Objective: To understand AIDS knowledge of the college students,to provide scientific evidence for making out the strategy of health education and synthetic prevention measure purposely.Methods An anonymous questionnaire was conducted with face to face interview to investigate the college students in Xi'an, and the software Epi info 5.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis of the data. Results 70.5% of university students knew the whole name of AIDS. As to three ways of HIV transmission, the investigation shows that 49.1% of college students knew three main ways. The 26.5% of college students mistakenly think that mosquito could transmit HIV. In general, the old, the married the literate, and medical students get more knowledge about AIDS than the young,the unmarried,the illiterate, and other major students. Conclusion The college students who are one of the most dangerous groups infected AIDS have poor knowledge. The situation of poor AIDS knowledge is extremely unfit to the prevalent tendency of AIDS, which our country is being faced. We suggest that the college students should be educated intensively on the health knowledge of AIDS especiallis beingy for freshmen.

0.05). The morphological changes were observed in the cochlea. Moreover, the changes of cochlear tissues under the optical microscope wasa lot of akaryotes were found in the blood capillary of cartilaginous tissue in the rats of 30 minutes after rammed; a great quantity inflammatory cells were observed in the blood capillary of cartilaginous tissue in the rats of 1 day rammed. The changes of morphology coincided with the results of DPOAE. CONCLUSION Outer hair cells may be injured by cerebral concussion and the changes were showed by DPOAE and ABR.

In recent years,assisted reproductive technology(ART)is developing rapidly,especially in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technology.The rate of clinical pregnancy in our country is about 40％,and how to improve the rate of clinical pregnancy of IVF-ET has been the focus of the scholars research content.Environmental factors including culture system,temperature,humidity,pH value and volatile organic compounds,all of these can affect the success of IVF-ET.Now the common environmental factors affecting IVF-ET research progress were reviewed as follows.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether sodium magnesium fructose diphosphate(SM) could raise the contents of energy sustrates-ATP, ADP and AMP in the tissues of acute myocardial infarction.METHODS: 60 rat models of acute my-ocardial infarction were randomly divided into 6 groups(n = 10): Treatment groups( A, B, C) received SM(75mg/kg, 38mg/kg and 19mg/kg) in saline sulution respectively,and control groups(D.E) received 1,6-fructose diphosphate(200mg/kg) or mag-nesium sulfate( l0mg/kg) ,another control(F) received same volume of saline.Four hours after administration, the levels of AT-P.ADP and AMP in the myocardial homogenate were determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The levels of ATP, ADP and AMP of treatment groups(A, B, C) were (612.8? 103.2), (538.0??141.2) and (325.2 ? 113.2) nmol/g; (407.6?113.4), (389.4 ? 91.5), (306.1??34.6) nmol/g and (1 637.6? 236.8), (1 366.8??279.3), (1 186.1 ??341.1) nmol/g; while those of control groups(F) were (119.0 ? 22.8), (146.5??36.8) , (436.7 ? 214.9) nmol/g, respectively(P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether sodium magnesium fructose diphosphate(SM) could raise the contents of energy sustrates-ATP, ADP and AMP in the tissues of acute myocardial infarction.METHODS: 60 rat models of acute myocardial infarction were randomly divided into 6 groups(n = 10): Treatment groups(A, B, C) received SM(75mg/kg, 38mg/kg and 19mg/kg) in saline sulution respectively, and control groups (D, E) received 1,6 - fructose diphosphate (200mg/kg) or magnesium sulfate(10mg/kg), another control(F) received same volume of saline.Four hours after administration, the levels of ATP,ADP and AMP in the myocardial homogenate were determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The levels of ATP, ADP and AMP of treatment groups(A, B, C) were (612.8± 103.2)、 (538.0± 141.2) and (325.2± 113.2) nmol/g; (407.6± 113.4)、 (389.4±91.5)、 (306.1 ± 134.6) nmol/g and ( 1 637.6 ± 236.8)、 (1 366.8± 279.3)、 ( 1 186.1 ± 341.1) nmol/g; while those of control groups(F) were (119.0± 22.8)、 (146.5± 36.8)、 (436.7± 214.9) nmol/g, respectively(P＜ 0.01 of 0.05) .CONCLUSION: SM can raise the contents of energy substrates- ATP,ADP and AMP in the tissues of acute myocardial infarction.

