduced the rise of chemotactic factor excretion in PMNs caused by LPS stimulation and PMNs transfected with formyl peptide receptor like-1. CONCLUSION: FPRL1 may mediate LPS-induced PMN chemotaxis, and PD regulates PMN chemotaxis by down-regulating the secretion of chemokine and the function of FPRL1 and may play a crucial role in the treatment of inflammation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the curative effect of surgery and selerotherapy for massive venous malformations of the tongue.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to December 2014, subtotal resection or debulking for 15 cases of massive venous malformation in the tongue was undertaken with multiple sessions of pre- and post-operative injection therapy of pingyangmycin, lauromacrogol and absolute ethanol.

RESULTSAll signs associated with the lesions including eating, sleep and speech disorders disappeared after treatment. Complete or near complete resolution was achieved in 9 cases, and a significant reduction in size in a further 6 cases after surgical excision and peri-operative sclerotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSFor massive venous malformations of the tongue, surgical excision combined with multiple sessions of sclerotherapy is a good treatment option.

Bleomycin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Ethanol ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Sclerosing Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Sclerotherapy ; Tongue ; blood supply ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Malformations ; therapy ; Veins ; abnormalities

Aim To study the influence of PD on the activity of PKC(protein kinase C) of VSMC during ischemia and hypoxia.Methods The hypoxia model was made by drawing off the oxygen of an enclosed acryl glass box and ischemia model was made by low sugar culture medium. Then the activity of PKC was measured by ?-scintillation counting instrument.Results It was found that the activity of PKC of cytoplasm in VSMC in ischemia and hypoxia situation increased (vs normal group P0.05 ).Conclusion PD can reverse the PKC activities induced by ischemia and hypoxia. It may be one of the mechanisms of PD to have antishock effect.

Objective To observe the effect of simulated microgravity on the photopic negative response (PhNR) of full-field flash ERG in adult mice.Methods In an experimental study,forty-eight adult male C57BL/6J mice (48 eyes) were randomly divided into model and control groups.Model mice were further divided into three subgroups of 8 each:tail-suspended for 15 days (subgroup A),tail-suspended for 30 days (subgroup B),and tail-suspended for 30 days followed by returning to normal position for 30 days (subgroup C).The three control subgroups were similarly fixed with a harness but kept in the normal position for corresponding periods of 15,30,and 60 days.The mice were immediately examined using ERG-PhNR,flash VEP,OCT and visually-guided behavior in vivo,and subsequently sacrificed to analyze the retinal histology in vitro.PhNR amplitude was measured from baseline to PhNR trough.N1 peak-time and N1-P1 amplitude of VEP was analyzed.The escape duration was used to quantitatively evaluate the visual function of mice.In addition,inner retinal thickness was analyzed by OCT imaging.Data were compared by the independent sample t-test.Results PhNR amplitude in the model subgroup A was obviously lower than the corresponding control subgroup,the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.196,P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in PhNR amplitude between the model subgroup B or C and the corresponding control subgroup (t=-1.976,0.285;P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in FVEP N1 peak-time or N1-P1 amplitude between any of the three model subgroups and the corresponding control subgroup (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in OCT-measured inner retinal thickness between any of the three model subgroups and the corresponding control subgroup (t=-0.461,2.073,-0.402;P＞0.05).The three model subgroups showed almost normal retinal structure,including the retinal ganglion cell,inner pexiform layer,inner nuclear layer,outer plexiform layer,outer nuclear layer,ellipsoid zone and RPE.There was no significant difference in visually-guided escape time between any of the three model subgroups and the corresponding control subgroup (t=-0.637,-0.955,1.297;P＞0.05).Conclusion Via tail-suspension,short-term simulated microgravity can affect the PhNR of flash ERG;however,the change is reversible and does not affect visual function of mice.