Objective To explore the relationship between leadership of head nurses and nurse job satisfaction. Methods By generalized stratified sampling, 207 nurses who were in accordance with the inclusion were selected from 2 hospitals in China. To evaluate leadership of head nurses that selected nurses perceived and the status of their job satisfaction, they were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of transactional subscale and transformational subscale of MLQ, and job satisfaction measurement scale. Results Head nurses were more frequently to be transactional than transformational, and frequencies between the two kinds of leadership that head nurses showed had significant difference. Regarding job satisfaction, nurses had the highest score in colleague and the lowest score in payment. transformational leadership was one of the influential factors on nurse job satisfaction, and were positively correlated with the overall nurse job satisfaction, satisfaction with leaders, satisfaction with communication. Conclusions Head nurses can improve nurse job satisfaction by being more transformational.

Objective To know of the concerning conditions of health information ,the ways to get health information ,and its influence factors among young people .Methods The health information seeking behaviors of people aged from 18 to 44 were inves-tigated by online electronic questionnaire and paper questionnaire from March to April in 2014 .Results 502 valid questionnaires were collected ,including 46 .81% men and 53 .19% women ,mean age was (29 .77 ± 6 .27)years old .40 .96% people were often concerned about the health information ,and 82 .39% people got health information through two or more ways ,the select frequency of the various ways were as follows :computer (77 .20% ) ,television (60 .3% ) ,relatives and friends (58 .70% ) ,mobile phones (54 .87% ) ,newspapers ,magazines ,books (53 .20% ) ,radio (9 .26% )and others 4 .80 % .Gender ,education ,occupation ,medical ed-ucation background ,all of them have effect on the ways of obtained health information ,and the effect of knowledge on the selection of internet pathways was greatest .Conclusion The internet has become the most major ways for people to obtain health informa-tion .The ways to obtain health information are affected by multiple factors ,so relative department should provide some convenient channels according to the characters of each group to get health information .

BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (NHAC) has similar component, structure, and morphology to natural bone, characterizing by good biocompatibility, multiaperture, large aperture, high porosity, and high pore communication rate; therefore, NHAC is an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and NHAC in constructing tissue-engineered bone.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: In vitro observational experiment was performed at Cell Laboratory of Jiangsu University from March to September 2006.MATERIALS: A one-month-old healthy male New Zealand rabbit was provided by Experimental Animal Center of Jiangsu University. NHAC was provided by Material Department of Tsinghua University.METHODS: Rabbit MSCs were isolated and purified in vitro, and the 3rd-generation MSCs were seeded onto NHAC. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphology and growth curve of rabbit MSCs; ② adhesion grade at day 5 and 10 after culture under scanning electron microscopy; ③ the amount of MSCs that adhered with NHAC on the 5th and 10th days. RESULTS: Rabbit MSCs were grown adherently with great reproductive activity, and the auxodrome was in accordance with Logistic auxodrome. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the amount of MSCs on the 10th day was significantly greater than the amount on the 5th day (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: The adhesion degree of the compound of MSCs and NHAC is high.