Object: To know the situation of college students' knowledge about STDs and to help special department to give an aimed education. Methods: 1020 students were investigated by questionnaire and the data analyzed by the Epi5.0. Result: College students' knowledge about STDs were very little. Just 12.2% of these students know exactly the name of STDs which should be key prevent. About the knowledge of transmission and prevention of STDs, the married, older, higher educated and medical students were better than the corresponding other students. Conclusion: The education of knowledge about STDs should be strengthened in university, especially for freshmen.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in hearing deprivation rat model induced by bilateral cochlears ablation at different time points. METHOD: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four experiment groups including 2-week group, 4-week group, 6-week group, 8-week group and four control groups with 5 rats (n = 10) in each group. Then bilateral cochlears ablation was applied to experiment groups. The threshold value of ABR was measured at different time and latent period of each wave was compared. RESULT: The threshold of ABR in experiment group was elevated significantly. The latent period of each wave was pro longed significantly (P < 0.01). In experiment group, the threshold value of ABR in 2-week and 4-week group was significantly greater than that in 6-week group and 8-week group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Bilateral cochlears ablation surgery could elevate the threshold of ABR and latent period of each wave prolonged. The effect of hearing deprivation became apparent after surgery for 4 weeks.
Animals ; Auditory Threshold ; Cochlea ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Disease Models, Animal ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; physiology ; Hearing Loss ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To prepare 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) hydrogel suppositories and to evaluate their photosensitizer transfer efficiencies in rectal tumor tissue.Methods The BALB/c mice implanted SW837 rectal cancer cells subcutaneously were randomly divided into four groups:intrarectal suppository administration group,cutaneous administration group,intratumoral injection group and intravenous injection group.Fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to measure the concentration of protoporphyrin Ⅸ (PpⅨ) and HMME in rectal wall,skin and tumor tissue.The distribution of photosensitizer was determined by a fluorescence spectroscopy system.Results The concentration of PpⅨ in the ALA suppository administration group was 9.76 times (1 h) and 5.80 times (3 h) higher than that in the cutaneous administration group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The maximal penetration depth of ALA in tumor tissue was about 3-6 mm at 2 h after the cutaneous administration.After the HMME suppository administration,the concentration of HMME in the rectal wall was very low.The maximal penetration depth of HMME in tumor tissue was less than 2 mm after the cutaneous administration.Conclusions ALA is more likely to penetrate mucosal barrier compared to skin tissue.The hydrogel suppository based rectal administration is expected to be a new administration method for the rectal cancer photodynamic therapy using ALA.

Objective To review and sum up cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)management for aortic arch surgery.Methods All of the 42 patients were scheduled for aortic arch surgery with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest(DHCA)plus selective cerebral perfusion(SCP)techniques.The technique of double arterial lines with single pump head was employed for all of the patients,too.An arterial perfusion cannula was inserted into the femoral artery for cardiopulmonary bypass and the right subclavian artery was also cannulated for selective cerebral perfusion for 28 patients.1～3 aerocyst catheter was/were inserted into brachiocephalic trunk for cerebral perfusion when circulation was arrested for the other 14 patients.Results One patient could not regain consciousness after operation and WaS discharged a week after operation for whose relatives gave up the treatment.One patient'S innominate artery was occluded on the seventh day after operation and who suffered with a coma caused by cerebral infarction.The other patients experienced an uneventful recovery and discharge without any one complication relating to cardiopulmonary bypass.Conclusion The technique of DHCA plus SCP iS safe and effective in the surgery of aortic arch.

Aim To investigate the effect of the total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE)on MAPK/NF-κB sig-naling pathway and the inflammatory reaction in the hippocampus of natural aging male rats.Methods The morphological changes of the hippocampus com-posed of three areas (CA1 ,CA3 and DG)were ob-served using haematoxylin-eoin (HE ) staining.The protein expression levels of senescence-associated pro-tein p21,apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2, nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65 )and its downstream inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1βand COX-2,and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins (ERK1/2,p-ERK1/2,JNK,p-JNK,p38MAPK,p-p38MAPK)in hippocampal were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with natural aging group, TFE obviously improved the morphology and structure of hippocampal neurons,and the nerve cells arranged neatly and closely. Furthermore, TFE significantly downregulated the protein expression levels of p2 1 and Bax,upregulated the protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,and reduced the expression of NF-κB p65 and of its downstream inflammatory fac-tors TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins (p-ERK1/2,p-JNK and p-p38 MAPK ) in hippocampus of natural aging rats. Conclusions TFE effectively protects against inflam-matory reaction in brain aging of SD male rats.The mechanism is related with inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation and reduction of its downstream inflamma-tory cytokines expression by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway activation.