Objective To analyze the periopemtive blood loss of elderly patients with intertrochanter fracture that fixed with proximal femoral nail-antirotation (PFNA),and to explore the risk factor influencing the perioperative blood loss following PFNA fixation.Methods The clinical data of 62 elderly patients with intemochanter fracture treated with PFNA were analyzed retrospectively to determine the perioperative obvious blood loss and hidden blood loss.The impact of gender,age and fracture type on blood loss was also analyzed.Results The obvious blood loss of 62 patients was (120.6 ±42.0) ml,which accounted for 15.5％ in total blood loss [(775.8 ± 129.6) ml].The hidden blood loss was (655.2 ± 109.1) ml,which accounted for 84.5％ in total blood loss.The hidden blood loss was much more than obvious blood loss (P＜ 0.01).The total blood loss,obvious blood loss,hidden blood loss was (773.3 ± 131.5),(122.5 ± 44.1),(650.8± 114.2) mlinmahgroup (20cases),(777.0± 124.7),(119.7±40.2),(657.3 ± 107.7) ml in female group (42 cases),and there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The total blood loss,obvious blood loss was (813.1 ± 107.5),(117.7 ±49.7) ml in advanced age group (35 cases),(727.4 ± 114.3),(124.4 ± 36.6) ml in non-advanced age group (27 cases),and there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞0.05).The hidden blood loss was (695.4 ±74.1) ml in advanced age group,(603.0 ± 65.3) ml in non-advanced age group,and there was significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05).The total blood loss,obvious blood loss,hidden blood loss was (578.1 ±82.3),(68.5 ±23.1),(509.6 ±63.1) ml in stable group (14 cases),(833.5 ±84.1),(135.8 ±35.0),(697.7 ±79.3) ml in unstable group (48 cases),and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Hidden blood loss is the major part of perioperative blood loss of elderly patients with intertrochanter fractures that fixed with PFNA.Advanced age and unstable fracture type are risk factors of hidden blood loss.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal time for decompression in a 24-hour lasting porcine model.Methods After baseline data were recorded,24 pigs were randomly allocated into three groups as follows:one SAP-alone group,and two SAP + ACS groups (decompression at 6 and 12 hours,respectively).We used a N2 pneumoperitoneum to increase the intra-abdominal pressure to 25 mmHg and retrograde intra-ductal infusion of sodium taurocholate to induce severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Systemic hemodynamic profiles,urine output,systemic oxygenation,and serum biochemical parameters of the animals were obtained.Results After induction of ACS,the hemodynamics and oxygenation of the study animals deteriorated significantly.The survival time of the 12-hour group was significantly shortened (P =0.008 vs.6 hours).Early decompression (6 h) restored systemic hemodynamics,oxygenation,organ function,and inflammatory intensity to a level comparable to that of the SAP-alone group.In contrast,animals in 12-hour group developed more severe hemodynamic suppression,oxygenation and organ dysfunction and inflammatory process.For instance,the cardiac output levels in the three groups were 2.70 ±0.50 for the SAP group,2.75 ±0.48 for the 6 hour-group and 2.19 ±0.43 for the 12 hour-group.Conclusion Early decompression could significantly reduce the mortality in a porcine model of SAP incorporating ACS,and also improve systemic hemodynamics,organ function and inflammatory intensity.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of regional electrocardiographic consultation network for primary medical institutions.Methods A distance electrocardiographic ( ECG ) consultation center was established in Yuyao People′s Hospital in September 2012, which was connected to 56 regional primary medical through internet.The online consultation was provided by ECG specialists in the center for general practitioners in regional primary health care institutions.Additionally, the ECG training course was also conducted monthly for general practitioners.The 2-year data of ECG consultation were retrospectively reviewed and the effectiveness of the consultation network was evaluated.Results During the past two years, 86 593 electrocardiograms were uploaded by primary medical institutions, in which 3 976 were required for consultation. The monthly number of electrocardiograms sent by general practitioners was increased from 3 269 ±290 in the first year to 3 947 ±376 in the second year ( P<0.01 ) .However, the requirements of ECG consultation were not significantly different between two years.Compared to the first year, the rates of consultation requirements, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis for ECGs of atrial and ventricular premature beats, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, left and right bundle branch blocks,ⅠandⅡdegree atrioventricular blocks and myocardial infarction were significantly decreased ( all P<0.05) in the second year;meanwhile there was a tendency towards the reduction for ECGs of atrial flutter and Ⅲ degree atrioventricular block in the second year.Conclusion The regional electrocardiographic consultation network is effective to improve the capability of primary medical institutions in electrocardiographic diagnosis.

Ten patients with perianal necrotizing fasciitis were admitted to our department from June to December 2016. There were 8 men and 2 women among the patients, aged 42 to 69 years. Early and complete debridement surgery and comprehensive supportive treatment during perioperative period were carried out to quickly stabilize the patient′s overall condition, and wounds were sutured directly or repaired with autologous scalps and or adjacent local random flaps. After debridement, wound areas ranged from 10 cm×8 cm to 54 cm×21 cm, and area of the flap was about 8 cm×5 cm. The donor site of flap was sutured directly. After the operation, all skin grafts and the flap survived, and wounds of all patients healed. During follow-up of six months to one year, there was no recurrence of perianal necrotizing fasciitis, and functions of the involved lower extremities didn′t be influenced.

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC method to determine the carnosic acid in the stomach and intestine of rats and study its tissue distribution characteristics.

METHODAfter intragastric administration of carnosic acid (90 mg x kg(-1)), rats for each time-point were sacrificed by decapitation. After removal of the blood, various tissues were rapidly removed and weighted, all tissues were treated with a series of pretreatment before HPLC. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) protected by an ODS guard column at 25 degrees C, using acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (55:45) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1). The wavelength of the UV detector was set at 210 nm for carnosic acid and internal standard.

RESULTGood linearities were obtained in every tissue over a range of 0.3212-160.6 mg x L(-1). The recovery, intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of three concentrations of carnosic acid in tissues met the requirements of methodology. And the stability of the tissue samples were also validated. The results of distribution in stomach and intestine showed that the highest concentration was (307.1 +/- 119.2) microg x g(-1) in stomach and (33.32 +/- 17.70) microg x g(-1) in intestine after intragastric administration of carnosic acid.

CONCLUSIONThe HPLC method was established to determine the concentration of carnosic acid in tissues. This method is quick, precise, and reproducible. It is the first time to study the tissue distribution of carnosic acid in rats after intragastric administration.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacokinetics ; Calibration ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Linear Models ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Tissue Distribution

A reliable UPLC-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 4 chemicals (Sudan Ⅰ, tetrabromobisphenol A, tris ( 1, 3-dichloroisopropyl ) phosphate and tris ( chlorisopropyl ) Phosphate) in children products. The samples were ultrasonic extracted with acetonitrile, and then the four chemicals were separated on a C18 column in 3 min. Results showed that the limit of quantification of the method was between 5 and 500μg/kg. The calibration curves were linear within 2-3 orders of magnitude with typical correlation coefficient above 0 . 9995 . The recoveries ranged from 83 . 7% to 97 . 8% with three addition levels. The sensitivity, recovery and selectivity of the method could fully meet the requirements of practical work.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of illness perceptions and its effect on quality of life in adult epileptics.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate 98 adult patients with epilepsy and 75 diabetic patients hospitalized at the same period.The Chinese illness perception questionnaire revised edition(CIPQ-R) was used to evaluate the differences in illness perception factors between the two groups.The quality of life in epilepsy-31(QOLIE-31) was used to assess the quality of life of 98 adult epilepsy patients and 55 healthy people, and the correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were used to investigate the effect of illness perceptions on the quality of life of epileptic patients.Results:The emotional representations factor score of CIPQ-R in the epilepsy group(21.73±5.79) was higher than that in the diabetes group (18.76±5.42) ( P<0.01). The scores of timeline acute/chronic, personal control and illness coherence factors of CIPQ-R in the epilepsy group((16.47±4.68), (20.91±4.03), (15.21±4.44)) were lower than those in the diabetes group ((19.16±4.75), (22.68±3.90), (16.56±3.73)) ( P<0.05). The scores of multiple factors in the quality of life scale of patients with epilepsy were lower than those in healthy controls( t=-2.264--8.203, P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the emotional statement dimension and consequences factors in CIPQ-R were significantly negatively correlated with the total scores of QOLIE-31 and all the other factors it belongs to ( r=-0.202--0.527, P<0.05); the identity, timeline acute/chronic, and timeline cyclical factors in CIPQ-R were negatively correlated with the total score of QOLIE-31 ( r=-0.272--0.342, P<0.01); the treatment control and illness coherence factors in CIPQ-R were positively correlated with the total score of QOLIE-31 ( r=0.259, r=0.307, P<0.01). Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that the identity, timeline acute/chronic, consequences, timeline cyclical, and emotional representations factors were important factors influencing the quality of life of adults with epilepsy. Conclusion:Adult epileptics have certain negative illness perceptions.Among them, identity, timeline acute/chronic, consequences, timeline cyclical and emotional representations factors have significant effects on the quality of life of adult epileptics.